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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between March 1984 and July 1988, 1,158 patients with Dukes' A, B, and C carcinoma of the colon were entered into National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) Protocol C-02. Patients were randomized to either no further treatment following curative resection or to postoperative fluorouracil (5-FU) and heparin administered via the portal vein. Therapy began on day of operation and consisted of constant infusion for 7 successive day. Average time on study was 41.8 months. A comparison between the two groups of patients indicated both an improvement in disease-free survival (74% v 64% at 4 years, overall P = .02) and a survival advantage (81% v 73% at 4 years, overall P = .07) in favor of the chemotherapy-treated group. When compared with the treated group, patients who received no further treatment had 1.26 times the risk of developing a treatment failure and 1.25 times the likelihood of dying after 4 years. Particularly significant was the failure to demonstrate an advantage from 5-FU in decreasing the incidence of hepatic metastases. The liver was the first site of treatment failure in 32.9% of 82 patients with documented recurrences in the control group and in 46.3% of 67 patients who received additional treatment. Therapy is administered via a regional route to affect the incidence of recurrence within the perfused anatomic boundary. Since, in this study, adjuvant portal-vein 5-FU infusion failed to reduce the incidence of hepatic metastases, it may be concluded that its use thus far is not justified. It may also be speculated that the disease-free survival and survival advantages (the latter of borderline significance) are a result of the systemic effects of 5-FU.
J Clin Oncol 1990 Sep
PMID:Adjuvant therapy of Dukes' A, B, and C adenocarcinoma of the colon with portal-vein fluorouracil hepatic infusion: preliminary results of National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Protocol C-02. 239 56

The effects of neurotensin on the incidence, number, size, and histology of colon tumours induced by azoxymethane (AOM) were investigated in Wistar rats. Rats were given 10 weekly injections of AOM (7.4 mg kg-1 body weight) and were also given 200 micrograms kg-1 of neurotensin in depot form every other day until the end of the experiment. In week 40, prolonged alternate-day administration of neurotensin resulted in significant increases in the number and size of colon tumours and the incidence of adenocarcinomas penetrating muscle layer and deeper. However, neurotensin did not influence the incidence of tumour-bearing rats and the histological appearance of colon tumours. Administration of neurotensin caused a significant increase in the labelling index of the colon cancers but not that of colon mucosa. These findings indicate that neurotensin enhanced the growth of colon tumours, possibly related to its effect in increasing proliferation of colon cancer cells.
Br J Cancer 1990 Sep
PMID:Enhancement by neurotensin of experimental carcinogenesis induced in rat colon by azoxymethane. 220 44

Quinine, the widely used antimalaria agent, was found to increase the cytotoxicity of epideoxorubicin (epiDXR) in resistant DHD/K12 rat colon cancer cells in vitro. Quinine appeared as slightly less effective than quinidine or verapamil for anthracycline potentiation but its weaker cardiotoxicity could counterbalance this disadvantage in vivo. Serum from six patients treated by conventional doses of quinine (25-30 mg kg-1 day-1) was demonstrated to enhance the accumulation of epiDXR in DHD/K12 cells as judged by fluorescence microscopy and HPLC assay (1.6 to 6-fold compared with control serum). In this patients quinine concentrations in serum ranged from 4.4 to 10.1 micrograms ml-1. Our results suggest that quinine could be safely used as anthracycline resistance modifier in clinical practice.
Br J Cancer 1990 Sep
PMID:Potential usefulness of quinine to circumvent the anthracycline resistance in clinical practice. 220 48

A total of 213 patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum were examined to detect liver metastases. The study compared preoperative ultrasonography and inspection and palpation of the liver during surgery with intraoperative ultrasonography. Preoperative ultrasonography, inspection and palpation identified 238 metastases in 42 patients. Intraoperative ultrasonography detected 116 previously unrecognized metastatic tumours during 40 surgical procedures (P less than 0.01). High resolution intraoperative ultrasonography is safe and more accurate than preoperative imaging and surgical exploratory methods. The examination is simple to perform and success appears to be related to careful attention to detail.
Br J Surg 1990 Sep
PMID:Intraoperative ultrasonography and the detection of liver metastases in patients with colorectal cancer. 220 93

We evaluated the influence of age and sex on rectal cell proliferation of 69 hospital controls and 66 patients with colorectal adenomas, by means of incubation of rectal biopsies with tritiated thymidine and autoradiography. In particular, we evaluated the labeling frequency in the upper 40% of rectal crypts (0 h), actually considered as a reliable kinetic marker of colon cancer risk. A direct correlation between 0h and age was found in control subjects (P less than 0.02) but not in adenomas patients (P = NS). Moreover, control subjects over 65 years of age showed a shift of the proliferative compartment similar to that observed in the adenomas group. After adjusting for the age, we did not observe any significant effect of the sex of patients or controls on their cell kinetics parameters. Our results are in agreement with those previously reported on smaller series and with epidemiological studies which indicate a high risk for developing colorectal neoplasia in the elderly subjects.
Cancer Lett 1990 Sep
PMID:Effect of sex and age on rectal cell renewal in humans. 220 70

