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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peripheral blood lymphocytes and the various lymphocyte fractions from patients with cancer of the colon were cultivated with target cells (P-4788) derived from the colon cancer. Changes in the surface ultrastructure during tumor cell destruction were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). P-4788 cells adhering to the coverslip showed various surface activity. The surfaces of some cells were relatively flat; others were smooth or had fine granules. Still other cells were villous, round or had marked blebs. When host lymphocytes were added to the target cells, adhesion of the two cell groups began by many fine projections. After incubation for 6 h, some lymphocytes had adhered to the target cells. Many lymphocytes had adhered to the target tumor cells by 24--48 h incubation. Ultimately the tumor cells became swollen and disrupted. Most lymphocytes adherent to the target cells had few microvilli. Lymphocytes after elimination of phagocytes by carbonyl iron treatment also adhered readily. Some target cells showed adhesion with lymphocytes passed through nylon-wool columns, although the number of lymphocytes adhering was fewer than in the case of lymphocytes not passed through nylon-wool columns. T cells were collected from lymphocytes that form rosettes with SRBC by isolation with NH4Cl. They had markedly elongated microvilli which in places were sparsely scattered and tended to be localized on the side, a finding which suggests loss of cell activity by the time of SEM. Only a few T cells adhered to target cells and they seemed to be T cells without activity. It was thought that there are cytotoxic cells among T cells and that the co-existence of T cells, non-T cells and monocytes caused target cell destruction.
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PMID:Scanning electron microscopy of interaction of peripheral blood lymphocytes from colonic cancer patients with human colonic cancer-derived cells; P-4788. 16 68

Intake of bulk vegetable material has diminished in the western countries considerably since the beginning of industrialisation. Lack of bulk substances is being held responsible lately for the increase of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. It has been shown, that bulk materials increased stool weight and decreased gastrointestinal passage time; it is assumed, that they do have beneficial effects in the treatment of diverticulosis of the colon. It is still controversial, how bulk materials influence mineral metabolism, especially intestinal resorption of iron, calcium and other bivalent cations. Hypocholesterinemic effects of lignin and pectin, which form part of vegetable bulk food, are as yet not well defined. The question is still open, if bulk foods do have prophylactic effects in regard to carcinoma of the colon.
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PMID:[Bulk vegetable material in human nutrition (author's transl)]. 23 39

The experience of a professorial unit over a four-year period of carcinoma of the colon and rectum is described. The high incidence of anaemia in lesions proximal to the splenic flexure is shown. The distressing misdiagnosis of the cause of this anaemia is pointed out, and the consequent misuse of haematinics in the form of blood transfusion, iron and vitamin B12 is shown.
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PMID:Anaemia in the elderly: caveat caecum. 105 85

The histologic nature of the bright ring ("peritumoral edema") around some liver metastases on T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images is controversial. In the case reported, particles of the iron oxide contrast agent AMI-25 are retained in the peritumoral zone of a colon cancer metastasis, causing the bright ring to disappear. The location of iron particles in resected specimens could be used systematically to study peritumoral edema.
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PMID:Accumulation of iron oxide particles around liver metastases during MR imaging. 155 15

Surgical specimens from 2 patients with chronic ulcerative colitis accompanied with colon cancer were evaluated by immunoperoxidative staining using monoclonal antibodies A7 (against human colon cancer), S202 (against human gastric cancer), and anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The three monoclonal antibodies were reactive with cancerous tissue, anti-CEA antibody and monoclonal antibody S202 reacted with dysplasia tissues, whereas monoclonal antibody A7 did not. Using high-iron diamine technique for mucosubstances (sialomucin and sulfomucin), cancer and dysplasia showed no secretory elements. Surrounding mucosa showed both sialomucin and sulfomucin secretion.
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PMID:[Two cases of ulcerative colitis with colon cancer: immunoperoxidase staining using monoclonal antibodies against gastrointestinal tumor and mucin staining]. 169 18

This hypothesis paper reviews diverse evidence suggesting that intracolonic production of oxygen radicals may play a role in carcinogenesis. The hypothesis began to evolve when the author made the chance discovery that 1/10,000 dilutions of feces generated detectable quantities of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals (HO.). The rate of HO. formation, detected using DMSO as a molecular probe, was quite remarkable, corresponding to that which would be produced by over 10,000 rads of gamma irradiation per day, absorbed in the periphery of the fecal mass adjacent to the mucosa. The relatively high concentrations of iron in feces, together with the ability of bile pigments to act as iron chelators that support Fenton chemistry, may very well permit efficient HO. generation from superoxide and hydrogen peroxide produced by bacterial metabolism. Such free radical generation in feces could provide a missing link in our understanding of the etiology of colon cancer: the oxidation of procarcinogens either by fecal HO., or by secondary peroxyl radicals (ROO.) to form active carcinogens or mitogenic tumor promotors. Intracolonic free radical formation may explain the high incidence of cancer in the colon and rectum, compared to other regions of the GI tract, as well as the observed correlations of a higher incidence of colon cancer with red meat in the diet, which increases stool iron, and with excessive fat in the diet, which may increase the fecal content of procarcinogens and bile pigments.
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PMID:Free radicals and the etiology of colon cancer. 218 44

