Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Leukocyte adherence inhibition-cell mediated immunity (LAI-CMI) studies were performed on leukocytes obtained from patients with various stages of breast cancer, colon carcinoma and lung cancer in order to monitor cell mediated immunity during tumor progression. In the presence of autologous serum, all patients with localized tumors showed positive LAI-CMI indexes (greater than 20%), while significant reduction of homologous tumor antigen recognition as measured by the LAI-CMI responses was observed in nearly all patients with Stage IV breast cancer, Duke C colon cancer and Stage III lung cancer. On substituting autologous serum with normal AB serum, leukocytes from patients with large tumor burdens responded to homologous tumor antigens. These results indicate the existence of organ-specific serum factor(s) which may mask the receptor sites on effector cells for tumor recognition. Patients with such serum blocking factor(s) showed significant increase of IgG immune complexes IgM, IgA and alpha-2-macroglobulins. Application of a protein A affinity column purification resulted in a major reduction of IgG and other immune globulins but not of alpha-2-macroglobulin. The blocking effects of autologous serum, however, were not completely abrogated by filtration on the protein A column, thus suggesting that SBF may be heterogeneous in nature and may occur in other serum protein fractions beside the immune globulins.
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PMID:Effector lymphocyte response to homologous tumor antigens in various stages of malignant disease as monitored by leukocyte adherence inhibition--cell mediated immunity (LAI-CMI). 328 Apr 78

The P component of amyloid is a normal serum protein designated SAP. SAP has substantial homology with C-reactive protein (CRP). However, unlike CRP, SAP is not an acute-phase reactant in man. Recent studies have established SAP as a major acute-phase protein in mice. Moreover, mice which have received tumour implants have also been found to have raised serum concentrations of SAP. The aim of the present study was to determine possible association between the serum level of SAP and human cancer. We found that patients with carcinoma of the breast have significantly increased serum concentrations of SAP. Moreover, in these patients SAP levels correlated with the severity of the disease. Patients with carcinoma of the colon, however, did not differ from healthy individuals in the serum level of SAP. Possible explanations for this discrepancy are discussed.
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PMID:Serum amyloid P-component levels in patients with malignancy. 374 12

Plasma exchange was performed in patients with recurrent colon cancer with evaluable liver metastasis or abdominal tumor with dissemination. This therapy was undertaken a total of 19 times in 11 cases. The cases were divided into effective and ineffective cases according in terms of the clinical effects, and changes in blood parameters and prognosis were examined in each case. Subjective symptoms, such as increase in appetite and disappearance of general fatigue or pain, were remarkably improved in 6 cases, and these patients were allowed to be discharged from the hospital. Marked regression of hepatomegalia was observed in 2 cases out of these 6 cases, but no remarkable effect was noted in patients with abdominal dissemination. In the effective cases the following parameters were significantly improved; beta- and gamma-globulin of serum protein fractions, IgG, IgA and IgM of immunoglobulin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin, and transferrin. However, since these effects are temporal and short-lived, one must consider applying plasma exchange therapy in conjunction with anticancer drugs, and the like. Plasma exchange seems applicable to cases of colon cancer with metastasis in the liver, because this therapy showed improvement in clinical symptoms, decreased hepatomegaly and prolonged survival.
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PMID:[Clinical trials of plasma exchange therapy in patients with recurrent colon cancer]. 643 4

Selected biochemical parameters (serum protein, albumin, prealbumin, total retinol-binding protein, vitamins A and E, total carotenoids, and urinary urea and creatinine) were determined in healthy, free-living vegetarian and nonvegetarian subjects. The groups studied were composed of Seventh-day Adventist pure vegetarians, Seventh-day Adventist lacto-ovo vegetarians, Seventh-day Adventist nonvegetarians, and general population nonvegetarians. No values indicative of nutritional deficiencies were observed in any of the subjects. Serum carotenoid levels were significantly higher in Seventh-day Adventist pure vegetarians than in members of the other groups. Mean values for serum vitamin A showed no differences between the dietary groups, although 41% of general population nonvegetarian subjects (the group considered at highest risk for colon cancer) had serum vitamin A levels in the upper quartile of the distribution. From these data no conclusions can be drawn relating to the role of dietary habits as determinants of colon cancer risk.
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PMID:Diet, nutrition intake, and metabolism in populations at high and low risk for colon cancer. Selected biochemical parameters in blood and urine. 654 31

Fifty-two patients with resectable carcinoma of the colon and rectum have been monitored by three monthly serial estimations of three APRP (serum protein hexose, transferrin and ceruloplasmin) together with CEA. In 36 patients, subsequent clinical evidence of a recurrence of the disease developed during the study period. Monitoring with APRP can detect a recurrence of the disease at the subclinical stage in the majority of patients and appears to be complimentary to monitoring with CEA. However, due to the low incidence of surgical removal of recurrent carcinoma, this does not give real benefit for patients.
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PMID:Monitoring of patients with carcinoma of the large intestine by use of acute phase proteins and carcinoembryonic antigen. 685 57

The phenotypes and gene frequencies of three serum protein systems--Hp, GC and C3--were studied in 184 consecutive patients from all over Greece with colon cancer. Healthy Greeks studied previously in our department served as controls. No significant differences were found between patients and controls concerning GC and C3. Significant differences were found in the Hp system; the frequencies of the Hp*1 gene and the Hp 1-1 phenotype were significantly higher in patients than in controls.
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PMID:Serum protein markers (Hp, GC, C3) in patients with colon cancer. 851 30

