Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In vitro cellular cytotoxicity of mononuclear cells of intestinal mucosa and peripheral blood for a colon cancer cell target was measured in patients with colon cancer and other disorders requiring resection. Four- and 24-hour cytotoxicity assays were conducted using selenium 75 (75Se)-labeled RPMI-4788 human colon cancer target cells grown in culture. In the cancer group mean cytotoxicity was 30.4% at 24 hours for peripheral blood effectors and 8.0% for effectors from normal mucosa. Values in patients with Crohn's disease were 10.4% for blood and 17.2% for effectors from normal mucosa, and 13.6% and 18.5%, respectively, for blood and abnormal mucosa. Values in patients with other diseases were 25% for blood and 14.7% for mucosa. Mean cytotoxicity at 4 hours did not exceed 6.4% for any group, and assays in autologous serum gave results similar to tests in calf serum. In additional studies, K 562 chronic leukemia cells were somewhat more sensitive to lysis than RPMI-4788 by blood mononuclear cells, but there was no lysis of K 562 by mucosal populations that were cytotoxic for RPMI-4788. There was no competitive inhibition by either target cell for the other. It was concluded that 75Se RPMI-4788 colon cancer cells are suitable targets for evaluating in vitro cytotoxicity by intestinal mucosal cells and that mucosal cytotoxicity in patients with colon cancer is depressed compared to cytotoxicity by peripheral blood effectors.
 ...
PMID:In vitro cellular cytotoxicity for a human colon cancer cell line by mucosal mononuclear cells of patients with colon cancer and other disorders. 396 87

Neoplasms affecting different subsections of the large bowel appear to have different risk factors. For the major type of neoplastic disease in the large bowel, that in the descending and sigmoid colon, a good association with nutrition and specific nutritional elements has been found. The risk of this type of colon cancer is proportional to the customary dietary fat intake--high in the Western World and low in the Orient. It is inversely proportional to stool bulk, which is itself modulated by cereal fibre intake. Fat and fibre, as the two major elements implicated, are sufficiently secure with regard to underlying scientific data and understanding of mechanisms, to permit utilising them to modify risk. Thus, a dietary regimen low in total fat, 20% of calories, and higher in cereal fibre, of the order of 30 grams/day, is indicated. Such a modified nutritional intake could be expected to reduce risk, not only in the general population, but most likely also in patients who have been treated successfully by conventional means. Additional evidence suggests that regular intake of yellow and green vegetables, of foods containing calcium salts, selenium and other micro-nutrients, lower the risk even more. More research is needed to provide the data necessary for deliberate intervention with these agents. Gastric cancer, on the other hand, has a distinct set of risk factors, namely, intake of pickled and salted fish or beans. Other risk factors are associated with residence in areas where the geochemical or agricultural sources of nitrate intake are not balanced by the presence of vitamin C, vitamin E, or certain phenolic antioxidants and nitrite traps such as pyrogallol, tannins, or peptides. The possible genotoxic carcinogen is not yet known, but it could be an alkyl-nitrosamide type of aryldiazonium chemical. The formation of such compounds is inhibited by vitamin C, vitamin E, and certain antioxidants. This fact can be used to decrease deliberately the risk of gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:Human and laboratory studies on the causes and prevention of gastrointestinal cancer. 609 59

We studied DMH induced colon cancer in 120 wistar rats, which were divided into 8 groups based on different diets. They were killed and autopsied on 4 weeks after the last injection of DMH. The tumors in various organs including its characteristics, number, site, histological types and ultrastructural changes were observed. The results showed that high fat diet has a significant effect on DMH induced colon cancer. Selenium and calcium can inhibit the effect of DMH and decrease the incidence of colon cancer. Selenium can also interfere the effect of high fat diet but germanium has no effect on colon carcinogenesis.
 ...
PMID:[Interference of selenium germanium and calcium in carcinogenesis of colon cancer]. 755 87

