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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 65-year-old man was hospitalised for a subocclusive state, fever, 15 kg weight loss and left abdominal pain. The plain abdominal film revealed gas in the left hypochondrium. Barium enema showed a stenosis of the left colic angle. On evacuation, a little barium entered the gas-filled cavity. Left colectomy with splenectomy was carried out. The pathologist found histological evidence of a small carcinoma of the colon invading the hilum of the spleen. An intrasplenic cavity had been formed at the site of contact. Thus an intrasplenic gas collection was the presenting sign of a carcinoma of the colon. Two colosplenic fistulae of similar origin have been reported in the literature; neither associated with similar radiological findings.
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PMID:[Carcinoma of the left colic angle presenting as an intrasplenic gas collection (author's transl)]. 85 82

The adenomatous polyp is considered to be the precursor of recto-colonic carcinoma. The detection of polyps would appear to be ensured with maximum effectiveness by double contrast barium enema and the authors recommend the routine use of this technique for this purpose. The aim of the radiologist should no longer be merely that of the diagnosis of carcinoma of the colon and rectum, but also its prevention by enabling colonoscopic excision of glandular polyps.
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PMID:[The preponderant role of the radiologist in the prevention of recto-colonic carcinoma by the detection of polyps (author's transl)]. 85 87

The authors report 8 cases of lympho-reticulosarcoma of the colon and emphasize the rareness of this tumour (10 percent of cases) compared with other localisations in the stomach and small intestine. Whether primary or secondary, lymphosarcoma of the colon has various radiological appearances, depending on the mode of development of the sarcoma in the wall of the colon. Mainly sub-mucosal, it may remain localised or extend to the whole of the colon, predominating in the ileo-coecal and recto-sigmoid regions. Localised tumour forms present either in the form of large polycyclic lacunae, sometimes invaginated or as vast ulcerations with irregular nodular margin, or as due to parietal infiltration and exoluminal development of the tumour mass and neighbouring adenopathy. It is sometimes confused with carcinoma of the colon, e.g. vegetating carcinoma, colloid carcinoma, or peritoneal metastases, or with a regional abscess, e.g. appendix abscess or diverticulosis. The correct diagnosis is made on operation. The extensive colonic forms rarely take on the appearance of lymphoid pseudopolyposis, more often that of a very unusual nodular form formed of hazy lenticular lacunae. It may be confused with nodular colitis, it differs from this, however, by the absence of ulceration, changes in caliber and the persistance of normal haustration, a reticulated appearance of the mucosal outline during evacuation of the barium. In all cases, the discovery of a colonic lympho-reticulosarcoma implies complete digestive radiological investigation in order to seek gastric, duodenal or intestinal localisations, together with a search for other extra-digestive localisations. In fact, the great diffusion of the lesions modifies the prognosis and the therapeutic attitude. These lymphosarcomas and reticulosarcomas of the colon have a similar pathological and radiological appearance but differ by their sensitivity to treatment with cobalt, as reticulosarcomas are more resistant.
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PMID:[Pathological, clinical and radiological study of colonic lympho-reticulosarcoma. Report of 8 cases (author's transl)]. 109 45

Relatives of patients with multiple polyposis are among those at high risk for development of neoplasms in the colon. Examination of 4 siblings, 3 men and 1 woman, of a patient with multiple polyposis was conducted for the possible presence of colonic polyps. All patients were over 40 years of age and received barium enemas for the radiological detection of excrescences. Proctoscopic examinations were also carried out during which time a biopsy and colonic wash were obtained. Polyps were absent on films as well as on endoscopy, and colonic cytologies of all 4 subjects were within normal limits. However, isotopic incorporation studies revealed the presence of an abnormal labeling pattern in some crypts of the biopsy incubated with TdR-3H of 1 family member. Along with normal crypts with label in the lower two-thirds of the colonic crypts, some were seen to have cells labeled at the surface, a proliferative lesion thought to precede the apperarance of a polyp. Among the surface cells removed by the colonic wash, some were found to be isotopically labeled, that is, engaged in DNA synthesis. Thus, a defect in the regulation of colonic epithelial cell replication was found, suggesting the need for close surveillance in the interest of early colon cancer detection.
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PMID:The detection of aberrant DNA synthesis in a member of a high-risk cancer family. 116 21

In approximately 80 per cent of cases the gallbladder is closely applied to the superior medial aspect of the right colic flexure. This intimate anatomic relationship provides pathways for direct extension of both inflammatory and neoplastic lesions of the gallbladder to involve the adjacent colon. The resultant secondary colonic abnormalities noted in 15 patients have been analyzed and correlated with surgical-pathologic findings. In acute cholecystitis, barium enema examination shows evidence of indentation by an enlarged gallbladder, spasm and mucosal edema in the anterior hepatic flexure. Chronic cholecystitis results in involvement of the adjacent colon by fibrous adhesions and inflammatory reaction. These may further lead to the development of pseudotumors simulating primary carcinoma of the colon. Similar findings including cholecysto-colic fistulae may be the initial manifestations of carcinoma of the gallbladder. The spectrum of pathologic-roentgenographic alterations in the cholecysto-colic interface is described and illustrated. Recognition of these features is of critical importance for the correct interpretation of barium enema findings and the subsequent management of patients with gallbladder disorders.
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PMID:The cholecysto-colic relationships. A roentgen-anatomic study of the colonic manifestations of gallbladder disorders. 120 Feb 12

