Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0728731 (prematurity)
 7,134 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study of 866 vaginal swabs from non-pregnant women showed that 167 (19.3%) contained Group B beta-haemolytic streptococci, with a predominance of Types 3 (31.4%) and Ib (25.2%). The incidence of severe neonatal infections due to Group B streptococci during a 3 1/2 year period at The Prince of Wales Hospital was examined, and a study was made of the distribution of serotypes and associated clinical features (including prematurity and abnormal deliveries) in 16 neonates with septicaemia and/or meningitis admitted to the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, and the Paediatric Department of The Prince of Wales Hospital. From this study it was concluded that prophylactic antibiotic therapy should be administered to neonates with evidence of Group B streptococcal colonization of the throat, umbilicus, or gut, when there is also evidence of prematurity, prolonged interval between membrane rupture and delivery, or other associated obstetric complications.
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PMID:Group B streptococcal infection in neonates. 34 Aug 57

76 out of 77 children surviving IRDS with the aid of intermittent positive pressure ventilation have been followed-up by the age 2.6-7.6 years together with 68 matched controls. Moderate or severe neurological, developmental or mental abnormalities were present in 17% of all IRDS survivors. Statistical comparison of the matched pairs of IRDS survivors and controls revealed no significant differences in the prevalence of abnormalities. In the IRDS survivors the occurrence of cerebral palsy related to prematurity while the development of psycho-motor and mental retardation related to low birth weight and low milk intake during the first week suggesting that both prenatal and postnatal growth retardation may have been of importance. Statistical analysis of a number of preventilatory and ventilatory parameters did not show significant differences between these groups of IRDS survivors and the remainder. Ventilator treatment is recommended as a promising adjunct to the therapy of severe IRDS in centers where the necessary experience and equipment is at hand.
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PMID:Long term prognosis of infants with severe idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. I. Neurological and mental outcome. 34 86

A review of literature on the morphology and pathogenesis of the disease of hyaline membranes (DHM) in children is presented. The role of predisposing factors in the development of the disease such as inheritance, perinatal asphyxia, prematurity of newborns, diabetes in the mother, Cesarian section, is analyzed. The results of electron microscopic, immunohistochemical and dynamic histological examinations of the lungs in DHM are presented. The current concepts on the association of this disease with a defficiency of a surfactant, alpha1-antitrypsin, hypoperfusion and reduction of fibrinolytic activity of the lung tissue, and with the condition of the vegetative nervous system are discussed.
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PMID:[Hyaline membrane disease (idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome of newborn infants)]. 35 9

A study is carried out in 8 infants with a diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia which was established through the study of histologic lung sections, and a microscopic study of protozoas. The following are some of the factors predisposing to this disease: prematurity, significant denutrition, primary immunodeficiencies, extended use of antibiotics, malignancies, and immunosuppressive treatments.
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PMID:[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. 35 46

Processing of data from 79 pregnancies (incl. 11 observed by the authors) in 64 women (incl. 6 of their own patients) after renal transplantation revealed that approximately in 20% of the pregnancies in chronological association with the pregnancy the function of the graft deteriorated or ceased and in four instances this participated indirectly in the mother's death within one year after delivery. The effect of immunosuppressive treatment of the pregnant mother on the development of the foetus and 57 evaluated infants resp. was manifested by a 50% incidence of prematurity, in seven neonates by clinical or post-mortem findings of adrenal hypofunction or hypoplasia resp. and by hypofunction or hypoplasia of the lymphatic apparatus. Only in one neonate and one foetus (observed by the authors) an inborn defect was revealed. In five neonates chromosomal aberrations were described. The above findings support our disapproval of pregnancy in women after renal transplantation with the exception of recipients of grafts from siblings with closely related tissue properties and with a renal function stabilized for a long period and with minimal immunosuppression.
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PMID:Renal transplantation and pregnancy. 35 84