A pilot study was undertaken in order to assess the relationship between selenium status and occurrence of colon cancer in a selected population group. The opportunity for starting the programme occurred in 1992 after some information attained from health control laboratories that noted human colon cancer death rates much higher than normal in a well defined geographical area of central Italy (province of Terni). Element levels in serum and healthy and neoplastic colon tissues were determined for twenty subjects affected by the disease. A hydride generation-based method with inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) detection was developed for the determination of Se in acid-digested samples. The mean values observed in the three types of samples led to the following conclusion: i) Se levels in serum of subjects affected by colon cancer are significantly lower (0.063 +/- 0.018 microgram/ml) than those reported previously for the national average (0.089-0.093 microgram/ml); ii) there is a considerable difference in Se levels between the healthy and neoplastic tissues (0.098 +/- 0.030 microgram/g vs 0.158 +/- 0.065 microgram/g).
 ...
PMID:A pilot study on colon cancer occurrence as related to serum selenium levels. 783 15

As a part of a program aimed to develop less toxic and more effective chemopreventive organoselenium compounds than inorganic selenium, we have evaluated benzyl selenocyanate (BSC) and its o-, m-, p-nitro and -methoxy isomers, o-, m-, and p-isomers of phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate (XSC), dibenzyl diselenide (DDS), and 2,2'-diselenobis[((N,N-dimethylamino)methyl)- benzene]bis(hydrochloride salt) (DSBDB) for their potential colon tumor inhibitory properties using azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF), a preneoplastic lesion, in male F344 rats prior to preclinical efficacy study. In the first experiment, the effect of these agents administered during initiation and postinitiation periods of carcinogenesis was investigated. Male F344 rats were fed diets containing 8 ppm Na2SeO3 or 10 ppm of each BSC and its analogues, DDS and DSBDB or 20 ppm of each XSC analogue, two weeks prior to AOM (15 mg/kg body wt., once weekly for two weeks, s.c.) administration and during and until 8 weeks after AOM treatment. Formalin-fixed and methylene blue stained colons were scored for AOM-induced ACF using the light microscope. Taking body weight gains and multiplicity of 4 or more AC/focus, the inhibitory effects of Na2SeO3, o-, m- and p-methoxy-BSC, p-XSC and DDS were much greater than those of the other selenium compounds. In the second study, the effects of these agents when administered during the initiation or postinitiation periods were investigated. The results indicated that o-, m-, and p-methoxy-BSC, DDS and p-XSC significantly inhibited crypt multiplicity during the initiation period whereas o-, and p-methoxy-BSC, p-XSC and DDS suppressed crypt multiplicity during the postinitiation period. It is concluded that o-, and p-methoxy-BSC, p-XSC and DDS possess potential chemopreventive properties in colon cancer. Further studies are warranted to evaluated these agents for chemopreventive properties in preclinical efficacy studies.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of organoselenium compounds for potential chemopreventive properties in colon carcinogenesis. 787 74

A population-based case-control study including 726 patients with colon cancer, 575 with rectum cancer, and 1400 population controls matched on age (+/- 5 yrs.) and sex was carried out to evaluate the association of ten inorganic elements, including potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, phosphorus and selenium, and other dietary factors with colorectal cancer. Single variable analysis adjusted for age and sex showed most of the ten elements, except sodium and selenium, may reduce the risk of the development of colorectal cancer. Correlation analysis indicated these eight elements correlated closely to the "vegetable factors", e.g., dietary fibre, and so on, since the major sources (about 80%) of these elements were from vegetables. Multi-variable logistic regression analysis showed nine elements (except sodium) may confound the effects of some dietary factors (such as dietary fibre and vitamin C) on the occurrence of colorectal cancer and only contribute to it. The results showed a close association between saturated fatty acid, mono-unsaturated fatty acid, dietary fibre, vitamins C and E, and colorectal cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Relationship between colorectal cancer and ten inorganic elements]. 813 59

