Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0700208 (scoliosis)
 8,574 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In such procedures as the Harrington operation for idiopathic scoliosis, evaluation of spinal cord function is advisable immediately after the back is straightened. The authors have used hypnosis for this procedure, as an adjunct to anesthetic management. Patients are awakened on the table, given lower extremity tests, and are then reanesthetized. The incidence of postoperative pain and other discomfort is also reduced by hypnosis.
 ...
PMID:Hypnosis for monitoring intraoperative spinal cord function. 94 28

Based on a clarification of the anatomical mechanisms involved in the lateral stability of the spine, electrical stimulation was applied unilaterally to paraspinal muscles of 20 growing dogs in an attempt to produce thoracic scoliotic curves. These experiments were considered critical in the development of a new procedure for correcting human scoliosis. Various alternating voltages and wave forms were used. The curvature varied with the voltage applied, frequency being maintained at a constant value. Curves can be developed in the spines of normal dogs by unilateral electronic muscle stimulation without clinical discomfort or significant muscle atrophy. Curves always develop in the predicted direction (concave to stimulation). Stimulation of more than 4-6 weeks produced curves with significant wedging and rotational deformation. In one experiment curves created in one direction were reversed by stimulating opposite side musculature. Because of the similarity of human and canine anatomy, the results obtained gave impetus to further experimentation with human application. Electromyographic tests, biopsy studies, direct deformation measurements of post mortem dissections and weekly X-rays substantiate the above observations.
 ...
PMID:The use of muscle stimulation for inducing scoliotic curves. A preliminary report. 119 68

Pain in infants and children may be manifest by deformity, altered function, or discomfort. These manifestations are highly age related. Pseudoparalysis may be the only manifestation of septic arthritis of the hip in the neonate; a limp is often the presenting complaint in Perthes' disease, and scoliosis may be the primary manifestation of a herniated disc in an adolescent. New imaging methods aid in diagnosis. Ultrasound is helpful in assessing joint effusions; bone scans localize the cause of a limp; and magnetic resonance imaging shows spinal cord and root lesions. The traditional methods of assessment have not been replaced. History and physical examination are most essential to provide a rational basis on which to select the appropriate imaging study.
 ...
PMID:Pain of musculoskeletal origin in children. 141 12

The use of autograft versus allograft bone in scoliosis surgery is critically evaluated by a multivariate statistical analysis. Two groups of patients matched for age, angle of curve, and length of fusion, forming a consecutive series of posterior arthrodesis for idiopathic scoliosis, were evaluated. Group A consisted of 83 patients receiving autografts, and group B consisted of 99 patients receiving allografts. There was a significant reduction in operation time in the allograft group, and blood loss also decreased. After 1 year there was no significant difference in correction of the curve. Given the problems of discomfort at the donor site scar, we recommend the use of allograft bone in scoliosis surgery.
 ...
PMID:Allograft versus autograft bone in idiopathic scoliosis surgery: a multivariate statistical analysis. 186 Sep 44

Eighteen patients with scoliosis were treated with lateral electric surface stimulation (LESS). Four (23%) discontinued the program because of discomfort, five did not carry through an adequate treatment program, and nine (50%) coped with a proper program. In spite of a good initial correction, five patients in the latter group progressed during treatment. Muscle biopsy specimens before and after a treatment period of 18 months revealed a tendency for the stimulation output to spill over to the concave side of the curve. In this study, LESS has not been an effective treatment for scoliosis.
 ...
PMID:Is lateral electric surface stimulation an effective treatment for scoliosis? 349 50

The authors have studied the technical results and the social status of patients operated on for scoliosis with Harrington rods. Only 137 of the first 330 patients, now adults, could be located and questioned. The scoliosis was idiopathic in nearly all cases. Correction of angulation was comparable to that found in the international literature. The aesthetic results were fair. Most of the patients are still young, and lead active lives without any noticeable loss of function or discomfort, except for low back pain whose frequency is discussed. Scoliosis, therefore, is thought to influence the social and professional future of these patients very little. Their problems have been analysed by the use of a questionnaire. The follow-up period for this early assessment is still short and needs to be completed by a further review in 10 to 15 years. It is likely that these results will not then be applicable to scoliosis of the future whose management will be likely to have altered.
 ...
PMID:[Prognosis of extensive vertebral arthrodesis for scoliosis using Harrington's rods. Initial evaluation]. 622 41

