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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study was to compare the immunophenotype of the human colon cancer cell line HT29 tumour deposits in the lung which occurred spontaneously after subcutaneous implantation with those which arose after intravenous injection into severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice. Irrespective of the route of implantation the colon cancer cells were readily observed in the lungs of the scid mice. Similar patterns of immunoreactivity for the proliferative markers (MiB-1, PCNA), and for the tumour suppressor gene (p53) were detected in both groups, and for carcinoembryonic antigen, with only minor quantitative differences in levels of marker expression. Whereas the marker CD44 variant 6 gave very little reaction after either route, cytokeratin expression varied amongst the different cytokeratins (CK 7, 18 or 20), and with the route of implantation. CA125 and E-cadherin were weakly expressed after intravenous injection, but generally not after subcutaneous implantation. Vimentin was not demonstrated in any of the specimens examined. In general, the expression of proliferative markers, and of oncogenes, appears to be independent of the implantation route, whilst expression of cell adhesion molecules can be dependent on the route of implantation.
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PMID:Immunophenotype of human HT29 colon cancer cell metastases in the lungs of scid mice: spontaneous versus artificial metastases. 956 Oct 26

Liver metastases from colorectal cancer easily invade the Glisson's triad and sometimes have intrabiliary tumor growth. This behavior is by no means rare, and causes the cut end of the Glisson's triad to be positive for cancer. We report here a 72-year-old Japanese man with a medical history of ascending colon cancer in whom enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a low-density mass in the caudate lobe of the liver and dilatation of the peripheral intrahepatic bile duct. He underwent right hemihepatectomy and caudate lobectomy. The resected specimen showed a polypoid tumor in the bile duct lumen, with minimal invasion of the liver parenchyma; the tumor was similar to cholangio-carcinoma. Histological findings proved it to be well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Immunochemically, the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK) 20, but negative for CK7, and we finally diagnosed him with intrabiliary polypoid growth of liver metastasis from colonic cancer. For complete surgical resection, it is very important to diagnose intrabiliary tumor growth. However, we could not diagnose it preoperatively in spite of the CT detecting an intrabiliary polypoid tumor, because the CT revealed no extrabiliary tumors in the liver parenchyma. We have to pay attention to the fact that CT rarely demonstrates only intrabiliary growth without extrabiliary tumors.
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PMID:Intrabiliary polypoid growth of liver metastasis from colonic adenocarcinoma with minimal invasion of the liver parenchyma. 1476 39

A 75-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of liver metastases from colon cancer. He underwent right hemicolectomy for cecal cancer eight years ago, and had a metastatic liver tumor in segment 8 (S8), which was surgically resected about 4 years after the initial operation. Histopathological examination of the resected specimens from both operations revealed a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma with mucinous carcinoma. Four months after the second operation, computed tomography demonstrated a low-density lesion at the cut surface of the remnant liver. Although it was considered to be a postoperative collection of inflammatory fluid, it formed a cystic configuration and increased in size to approximately 5 cm in diameter. With a tentative diagnosis of a recurrence of metastatic cancer, partial hepatectomy of S8 was performed. Histological examination of the resected specimens also revealed mucinous adenocarcinoma, which had invaded into the biliary ducts, replacing and extending along its epithelium. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK) 20, but negative for CK7. Therefore, the tumor was diagnosed as a metastatic adenocarcinoma from colonic cancer. Liver metastases of colorectal adenocarcinoma sometimes invade the Glisson's triad and grow along the biliary ducts.
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PMID:A case of mucin producing liver metastases with intrabiliary extension. 1693 83

