Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0728731 (prematurity)
 7,134 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Induction of ovulation has its own risks. Since this treatment is elective the physician should be convinced that it is really indicated for the specific patient. Multiple pregnancies still occur in 4 to 15% in in vivo treatment and in 15 to 20% in assisted reproduction. Abortions occur in 20% of the pregnancies achieved. These numbers demonstrate the complexity of induction of ovulation. In recent years the average age of the treated patient has increased, but it is too early to see whether this influences the frequency of complications. The physician should be aware of the possible complications and should remain in contact with the patients at risk after completion of the treatment. The patient should be well informed about the possible complications before starting treatment. At the end of the treatment she should be able to recognize any clinical warning signs of OHSS and inform her physician, in order to be treated appropriately. Further studies of the pathogenesis of OHSS in the future will hopefully lead to more specific treatments or even prevention of this phenomenon. The increasing experience in selective fetal reduction seems to be a practical solution to high rank multifetal gestation, preventing extreme prematurity and its sequelae.
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PMID:Complications of ovulation induction. 835 99

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is characterized by massive transudation of protein-rich fluid (mainly albumin) from the vascular space into the peritoneal pleural and to a lesser extent to the pericardial cavities. The intensity of the syndrome is related to the degree of the follicular response in the ovaries to the ovulation inducing agents. OHSS is still a threat to every patient undergoing ovulation induction. The pathophysiology of OHSS is of extreme importance in the face of the increased use of ovulation induction agents as well as the development of sophisticated assisted reproductive techniques. The correlation found between plasma cytokine activities and the severity of OHSS suggests that plasma cytokines may be involved in the pathogenesis of OHSS and may serve as a means of monitoring the syndrome during the acute phase and throughout convalescence. The interactions between cytokine and non-cytokine mediators of the syndrome, such as the renin-angiotensin system and vascular endothelial growth factor were recently clarified. Awareness of possible mechanisms and factors in the pathophysiology of OHSS will hopefully provide opportunities to design specific treatment regimens effective for both prevention and treatment of this potentially fatal iatrogenic condition. Among IVF patients with severe and critical OHSS, pregnancy rates, multiple gestations, miscarriage, preterm premature rupture of the membranes, prematurity, and low birth weight rates are significantly higher than those reported previously for pregnancies after assisted conception. The incidence of other obstetrical complications, as well as congenital malformations and Cesarean section rates are not significantly different.
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PMID:Clinical aspects of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. 1042 16