Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0700208 (scoliosis)
 8,574 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lathyrism has been reviewed in respect to four overlapping phases: finding an animal model for neurolathyrism, characterizing osteolathyrism in respect to its possible use as an animal model for human diseases, such as Marfan's syndrome, idiopathic juvenile scoliosis, etc., use of beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) as a tool to study collagen, and use of BAPN as a therapeutic agent in man. Because it has been suggested that the lathyrogen, BAPN, may stimulate the release of proteases, the protease inhibitors Trasylol and epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) were given alone or in combination to BAPN-treated rats. The protease inhibitors did not reduce the effects of BAPN as measured by exostosis formation or collagen extractability.
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PMID:Lathyrism: mini-review and a comment on the lack of effect of protease inhibitors on osteolathyrism. 243 79

Aprotinin is a proteinase inhibitor with antifibrinolytic properties that has found widespread application during cardiac surgical procedures due to its ability to decrease blood loss and transfusion requirements. Recently it has been used by orthopedic surgeons in hip replacement and other major surgeries except for scoliosis surgery, which is known to be associated with major blood loss. To evaluate the effect of aprotinin in reducing blood loss during spinal fusion surgery for idiopathic scoliosis, a double-blind randomized prospective clinical study was performed. Forty-three patients with idiopathic scoliosis underwent spinal fusion and instrumentation and were divided randomly into two groups. Fifteen patients received aprotinin, whereas 28 patients received placebo. The aprotinin group had less blood loss than the placebo group. The transfusion requirement was less in the aprotinin group than the placebo group. Although the difference was not significant statistically, the benefit of aprotinin in reducing blood loss in spinal surgery for idiopathic scoliosis was consistent.
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PMID:Efficacy of aprotinin in reducing blood loss in spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis. 1296 Jun 33

Reduction of blood transfusions in patients with neuromuscular scoliosis can decrease potential complications such as immune suppression, infection, hemolytic reaction and viral transmission. Aprotinin (Trasylol), Bayer), an antifibrinolytic, has proven to be effective in reducing blood loss in cardiac and liver surgery, but little data exists in patients undergoing spinal fusion for neuromuscular scoliosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of aprotinin in pediatric neuromuscular scoliosis patients undergoing spinal fusion. The medical records of all patients undergoing initial spinal fusions for neuromuscular scoliosis between January 1999 and March 2003 were reviewed to determine demographic data, perioperative data, wound drainage and number of transfusion required. Cases were compared to a matched group of historical controls. We had 14 patients in the aprotinin group and 17 in the control group. Total blood loss in the aprotinin group was significantly lower compared to the control group (715 vs. 2,110 ml; P = 0.007). Significantly less blood loss occurred in the aprotinin group when blood loss per kilogram was evaluated as well (23 vs. 60 ml/kg, respectively; P = 0.002). Intra-operative packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusions were also significantly lower in the aprotinin group (1.25 vs. 3.16 units; P = 0.001). No clinical evidence of anaphylaxis, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or renal failure was observed in the aprotinin group. After considering the price of drug therapy, operating room time, and the cost of blood products, the use of aprotinin saved an average of $8,577 per patient. In our series, the use of aprotinin resulted in decreased blood loss and a decreased rate of transfusions in children with neuromuscular scoliosis undergoing extensive spinal fusion. At out institution, the use of aprotinin is safe and cost effective for patients with neuromuscular scoliosis.
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PMID:Aprotinin in pediatric neuromuscular scoliosis surgery. 1882 Sep 53

Total joint arthroplasty and deformity surgery of the spine can require complex reconstructive procedures accompanied by the potential for major blood loss. In an attempt to minimize the perioperative blood loss associated with these procedures, recent focus has concentrated on the efficacy of pharmacologic agents. Antifibrinolytics such as epsilon-aminocaproic acid, tranexamic acid, and aprotinin have been shown to reduce perioperative blood loss, autologous blood donation, transfusions, and associated costs in cardiac as well as major orthopaedic surgery. These agents reduce perioperative blood loss by inhibition of clot breakdown. Prospective, randomized studies have shown that the use of these agents can be effective in reducing the perioperative blood loss and transfusion requirements in total joint arthroplasty, pediatric scoliosis surgery, and adult reconstructive surgery of the spine. Aprotinin, however, is currently under suspension from use pending further evaluation of a trial. Although concerns exist about increased thrombotic events with the use of these agents, large meta-analyses suggest that antifibrinolytics can be safely and efficaciously employed to decrease perioperative blood loss and transfusion requirements.
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PMID:Antifibrinolytics in major orthopaedic surgery. 2019 Jan 3