Invasive micropapillary carcinoma has recently been reported in various anatomic sites. In this article, we report a case of micropapillary carcinoma of the sigmoid colon. A 70-year-old Japanese woman presented with bloody stool for 2 months. Detailed examination disclosed ulcerative and localized tumor in the sigmoid colon. Histological examination of the colon tumor showed a combination of conventional adenocarcinoma (60%) and micropapillary carcinoma (40%). Immunohistochemically, micropapillary carcinoma cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK) 20, carcinoembryonic antigen, and CA125, but negative for CK7, thyroid transcription factor-1, surfactant apoprotein A, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor. Additionally, the immunohistochemistry of epithelial membrane antigen revealed reverse polarity of neoplastic cells. Results of conventional adenocarcinoma were basically identical to those of micropapillary carcinoma. In the stroma of both conventional adenocarcinoma and micropapillary carcinoma, many myofibroblasts were present and CD34-positive stromal cells were absent. Finally, we report the fourth case of micropapillary carcinoma arising in the colon. Immunohistochemical results of CK7(-)/CK20(+) strongly suggest the colon as a primary site of micropapillary carcinoma. Additionally, micropapillary carcinoma of the colon may cause a similar stromal reaction to conventional adenocarcinoma of the colon.
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PMID:Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the colon: an immunohistochemical study. 1808 84

Carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP), which accounts for about 3-5% of all new cancers, is a challenging heterogeneous entity with an unmet research need. Traditionally, CUP has been managed with broad-spectrum chemotherapy, but with the increasing availability of sophisticated diagnostic techniques and the emergence of new treatments that have been shown to be effective in specific cancers the one-treatment-fits-all approach to CUP might eventually no longer be valid. CUP in association with a colon-cancer profile (CCP-CUP) is an example of an emerging, specific CUP subset that seems to benefit from a tailored approach. CCP-CUP is identified by CK20 and CDX2-positive and CK7-negative immunohistochemistry and a clinical course consistent with that of patients known to have metastatic colon cancer. Our findings suggest that patients with CCP-CUP derive substantial benefit from the use of specific treatments developed for colon cancer and larger clinical trials are warranted to more definitely test this finding. In the era of molecular profiling, we expect that additional work with CCP-CUP and other CUP subsets will provide attractive tailored treatment alternatives, with efficacies that exceed the current one-treatment-fits-all approach.
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PMID:Carcinoma of unknown primary with a colon-cancer profile-changing paradigm and emerging definitions. 1851 Sep 91

This paper reports a rare case of rectosigmoid colon carcinoma metastasizing to anal fistula. The patient is a 57-year old man with a 7-year history of a fistula in ano. Colonoscopy revealed a rectosigmoid carcinoma. He underwent high-anterior resection. Two years and 3 months later, a subcutaneous tumor was found at the external opening of fistula. Trans perineal tumor excision plus fistulectomy was performed. Pathology revealed that the colon cancer and the perianal tumor were both moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Many reports support the concept of tumor cell implantation in mucosa that have been altered or denuded by various factors. Sixteen reports could be found of implantation metastasis of colorectal cancer into anal fistula. In diagnosis, it is important to differentiate implantation of colorectal cancer in anal fistula from primary anal fistular adenocarcinoma. The histology of the perianal tumor in this patient closely resembles the tumor of the colon. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry for cytokeratins 7 and 20 was performed on tissues to distinguish colorectal adenocarcinoma from anal gland carcinoma. Both colorectal cancer and perianal tumor showed CK7-/CK20+.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma of the rectosigmoid colon seeding into pre-existing anal fistula. 1870 5

Undifferentiated or medullary carcinoma is characterized by its distinct histologic appearance and relatively better prognosis compared to poorly differentiated colonic carcinoma. These 2 entities may be difficult to differentiate by light microscopy alone. Only limited immunohistochemical studies investigating medullary carcinoma have been reported. These studies suggest a loss of intestinal differentiation, exemplified by a high percentage of CDX2 negativity. Our aim was to further characterize the immunohistochemical profile of medullary carcinoma, with particular emphasis on intestinal markers. Paraffin blocks from 16 cases of medullary carcinoma and 33 cases of poorly differentiated colonic carcinoma were retrieved, and tissue microarrays were constructed and stained with an immunohistochemical panel including CDX2, CK7, CK20, p53, intestinal trefoil factor 3, chromogranin, synaptophysin, MLH-1, MUC-1, MUC-2, and calretinin. A significantly higher proportion of medullary carcinomas, as opposed to poorly differentiated colonic carcinomas, showed loss of staining for MLH-1 and for the intestinal transcription factor CDX2, in accordance with previous studies. MLH-1 staining was present in only 21% of medullary carcinoma cases compared with 60% of the poorly differentiated colonic carcinoma cases (P = .02), whereas CDX2 was positive in 19% of medullary carcinomas and 55% of poorly differentiated colonic carcinomas (P = .03). Interestingly, calretinin staining was strongly positive in 73% of medullary carcinomas compared to only 12% of poorly differentiated colonic carcinomas (P < .0001). Evidence of intestinal differentiation by MUC-1, MUC-2, and TFF-3 staining was seen in 67%, 60%, and 53% of the medullary carcinomas, respectively. These 3 markers were frequently positive in many of the CDX2-negative medullary carcinoma cases. Medullary carcinoma of the colon retains a significant degree of intestinal differentiation as evidenced by its high percentage of staining for MUC-1, MUC-2, and TFF-3. Calretinin, MLH-1, and CDX2 may help to differentiate medullary carcinoma from poorly differentiated colonic carcinoma of the colon.
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PMID:Differentiating the undifferentiated: immunohistochemical profile of medullary carcinoma of the colon with an emphasis on intestinal differentiation. 1899 17