Previous studies have shown the presence of increased proliferation in the large bowel epithelium of those at high risk of developing colon cancer. An in vitro technique for labelling large bowel mucosa with the thymidine analogue bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) was therefore developed and its ability to distinguish differences in mucosal proliferation between subjects with colorectal adenomas and normal controls was assessed. Sigmoid biopsy specimens from 15 subjects with polyps and 15 age and sex matched controls were labelled and the incorporated Brdu visualised with an immunohistochemical technique. Mean labelling index (LI) was significantly higher in those with polyps than in controls. Differences in the pattern of labelling in colonic crypts were compared by the generation of cumulative labelling distributions. Analysis showed a significant expansion of the proliferative compartment in the colon crypts of those with polyps. It is concluded that in vitro labelling with Brdu provides a useful method for the assessment of mucosal proliferation in subjects at high risk of developing colon cancer.
J Clin Pathol 1990 Sep
PMID:Immunohistochemical detection of abnormal cell proliferation in colonic mucosa of subjects with polyps. 221 66

We have previously demonstrated trophic effects of gastrin on mouse colon cancer (MC-26) cells, in vivo, and demonstrated the presence of gastrin receptors (GR) on these cells. The cellular and intracellular mechanism by which gastrin expresses trophic effects on colon cancer cells is, however, as yet unknown. For us to start investigating the possible mechanisms involved, it was important that we first develop an in vitro model, in which gastrin expresses its trophic effects directly on the MC-26 cells. The growth-promoting effects of gastrin on the MC-26 cells were examined in various in vitro culture models, in terms of [3H]thymidine incorporation and cell number. A significant trophic effect of gastrin could be demonstrated on quiescent cells in culture, in the absence of serum. The optimal cell-culture conditions for observing trophic effects of gastrin were defined and included a 24-h period of rapid growth of MC-26 cells in serum-supplemented normal growth medium, followed by a 24-h period of culture in serum-free medium containing an optimal dose (1.0 mM) of thymidine, to achieve growth-arrest of the cells. Addition of gastrin (0.5 to 25 nM) to the quiescent, growth-arrested cells resulted in significant dose-dependent increases in both the incorporation of [3H]thymidine uptake by the cells, and a significant increase in cell number. The concentration of GR on the growth-arrested quiescent MC-26 cells in culture was significantly increased compared to the GR concentration on the control, asynchronized cells. The increased presence of GR on the growth-arrested, synchronized MC-26 cells may have allowed us to observe a significant trophic effect of gastrin on the MC-26 cells, in vitro itself. To determine if gastrin was functioning as an autocrine growth factor for MC-26 cells, we examined the effect of gastrin antibodies on the growth of MC-26 cells; no significant effect of the antigastrin IgG on the growth of MC-26 cells was observed.
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 1990 Sep
PMID:Growth-promoting effects of gastrin on mouse colon cancer cells in vitro: absence of autocrine effects. 222 4

Reported is a case of a suprapapillary primary early duodenal cancer in a 50 year old male patient who had had a hemicolectomy 15 years earlier for a colon cancer. The patient had undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy during a mass screening for abnormalities in the gastro-intestinal tract, and a slightly depressed lesion of the IIa + IIc type, 25 x 20 mm in diameter, was discovered accidentally at the superior duodenal flexure. The subsequent biopsy revealed a well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. Thus, the patient underwent a subtotal gastrectomy and a partial duodenectomy with a lymph node dissection. The histology of the resected specimen was the same as that of the biopsy, but only the mucosa was involved. Adenomatous lesions of the colon are known to occasionally accompany upper gastro-intestinal tumor, so that periodic gastro-intestinal scrutiny follow-ups are mandatory.
Gan No Rinsho 1990 Sep
PMID:[A case of primary early duodenal cancer]. 223 73

The authors draw attention to the high incidence of carcinoma of the large intestine in conjunction with cholecystectomy. The increased incidence of this disease was observed in patients after cholecystectomy (17.69%). The authors processed data from a group of 260 patients with colorectal carcinoma during the ten-year period from 1979 to 1988, in 46 with cholelithiasis during previous period cholecystectomy was performed, i.e. in 17.69%. It is assumed that the stimulating effect in carcinogenesis of the large intestine are changes in the bile acid metabolism occurring after cholecystectomy. Hitherto valid indications for cholecystectomy do not change, however, but make us consider these relationships in clinical practice and call for further analyses.
Rozhl Chir 1990 Sep
PMID:[Carcinoma of the large intestine and cholecystectomy]. 225 99

This study presents the main epidemiologic features of general, site and age-specific, and premature mortality due to digestive cancer in Barcelona residents in the 1983-87 period, selecting death certificates where digestive cancer was coded as the primary cause of death (codes 150 to 159 of the ICD-9). Eight percent (6,269) of all deaths were due to malignant neoplasms of the digestive system, representing 30.3% of all deaths due to neoplasms. The main contribution was due to gastric cancer (18.8 cases per 100,000) and colon cancer (17.2 per 100,000), followed by rectal cancer (8.8 per 100,000) and pancreatic cancer (8.7 per 100,000). The annual increase in colon cancer among women--where it is the main digestive cancer site was statistically significant. Premature deaths due to digestive cancer yielded 3.5 years of potential life lost per 1,000 people (21.8% of all premature cancer deaths). In men, most cases of these premature deaths were due to gastric cancer (24.3%), while in women premature deaths were more often due to colon cancer (25.3%). Excess mortality due to esophagus, stomach and liver cancer was observed in Ciutat Vella, the most socioeconomically deprived district in Barcelona.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig 1990 Sep
PMID:[Digestive cancer mortality in a Mediterranean urban area (Barcelona, 1983-1987)]. 227 35


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