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Query: UMLS:C0700208 (scoliosis)
 8,574 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The special risk of the newborn to acquire, skeletal deformities is based on the increased plasticity, intensity of growth and extrapyramidal activity of reflexes which influence each other. These 3 factors may lead to structural growth- and weight bearing deformities in the presence of shrinking contractures and a unilateral oblique habitual position of the trunk. Considering the "Seventh Syndrome" the dual pathogenesis of scoliosis in infancy is discussed from our present point of view (including scoliosis due to oblique body position - moulded baby syndrome - and its deterioration as against true idiopathic infantile or advanced juvenile scoliosis respectively. Similarly is discussed the relation of hip dysplasia due to oblique habitual trunk position in regard to hip dysplasia in connection with CDH as well as the habitual oblique position of the head as against true muscular torticollis.
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PMID:[Aetiopathogenesis of scoliosis, hip dysplasia and torticollis in infancy (author's transl)]. 54 36

CDH (Cotrel-Dubousset-Hopf) instrumentation was developed with the aim of improving stability in ventral operation procedure and facilitating treatment of all anterior spinal diseases. The implantation of anterior plates and drawers, the use of a double-rod fixation within the implant in nonparallel directions, which provide an automatic locking mechanism against displacement, the prevention of dislocation of the cancellous bone srews, and the crosslink principle are its main characteristics. The device can be applied to the spine in accordance with its three-dimensional anatomy by any kind of force (distraction, compression, and rotation). Additional posterior instrumentation and postoperative external support are unnecessary in most cases because of improved stability. No reoperation was necessary following the mono- and multisegmental application of this method in 60 patients (28 with scoliosis, 12 with spondylodiscitis, 8 with primary tumors or isolated metastasis, 6 with fractures, 3 with failed back syndrome, 1 with kyphotic deformity, 1 with spondylolisthesis on two levels, and 1 with loss of correction after the dislocation of another posterior spinal instrumentation). Average blood loss was 950 ml; the average operating time was 3 h. In all, 16 monosegmental and 44 multisegmental procedures were carried out. In 25 patients, in particular those with paralytic scoliosis, a double-stage anterior and posterior spondylodesis was done.
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PMID:CDH: preliminary report on a new anterior spinal instrumentation. 755 56

Scoliosis is a complex deformity of the spine with an abnormal shape in all different planes. Purpose of the study is to describe different biomechanical aspects of the operative treatment on the basis of own experimental results and of a review of the literature. The corrective loads, the resistance of the curvature, principles of different implants, the stability of the instrumented spine and problems of implant fixation are discussed. Corrective loads are divided in forces of distraction, compression, translation and rotation. Distraction is more beneficial for severe curvatures (> 50 degrees), while transverse load is ideal for milder deformities (< 50 degrees). Compression is only efficient when applied segmental and anterior. Resistance increases with increasing of the curvature due to the deformation of vertebral bodies. Release is possible anteriorly by open technique or endoscopically and posteriorly by concave thoracoplasty. Principles of different implants are shown: Harrington- (distraction), Luque- (translation), VDS- (compression, rotation), CD- (combined loading--posterior) and Kaneda-System (combined loading--anterior). It is possible to perform a primary stable fusion of the spine anterior and posterior. The stability provided by three anterior devices (VDS, TSRH, CDH) has been studied in an in-vitro model. TSRH was found to be significantly (p < 0.05) higher in stiffness in flexion/extension and torsion than VDS. In bending there was no statistical difference. In all tests CDH was significantly more stable than VDS. In flexion/extension it proved higher in stiffness than TSRH, no statistical difference was observed in bending and rotation. Bone density plays a crucial role in implantfixation, this is more important anterior than posterior. Pedicular screws are superior in their fixational strength than lamina hooks and screws in the vertebral body.
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PMID:[Biomechanical principles of ventral and dorsal instrumentation correction in scoliosis]. 1092 31