We investigated the spines of 15 patients who had significant leg-length inequality as a result of femoral shaft fractures sustained after skeletal maturity but below the age of 21 years. The patients were examined at least 10 years after fracture. The spines were studied clinically and radiographically before and after correction of leg-length inequality with a shoe-raise. Lateral spinal flexion was measured from radiographs. The lumbar scoliosis associated with the leg-length inequality was compensatory: after equalisation of leg-length the overall curve and the axial rotation were corrected completely. There was also an equal range of lateral flexion to either side after correction. Minor malalignments of the whole spine remained despite correction of the compensatory scoliosis, and within the lumbar spine correction of the scoliosis had not occurred equally at all levels. No patients complained of significant discomfort and neither structural abnormalities nor degenerative changes were seen on the radiographs.
 ...
PMID:The influence on the spine of leg-length discrepancy after femoral fracture. 664 62

The problem of real distress from the discomfort of collapsing scoliosis is predictable in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Once the lumbar curve has exceeded 35 degrees, further progression is inevitable. A vital capacity, then, of 35% or more permits consideration of spinal surgery. Using these indications, 24 patients with DMD had long Harrington instrumentations and spinal fusions from S1 up to the upper thoracic spine (T4, 5, or 6). After two weeks recumbent, they were mobilized wearing a light spinal support in their wheelchairs. The complications encountered are described in detail. One patient died two years after his operation from dystrophic cardiomyopathy. With a follow-up period of four months to 42 months, the rest of these patients are well and sitting with comfort. The authors think that this experience indicates that prophylactic spinal fusion deserves consideration in the care planned for these patients.
 ...
PMID:Surgical stabilization of the spine in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. 666 79

We reviewed the records and physical findings of twenty-three young adults who had had significant untreated limb-length inequality, present since childhood. The spine was studied radiographically and clinically before and after neutralization of the discrepancy of limb lengths with a lift. Movements of the spine also were measured. A significant asymmetry of lateral flexion of the spine remained in nearly all of the patients after neutralization of the discrepancy. The lumbar scoliosis associated with the limb-length inequality was compensatory and non-progressive, but abnormalities of the Cobb angle and of axial rotation remained in the young adults. No relationship was found between the underlying cause of the anisomelia or its duration and the severity of the spinal abnormality. The scoliosis was minor in patients with discrepancies of less than 2.2 centimeters. No patients complained of significant discomfort in the back, nor were degenerative radiographic changes evident there.
 ...
PMID:Scoliosis associated with limb-length inequality. 705 4

Nitinol, a shape memory alloy, is flexible at low temperatures but retains its original shape when heated. This offers interesting possibilities for scoliosis correction. Of the shape memory alloys, nitinol is the most promising medically because of biocompatibility and the ability to control transition temperature. In vivo: Six goats with experimental scoliosis were instrumented with 6-mm nitinol rods. The rods were transformed, and the scoliosis corrected, in the awakened goats by 450-kHz radio frequency induction heating. The curves averaged 41 degrees before instrumentation, 33 degrees after instrumentation, and 11 degrees after rod transformation. The animals tolerated the heating without discomfort, neurologic injury, or evidence of thermal injury to the tissues or the spinal cord. In vitro: Nitinol rods were tested under both constant deflection and constant loading conditions and plotted temperature versus either force or displacement. The 6-mm rod generated forces of 200 N. The 9-mm rod generated up to 500 N. We safely coupled shape memory alloy transformation to the spine and corrected an experimental spinal deformity in awake animals. The forces generated can be estimated by the rod's curvature and temperature. The use of shape memory alloys allows continuous neurologic monitoring during awake correction, true rotational correction by rod torsion, and the potential option of periodic correction to take advantage of spinal viscoelasticity and the potential of true rotational correction by rod torsion.
 ...
PMID:A preliminary investigation of shape memory alloys in the surgical correction of scoliosis. 823 44


1 2 3 4 Next >>