This paper contains a review of the natural history of pituitary tumors in nonpregnant and pregnant patients. Data were drawn from previously published reports and from responses to a questionnaire and were analyzed by life-table techniques. Follow-up of 62 nonpregnant patients with untreated pituitary tumors with and without visual field changes revealed a median time to treatment of 15 1/2 years and similar, relatively constant hazard functions. In 91 pregnancies occurring in 73 women with previously untreated pituitary tumors, ovulation had occurred spontaneously in 9 per cent, headache occurred in 23 per cent, and visual disturbances in 25 per cent with 61 per cent remaining asymptomatic. In those patients who developed symptoms, median time to headache was 10 weeks and to visual disturbance, 14 weeks. The hazard functions were relatively constant and similar. The relative risk of developing symptoms is independent of whether or not the first or second pregnancy occurred in the presence of the pituitary tumor. Of the pregnant patients with previously untreated pituitary tumors, 30 per cent required surgery or radiation therapy. Median time to treatment was 19 weeks. None of the 69 pregnant women without pituitary therapy had permanent sequelae. Only four patients who underwent surgery or received radiation treatment developed permanent symptoms and none was serious. In 78 pregnancies occurring in 73 women with previously treated pituitary tumors, headache occurred in 4 per cent and visual disturbances in 5 per cent. Only one patient required therapy. Treatment during pregnancy results in significantly increased prematurity rates but unchanged abortion and perinatal mortality rates. Small pituitary tumors do not constitute a contraindication to either induction of ovulation or pregnancy.
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PMID:Pituitary tumors and pregnancy. 36 26

Past and continuing studies of the influence of a prior induced abortion on subsequent perinatal complications are reviewed. Many definitive conclusions are precluded because of design problems in the extant studies and these methodological issues, therefore, form the focus for the current review. The available studies do suggest that abortion by vacuum aspiration is not a risk factor for complications of subsequent pregnancies, labor, delivery, or of newborns. Abortion by dilatation and curettage, however, may increase the risk of subsequent spontaneous abortion, low birth weight, and prematurity but these findings need to be confirmed. The impact of other abortion techniques or perinatal complications has not been studied. The more common design problems in the extant literature include: (1) failure to control for confounding maternal factors; (2) problems in reliability of reporting previous abortion; and (3) nonspecific measurement of abortion techniques. Since approximately three-quarters of all abortions performed annually in the United States are on young never-married women who may eventually wish to bear children, further rigorous research to define the risks of induced abortion is urgently required.
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PMID:Induced abortion as a risk factor for perinatal complications: a review. 37 67

A questionnaire survey and review of the literature show that pregnancy can be well tolerated in most women with renal transplants. Fifty-two per cent of the renal transplant recipients who became pregnant had full-term infants with no serious complications. With therapeutic abortions, excluded, 71% of the 308 pregnancies permitted to continue resulted in full-term infants. Rejection episodes were occasionally a serious problem, occurring in 9% of the pregnancies. Mechanical interference with renal excretion or preventing vaginal delivery occurred in 5.6% of the cases. Hypertension and proteinuria, often existing prior to pregnancy, became frequently increased during pregnancy. Infections not associated with rejection were common but easily controlled in most cases. Prematurity was frequent but related to renal function and the time interval from transplant to conception. The most serious infant complications were related to prematurity. Unknown is the future of these infants and their progeny because of their intrauterine exposure to immunosuppressive drugs.
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PMID:Pregnancy in renal transplant patients: a review. 37 91

There has been a gradual accumulation of reported Campylobacter fetus human infections since the first description in 1947. The taxonomy of these fastidious and morphologically confusing organisms has been recently revised and, in the past few years, through the use of selective culture medium for stool isolation C fetus has been implicated as a frequent paghogen in children. There are three relatively distinct patterns of human C fetus infection. The first, most frequent, pattern of disease is enteritis which is usually uncomplicated and due to C fetus subsp jejuni. A second form of disease consists of focal infections, often associated with vasculitis and/or chronic bacteremia. These infections, due to C fetus subsp intestinalis, are seen most often in older, debilitated, or chronically ill men. The third pattern, perinatal infections causing abortion, prematurity, and neonatal meningitis, is the least frequent, but these infections are usually fetal to the fetus or infant and are also due to C fetus subsp intestinalis.
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PMID:Campylobacter fetus infections in children. 39 Apr 87

A study was carried out of 3165 newborn infants delivered consecutively from January to December, 1973 in the Department of Obstetrics, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. A prematurity rate of 24.3% and a perinatal mortality of 96/1000 was observed. The incidence of congenital defects was 2.5%. Study of high risk infants showed an average fasting blood sugar in infants of diabetic mothers at 65.9 mg% and none had hypoglycaemia symptoms. A high prematurity rate was found in infants of mothers with Anaemia (39%), Toxemia (43%) and Jaundice (73%). The incidence of congenital malformations was 8.5% in the infants of diabetic mothers.
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PMID:A study of newborn infants at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. 40 28


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