Macromolecules accumulate in solid tumors and can thus be used as carriers for the delivery of attached contrast agents to tumors. We report the synthesis and use of serum protein-dye conjugates consisting of transferrin (Tf) or human serum albumin (HSA) and an indotricarbocyanine (ITCC) derivative as contrast agents for the optical imaging of tumors. The compounds were characterized with respect to their photophysical properties and tested in vitro for their ability to bind to tumor cells and in vivo for their potential to delineate experimental tumors. In contrast to HAS-ITTC, Tf-ITCC showed receptor-mediated uptake by HT29 human colon cancer cells in vitro. After intravenous injection into HT29 tumor-bearing nude mice both compounds induced increased fluorescence contrast of tumors in vivo. After 24 h the contrast between tumor and normal tissue was significantly higher for Tf-ITCC than for HAS-ITCC. Dye-induced fluorescence was found to be predominantly located in perinecrotic areas of the tumor. Furthermore, Tf-ITCC produced fluorescence of viable tumor cells, whereas HAS-ITCC fluorescence was recorded along connective tissue. We conclude that ITCC-labeled Tf and HSA can serve as macromolecular contrast agents for the optical imaging of tumors, with Tf-ITCC showing higher efficiency.
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PMID:Macromolecular contrast agents for optical imaging of tumors: comparison of indotricarbocyanine-labeled human serum albumin and transferrin. 1094 78

Monitoring changes in serum protein expression in response to acute events such as trauma, infection or drug intervention may reveal key proteins of great value in predicting recovery or treatment response. Concerted actions of many proteins are expected. Proteins sharing similar expression changes may function in the same physiological process. As a model we analyzed expression changes in serum of colon cancer patients, before, during, and after laparoscopic colon resection. Eight samples were taken from each of four patients before, during, and up to 5 days after surgery. Total serum and a low molecular weight fraction were analyzed by SELDI-TOF-MS. In total 146 masses were detected. A principal components analysis (PCA) illustrates the temporal variation in the postsurgery proteome. Time series for each mass could be clustered into four distinct groups based on similarity in expression pattern. Two masses of 11.4 and 11.6 kDa, part of a slow response cluster, were identified as forms of the acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA). Fourteen more proteins belong to this cluster and may also function in acute phase response. We present an approach to analyze temporal variation in the proteome. This approach may be useful to evaluate surgical, nutritional, and pharmacological interventions.
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PMID:Analyses of intricate kinetics of the serum proteome during and after colon surgery by protein expression time series. 1780 85

Although inflammatory cytokines and obesity-associated serum proteins have been reported as biomarkers of colorectal adenoma risk in humans, little is known of biomarkers of response to interventions that attenuate tumorigenesis. Dietary navy beans and their fractions attenuate colon carcinogenesis in carcinogen-induced genetically obese mice. We hypothesized that this attenuation would be associated with changes in inflammatory cytokines and obesity-related serum proteins that may serve as measures of efficacy. ob/ob mice (n = 160) were injected with the carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM) to induce colon cancer and randomly placed on one of four diets (control, whole navy bean, bean residue fraction, or bean extract fraction) for 26 to 28 wk. Serum was analyzed for 14 inflammation- or obesity-related proteins, and colon RNA was analyzed for expression of 84 inflammation-associated genes. Six of 14 serum proteins were increased [i.e., interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IFN gamma, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor] in hyperplastic/dysplastic stages of colon carcinogenesis. Bean-fed mice had significantly higher monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and lower IL-6 levels in serum. In colon mucosa, 55 of 84 inflammation-associated genes differed between AOM-induced and noninduced mice. Of the 55 AOM-induced genes, 5 were counteracted by bean diets, including IL-6 whose increase in expression levels was attenuated by bean diets in AOM-induced mice. In summary, IL-6 emerged as a serum protein that was increased in hyperplastic/dysplastic stages of colon carcinogenesis, but attenuated with bean-based diet in serum and colon mucosa. Changes in a subset of inflammation-associated serum proteins and colon gene expression may serve as response indicators of dietary attenuation of colon carcinogenesis.
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PMID:Inflammation-associated serum and colon markers as indicators of dietary attenuation of colon carcinogenesis in ob/ob mice. 1913 19

Previously, we have described a new modification of affinity chromatography columns for isolation of the cytoplasmic, soluble form of tumor-associated antigens (TAA) from the serum of colon cancer patients (Oncol Rep 2: 679-683, 1995). In this communication, we have shown that the main proteins of these TAA were p64 and p53. The correlation coefficient between each of these proteins and the total amount of TAA or total serum protein ranged from 0.55 to 0.93. The serum level of p53 antigen was shown to be related to the tumorigenicity: the correlation and regression coefficients between the serum level of p53 protein and the progress in colon cancer were 0.48 and 0.88, respectively, p<0.001. Therefore, the determination of serum concentration of this protein can serve as a screening tool for cancer detection. The serum level of p53 protein ranges between 0.24 to 0.94 mg/ml in patients with non cancer diseases, and between 1.0 to 2.0 mg/ml in patients with polyposis and in a high risk group, respectively, increases over 2.0 mg/ml in primary colon cancer patients and up to 5.0 mg/ml in cancer patients with metastases. The sensitivity and specificity of our method achieved 92% and 96%, respectively, and accuracy 88%. The presence of p53 protein in the cytoplasm of cells from patients with non cancer diseases may explain why p53 antigen is presented in their sera. Our method can be useful to detect cancer development either as a primary illness or as a recurrent disorder. It is possible to follow up patients with chronic diseases and to detect transformation of these diseases into cancer, or to follow up former cancer patients in order to detect as early as possible incidence of recurrent cancer. It should also be emphasized that our method allows the detection of patients with polyposis or those of high risk groups who exhibit a tendency to develop colon cancer.
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PMID:HPLC determination of serum levels of soluble p53 antigen as a new method for colon cancer detection, and its clinical implication. 2154 91


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