A lectin reactivity specific to human bowel carcinoma is reported. Twenty-six cases of carcinoma of the large intestine were examined. Normal as well as transitional mucosa and carcinoma tissues were removed from surgical specimens, and paraffin sections were stained with a battery of histochemical methods to characterize glycoconjugates, including high iron diamine-Alcian blue pH 2.5, modified PAS reaction to detect various sialic acids, paradoxical concanavalin A (Con A) staining, and stainings with 10 species of lectins labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Among the techniques employed, only Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin-II (GS-II, specific to glucosamine)-HRP staining revealed highly selective affinity to the carcinoma tissues; the apical surface of the carcinoma cells stained most intensely. GS-II reactivity of the cells persisted after prior periodate oxidation, but was significantly enhanced by neuraminidase digestion. Comparison with two other lectin stainings with the same sugar specificity, viz. paradoxical concanavalin A staining and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-HRP staining, showed that the GS-II reactive sites lacked class III Con A reactivity but were possibly included in WGA reactive sites. The GS-II-HRP staining should be helpful in the identification of carcinoma tissue and for analysis of carcinoma-associated antigens.
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PMID:Large bowel carcinoma-specific antigens detected by the lectin, Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin-II. 241 1

A case-control study was carried out in the populations of two Belgian provinces that differed in food consumption habits, particularly fat intake. There were 453 colonic and 365 rectal cancer cases and 2,851 population controls. There were no significant differences in the average intake of the major nutrients, with the exception of carbohydrates; patients had a larger intake, limited to oligosaccharides. In both provinces, in males and females having cancer of the colon or the rectum, the intake of linoleic acid was lower than among controls; for dietary fibers, a smaller intake was observed among patients in one province. The relative risks were computed for four levels of daily intake of each nutrient. A positive trend was found for oligosaccharides in all subgroups, and a negative trend was found for polysaccharides, the latter for colon cancer patients only. There was a constant and significant negative trend for linoleic acid, with a similar negative trend for dietary fiber. None of these trends were affected by further adjustment for total calorie intake. For several vitamins and minerals, less marked, less constant effects were observed. They tended to be negative for vitamin B1, vitamin B6, and iron; they were positive for retinol and vitamin B2.
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PMID:Colorectal cancer and the intake of nutrients: oligosaccharides are a risk factor, fats are not. A case-control study in Belgium. 282 39

Mortality during the years 1947 to 1983 was studied in 3,444 men employed for at least 3 months in Minnesota taconite mining operations during the years 1947 to 1958. During 86,307 person-years of observation, there were 801 deaths for a standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of 88 (US white male rates) or 98 (Minnesota rates). The 41 deaths from respiratory cancer were fewer than expected, the SMR being 61 (P less than or equal to .01) (US rates) and 85 (Minnesota rates). There were 25 respiratory cancers 20 or more years after first taconite employment, for an SMR of 57 (P less than or equal to .01) (US rates). SMRs for colon cancer, kidney cancer, and lymphopoietic cancer were elevated, but below the level of statistical significance. There was one death from pleural mesothelioma, 11 years after first taconite employment, in a man with long prior employment as a locomotive operator. The pattern of deaths did not suggest asbestos-related disease in taconite miners and millers.
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PMID:Mortality of workers in two Minnesota taconite mining and milling operations. 283 50

Dietary fibers may tend to enhance or inhibit chemically induced experimental colon cancer, depending on the particular fiber consumed. This study examined the relationship between colonic thymidine kinase enzyme activity and mucin histochemistry and the reported effects of various dietary fibers on chemically induced colon carcinogenesis. Fiber-supplemented diets containing fibers reported to inhibit (wheat bran) or enhance (guar gum, carrageenan) chemically induced colon carcinogenesis in the rat were selected. Four groups of male Fischer 344 rats consumed 10% wheat bran, 5% guar gum, 5% carrageenan, or fiber-free diets ad libitum for 4 weeks. At the completion of the treatment period, the distal 12 cm of colonic mucosa was scraped off and homogenized for determination of thymidine kinase activity, and a 0.5-cm section of midcolon was processed by the high-iron diamine/Alcian blue method for mucin histochemistry. Final animal weights did not differ significantly among groups. Thymidine kinase enzyme specific activity (mumole thymidine phosphate formed x 10(6)/min/mg protein, means +/- SEMs) was not significantly different in the fiber-free, wheat bran, and guar gum groups (10.98 +/- 1.50, 7.41 +/- 1.09, and 9.11 +/- 2.04, respectively) but was markedly elevated at 41.84 +/- 4.65 in the carrageenan group (alpha less than 0.001). Mucin histochemistry failed to reveal any significant differences among dietary groups.
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PMID:Alterations in colonic thymidine kinase enzyme activity induced by consumption of various dietary fibers. 284 79


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