Selenium metabolism and polyamine biosynthesis are linked in their common requirement for S-adenosylmethionine. The effects of selenium supplementation (0.1 to 6.0 ppm) on growth, polyamine biosynthesis and S-adenosylmethionine were examined in two human colon cancer cell lines, WiDr and HT29. WiDr cells were very sensitive to selenium with a significant decrease in 3H-thymidine incorporation and cell number to doses above 0.25 ppm. HT29 cells were less sensitive. In HT29 cells, ornithine decarboxylase activity and its product putrescine decreased in parallel with the growth inhibitory effects of selenium. Similar changes were not noted in WiDr cells. Spermidine and spermine content were conserved in both cell lines exposed to cytotoxic doses of selenium. S-adenosylmethionine was increased in HT29 cells at cytotoxic doses of selenium (1.0 to 6.0 ppm).
 ...
PMID:Effect of selenium on growth, S-adenosylmethionine and polyamine biosynthesis in human colon cancer cells. 831 17

Erythrocyte activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was measured in 26 patients with colon cancer and in 26 sex, age, height and weight matched controls. The patient group had a lower mean GSH-Px activity than the control group (p < 0.001). No correlation was found between glutathione peroxidase activity and sex, age, height, or weight, or between glutathione peroxidase activity and duration of the disease. The inverse correlation between the activity of this enzyme and the extent of the disease may be caused by a decreased absorption of selenium from the diseased colon. The significance of decreased GSH-Px in patients with this disease is unknown, but the possibility exists that this may further increase their risk of developing colonic cancer.
 ...
PMID:Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase in patients with colon cancer. 835 Sep 54

Antioxidant micronutrients, including vitamin E, vitamin C, the carotenoids, and selenium, defend the body against free radicals and reactive oxygen molecules, suggesting a potential for these dietary components in cancer prevention. To investigate whether high intakes of antioxidant micronutrients protect against colon cancer in humans, we analyzed data from a prospective cohort study of 35,215 Iowa women aged 55-69 years and without a history of cancer who completed a dietary questionnaire in 1986. Through 1990, 212 incident cases of colon cancer were documented. Adjusted for age, total vitamin E intake was inversely associated with the risk of colon cancer (P for trend < 0.0001); the relative risk for the highest compared to the lowest quintile was 0.32 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.19, 0.54]. Further adjustment for total energy intake and other risk factors in proportional hazards regression had little effect on these estimates. The association was not uniform across age groups: the multivariate relative risk of colon cancer for the highest compared to the lowest quintile of total vitamin E intake was 0.16 (95% CI 0.04, 0.70) for those 55-59 years old, 0.37 (95% CI 0.12, 1.16) for those 60-64 years old, and 0.93 (95% CI 0.27, 3.25) for those 65-69 years old. Multivariate-adjusted relative risks among women with higher total intakes of vitamins A and C and beta-carotene, and among users of selenium supplements, were not significantly different from 1.0. These prospective data provide evidence that a high intake of vitamin E may decrease the risk of colon cancer, especially in persons under 65 years of age.
 ...
PMID:Reduced risk of colon cancer with high intake of vitamin E: the Iowa Women's Health Study. 836 19

To determine correlates of the geographic variation in colon cancer mortality within China, dietary variables, biochemical markers, and other factors from an ecological survey in 49 Chinese rural counties were examined. High consumption of animal foods, salt-preserved vegetables, and beer was associated with increased mortality of colon cancer, whereas the rates were significantly inversely related with intake of green vegetables. Serum levels of total cholesterol, urea nitrogen, and lipid peroxide were positively correlated with colon cancer mortality, after adjustment for each other and for other blood nutrients. No appreciable associations, however, were found between colon cancer and serum levels of beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol, vitamin C, and selenium. In addition, prevalence of schistosomiasis was significantly correlated with increased colon cancer mortality. This ecological study indicates that observations from earlier analytic investigations in Western societies may apply to a Chinese rural population and suggests that schistosomiasis and dietary factors may contribute to the remarkable geographic variation of colon cancer in China.
 ...
PMID:Correlations of colon cancer mortality with dietary factors, serum markers, and schistosomiasis in China. 841 26


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>