Study was made of a kindred with a strong history of carcinoma of the colon. Twenty-three family members were screened for the tumor with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) assay, barium enema, and proctoscopy; one occult colon cancer was diagnosed. Identification and surveillance of families at high colon cancer was diagnosed. Identification and surveillance of families at high risk of cancer can provide unusual opportunities for early tumor detection.
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PMID:Familial colon cancer. 125 19

The authors present 3 cases which illustrate the wide spectrum of clinical presentations of gastrocolic fistula. These complications include (a) pain, feculent vomiting, and diarrhea; (b) gastrointestinal hemorrhage; and (c) peritonitis. The gastric ulcer is easily detected by a barium meal study although a barium enema may be necessary to show the fistulous communication. The relationship of this condition to steroids and acetylsalicyclic acid is stressed. Two other cases are included to illustrate the development of such a fistula and show the distinguishing features of a gastrocolic fistula due to carcinoma of the colon.
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PMID:Gastrocolic fistula as a complication of benign gastric ulcer. 125 59

In summary, we have presented a large Canadian kindred exhibiting hereditary large bowel cancer, without polyposis coli, transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion (Hereditary Site-Specific Colon Cancer). This series serves to emphasize the heritable nature of this and other malignant conditions and the importance of so fundamental a concept as the taking of a complete family history in the identification and management of these conditions. Looking to the future, the reduction of morbidity and mortality from Hereditary Site-Specific Colon Cancer lies in the education of the family and genetic counselling, both commencing in the mid teens the education of physicians and surgeons in the very considerable risk of malignancy in this condition the surveillance of asymptomatic family members including such measures as stool testing for occult blood six monthly augmented by air contrast barium enema and/or colonoscopy at two yearly intervals, commencing at age 25 the creation of national and international registries the identification of reliable biomarkers. We are indeed fortunate to live in a age when technology holds promise for the identification of the oncogenes operative in this and other heritable malignancies. This is the subject of ongoing collaboration between us and our molecular biology colleagues at Memorial University in St. John's and exemplifies, I believe, the very best in the cooperative spirit which may exist between a community hospital and a larger teaching centre.
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PMID:Hereditary site-specific colon cancer in a Canadian kindred. 136 93

Clinical usefulness of 67Ga-citrate scintigraphy for the diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma was reappraised at the standpoint of clinicopathological diagnosis. Fifty-eight patients with colonic carcinoma were subjected to this study. They underwent 67Ga scintigraphy before surgery. Colorectal carcinomas were detected in 38 patients, 65.5% by this procedure. Surgical specimens from thirty-seven patients underwent postoperative scanning. The scanning of the surgical specimen revealed accumulation of 67Ga-citrate in all 37 patients, suggesting that 67Ga-citrate accumulated in the carcinoma of the colon. The results suggested that detectability of carcinoma of the colon by 67Ga scintigraphy in this series was better than generally considered. 67Ga scintigraphy was considered to provide useful information in cases of severe stenosis and dolichocolon which were difficult to diagnose with a Barium enema and fiberscope. The problem is that abnormal accumulation is sometimes hard to distinguish from physiological excretion in the stools. However we believe that images should be carefully evaluated, keeping in mind the fact that 67Ga-citrate could accumulate in a colorectal carcinoma, and also believe that we radiologists should actively promote Ba-enema examination in positive cases rather than to devote time to the differentiation between physiological excretion of 67Ga in the stools and accumulation in a colorectal carcinoma.
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PMID:Re-appraisal of clinical usefulness of 67Ga-citrate scintigraphy for primary colorectal carcinoma: with evaluation of scintigram obtained from resected specimens. 138 88

Given the increasing incidence of colon cancer in recent years, it is important to establish a diagnostic system for early detection and introduce it into clinical practice. A double contrast examination that uses a disposable tip and tube with an enema reservoir filled with 200 ml of 60 w/v% barium sulfate, known as SCG (screening colonography) was used in this study. In order to assess its utility SCG was performed on 1,554 patients, and 2,004 patients were examined by a within 24 hours combination of sigmoidoscopy and SCG by way of screening for colon cancer. Given the brief duration of SCG, which ranged from 10 to 13 min in most patients in the study, the efficiency of the examinations was considered to be rather high. Furthermore, the barium reached the cecum in as many as 98.7% of the patients. Overall, SCG proved to have an excellent diagnostic capability. Sigmoidoscopy-SCG, on the other hand, detected colon cancer in 114 patients (5.7%) and colon polyps in 658 patients (32.8%). The rates of detection of colon cancers and polyps were higher in the patients who tested positive in immunological fecal examinations for occult blood. Judging from our results, it may be said that for many patients receiving thorough physical checkups to screen for colon cancer, our system will provide for efficient screening whereby patients are first examined for fecal occult blood and those who test positive undergo sigmoidoscopy and SCG within the same day.
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PMID:[Utility of SCG (screening colonography) and combined sigmoidoscopy-SCG in thorough physical checkups]. 140 Sep 8


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