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Query: UMLS:C0700208 (scoliosis)
 8,574 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Leg-length inequality and its hypothetical consequences, pelvic tilt and lumbar scoliosis, were measured in 100 young or middle-aged adults suffering from chronic low-back pain. Leg-length inequality had a good correlation with the pelvic tilt assessed from the iliac crests, a moderate correlation with the sacral tilt, but a poor correlation with the lumbar scoliosis. The sacral tilt correlated well with the lumbar scoliosis when the tilt was more than 3 degrees but poorly when it was smaller. Thus, there is a gradually decreasing correlation between the posture parameters when moving from the hips up to the lumbar spine. We conclude that before a radiologically observed leg-length inequality be considered as the cause of low-back pain, an erect-posture radiograph of the whole pelvis and lumbar spine is essential, in order to assess an existing pelvic tilt and scoliosis.
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PMID:Leg-length inequality has poor correlation with lumbar scoliosis. A radiological study of 100 patients with chronic low-back pain. 252 16

The purpose of this study is to compare preoperative and postoperative back pain problems in 182 patients operated on for idiopathic scoliosis. Preoperatively 32% of the patients presented with back pain, increasing to 66% postoperatively. Minor degrees of back pain increased (from 45 to 65%) and more severe complaints decreased (from 55 to 35%). Moderate to severe back pain increases from 0 to 46%, together with lower hook placement from L1 to L5. It is concluded that, ideally, the lower limit of the fusion should not go beyond L1 or L2. Lower fusions are prone to give more back pain, with major problems, however, only in a minority of cases (7% in fusions to L4-L5).
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PMID:Back pain after Harrington rod instrumentation for idiopathic scoliosis. 252 77

Functional methods utilising the effects of gravity on the upright lordotic spine were developed for both static and dynamic radiography. Static standing orthoradiography of the lumbar spine and weight-bearing joints of the lower extremities shows constitutional and functional abnormalities not visible in conventional recumbent radiography, e.g., postural scoliosis, hypo- or hyperlordosis, "kissing spine"-syndrome and signs of segmental instability. In dynamic traction-compression radiography segmental instability is provoked by axial traction and compression of the spine. With this method translatory instability of 5 to 15 mm was found in about half of the patients with lytic spondylolisthesis of L5 for which flexion-extension radiography had consistently failed to produce any abnormal movement. The amount of anterior spondylolisthetic and posterior retro-olisthetic instability correlated significantly with the severity of back pain symptoms, the degree of maximal static slip, however, being without significance. Functional radiography showed positive findings in most patients suffering from chronic low back pain of otherwise unknown aetiology.
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PMID:Functional radiography of the lumbar spine. 253 23

Thirty-seven patients underwent posterior and/or posterolateral spinal fusion using ethylene oxide gas-sterilized freeze-dried bank bone graft. Thirteen patients had discogenic back pain, eight with prior failed laminectomy procedures, and five undergoing initial spinal surgery. Six patients had isthmic spondylolisthesis, three with associated radicular complaints, and two patients had degenerative spondylolisthesis. Seven patients with spinal fractures and nine patients with scoliosis underwent spinal fusion with associated instrumentation. Pseudarthroses were detected in 28 patients (76%), and 18 patients (49%) underwent pseudarthrosis repair procedures using autogenous iliac bone graft. At surgery, the prior gas-sterilized freeze-dried bone graft was noted to have been almost completely resorbed. Ethylene oxide sterilization has been found experimentally in animal models to damage the osteoinductive ability of bone grafts. Ethylene oxide gas-sterilized freeze-dried bank bone graft is inferior to autogenous bone graft or bank bone graft preserved and/or sterilized by other methods. Its use in thoracic or lumbar posterior or posterolateral fusion cannot be recommended.
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PMID:The failure of ethylene oxide gas-sterilized freeze-dried bone graft for thoracic and lumbar spinal fusion. 205 13