Metastases to endometrium are a rare event. A case of a 53-year-old woman with a previous colon cancer presenting with a dysfunctional uterine bleeding is reported. The curettage specimens consisted of multiple fragments of proliferative endometrial tissue mixed with irregular glands, focally amputated, lined by very cells with elongated, hyperchromatic nuclei and solid sheets of neoplastic cells often filled with necrotic debris and inflammatory cells, resembling endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Neoplastic cells resulted positive at immunohistochemical reaction for CK20, CDX2, p53 and negative for CK7, vimentin, ER, and PR suggesting a metastatic colon adenocarcinoma. Absence of premalignant changes, such as hyperplasia, besides frankly malignant glands in an endometrial curette should be regarded as an alarming feature for a secondary nature mostly from large bowel. In these cases clinical history is crucial and an immunohistochemical panel made up of CK7, CK20, CDX2, p53, vimentin, ER, and PR is useful for the correct diagnosis.
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PMID:Colonic carcinoma metastatic to the endometrium: the importance of clinical history in averting misdiagnosis as a primary endometrial carcinoma. 1944 68

A 47-year-old woman suddenly developed abdominal pain and visited the emergency room of our hospital. Chest and abdominal CT scan revealed free air in the abdominal cavity and a bulky pulmonary tumor in the right middle lobe. The perforated sigmoid colon was removed in an emergency operation. Histological examination of the resected tissue revealed undifferentiated carcinoma, but the histological differentiation could not be determined. We used immunohistochemical staining to distinguish primary non-small cell lung cancer from colon cancer; the resected tumor was positive for TTF-1 and CK7, but negative for CK20. Therefore, by using immunohistochemical staining we could diagnose the tumor of the large intestine as metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer. After the operation, systemic chemotherapy with carboplatin and docetaxel was repeated, but the lung tumor did not regress and the patient died. Autopsy examination confirmed the histology of the lung tumor as pleomorphic carcinoma. Morphological characteristics and the immunohistochemical staining pattern of the pulmonary tumor were consistent with that of the colon tumor. In Japan, this is the first report in which the initial manifestation of lung cancer was perforation of the large intestine due to metastasis.
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PMID:[Pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung with uncommon initial manifestation of intestinal perforation]. 1960 28

We report a male patient with double advanced tumors in the jejunum and descending colon and multiple lung tumors. The intestinal cancers were surgically resected. Immunoprofiling of the specimens revealed a rare phenotype: the jejunal cancer was positive for cytokeratin (CK) 7, partially positive for CK20, and Cdx-2-negative, whereas the colon cancer was CK7(+), CK20(-), and Cdx-2(-). Biopsied lung tumor was diagnosed as tubular adenocarcinoma, and CK7(+)/CK20(+)/Cdx-2(-). Together with clinical information, we deduced that the jejunal adenocarcinoma had presumably metastasized to the lung. Moreover, postoperative oxaliplatin, including chemotherapy, significantly reduced the lung metastases, suggesting that this regimen is a promising treatment option for advanced small bowel adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Double primary adenocarcinomas of the jejunum and descending colon with lung metastases presenting rare immunohistochemical phenotypes: a case report. 1992 97


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