Decision making in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) requires a thorough knowledge of the natural history. Treatment decisions must be individualized based on the probabilities of progression. Any treatment for AIS must influence the "natural history" in a positive way. The natural history of AIS with reference to back pain, effects on pulmonary function, psychosocial effects, mortality, effect on pregnancy and risks of progression in the immature and mature patient are presented.
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PMID:[Idiopathic scoliosis in adolescence. Incidence and progression of untreated scoliosis]. 266 67

From our patients who had idiopathic scoliosis, we identified a subset of eighteen in whom Harrington rods were used for fixation down to the fifth lumbar vertebra. In five of these patients, low-back pain, sciatica, and other neurological problems developed at two to thirty-two months after arthrodesis. These complications were caused by migration of the caudad hook into the spinal canal. The migration was probably caused by a combination of lumbosacral lordosis and mobility of the fifth lumbar vertebra (the most caudad mobile segment) on the segment below, resulting in weakening of the lamina of the fifth lumbar vertebra. After removal of the hardware, all patients had improvement of the lumbosacral and radicular pain as well as resolution of the neurological abnormalities.
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PMID:Late neurological complications of Harrington-rod instrumentation. 266 93

We reviewed the recent experience at Texas Children's Hospital by examining the records of 11 children who underwent suboccipital decompression for symptomatic Chiari type I malformation. Presenting complaints included neck pain (1 child), scoliosis (4 children), back pain (1 child), torticollis (1), motor dysfunction (1), and apnea (3 children). Neurologic findings were normal in 7 of the 11 children. The craniocervical junction and medulla were studied by magnetic resonance imaging, which revealed anatomy consistent with Chiari type I malformation in all cases. At surgery, all patients had tonsillar herniation to the first cervical vertebra or below. Three patients had syringomyelia. Postoperatively, either the patients were symptom free or, in the cases of scoliosis and torticollis, there was no progression. Our experience suggests that Chiari type I malformation may occur in childhood with varied and unusual clinical findings. Magnetic resonance imaging was essential to the diagnosis; the presence of tonsillar herniation was confirmed at surgery. The results of suboccipital decompression were favorable in this series.
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PMID:Chiari type I malformation in children. 279 48

X-ray findings in the thoracic and lumbar spine from 666 60-year-old men and women from a general population were related to anamnestic data and physical measurements. Disc degenerations were significantly more common among those with low-back pain (LBP) compared with those without. The corresponding calculated predictive values stressed the importance of taking precaution in interpreting the radiologic findings in the clinical situation. In several instances, there were significantly more positive (abnormal) radiologic findings among those with the heaviest work. Disc degeneration and scoliosis were particularly frequent in this regard. Absolute weight and body mass index was significantly higher in persons with spondylosis. The fingertip-floor distance was greater with higher frequency of spondylosis and L4 disc degeneration.
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PMID:The relation of spinal x-ray to low-back pain and physical activity among 60-year-old men and women. 293 34

Confusion over dorsolumbar kyphosis and Sheuermann's disease has existed in the literature since the first recorded episodes in 1921. The present article delineates an etiology of back pain that is frequently seen in the adolescent population and is not to be confused with the painless fixed kyphotic deformity so frequently mentioned in the scoliosis literature. These patients with a painful dorsolumbar Sheuermann's disease may well have a traumatic herniation of the disk into the bony vertebral body. This type of x-ray and clinical finding should become familiar to all clinicians dealing with an adolescent population.
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PMID:Dorsolumbar kyphosis or Scheuermann's disease. 293 56

Scoliosis is a lateral and rotary deformity of the spine that is often found in children. Treatment of this deformity is based on the principle of early recognition and prevention, although surgical correction may be warranted in the case of progressive curves. There is no scientific evidence that spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) has any effect on curve progression in patients with idiopathic scoliosis; however, there is clinical evidence that SMT is a useful treatment for those patients who have an associated mechanical backache. This paper reviews the classification, natural history, pathogenesis, and clinical and radiological assessment of scoliosis. An algorithm for the management of scoliosis by chiropractors is presented, and illustrative cases from a scoliosis clinic in a university hospital are used to reinforce important clinical principles.
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PMID:An algorithm for the management of scoliosis. 293 63


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