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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This review of corn oil provides a scientific assessment of the current knowledge of its contribution to the American diet. Refined corn oil is composed of 99% triacylglycerols with polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) 59%, monounsaturated fatty acid 24%, and saturated fatty acid (SFA) 13%. The PUFA is linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) primarily, with a small amount of linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) giving a n-6/n-3 ratio of 83. Corn oil contains a significant amount of ubiquinone and high amounts of alpha- and gamma-tocopherols (vitamin E) that protect it from oxidative rancidity. It has good sensory qualities for use as a salad and cooking oil. Corn oil is highly digestible and provides energy and essential fatty acids (EFA). Linoleic acid is a dietary essential that is necessary for integrity of the skin, cell membranes, the immune system, and for synthesis of icosanoids. Icosanoids are necessary for reproductive, cardiovascular, renal, and gastrointestinal functions and resistance to disease. Corn oil is a highly effective food oil for lowering serum cholesterol. Because of its low content of SFAs which raises cholesterol and its high content of PUFAs which lowers cholesterol, consumption of corn oil can replace SFAs with PUFAs, and the combination is more effective in lowering cholesterol than simple reduction of SFA. PUFA primarily lowers low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) which is atherogenic. Research shows that PUFA has little effect on high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) which is protective against atherosclerosis. PUFA generally improves the ratio of LDL-C to HDL-C. Studies in animals show that PUFA is required for the growth of cancers; the amount required is considered to be greater than that which satisfies the EFA requirement of the host. At this time there is no indication from epidemiological studies that PUFA intake is associated with increased risk of breast or colon cancer, which have been suggested to be promoted by high-fat diets in humans. Recommendations for minimum PUFA intake to prevent gross EFA deficiency are about 3% of energy (en%). Recommendations for prevention of heart disease are 8-10 en%. Consumption of PUFA in the United States is 5-7 en%. The use of corn oil to contribute to a PUFA intake of 10 en% in the diet would be beneficial to heart health. No single source of salad or cooking oil provides an optimum fatty acid (FA) composition. Many questions remain to be answered about the relation of FA composition of the diet to various physiological functions and disease processes.
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PMID:Food uses and health effects of corn oil. 225 33

Previous studies in our laboratory on the co-carcinogenic effect of the ingestion of an industrial carbon black (CB) on chemically induced colon cancer in rats and mice demonstrated no differences in tumor incidences attributable to CB feeding. The present study examined the effect of CB ingestion within the context of a high fat diet, formulated to simulate the typical diet of western industrialized nations. Corn oil was added to ground commercial chow at 20% by weight and CB added at 2.05 g/kg diet and fed for 52 weeks to female Sprague-Dawley rats. Colon tumors were induced with 16 weekly injections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH, 10 mg/kg body weight). Tumor incidences in DMH-treated rats ingesting CB were significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than in those with no CB added to the diet (76% vs. 60%). The survival of CB + DMH treated animals (64%) was also lower than that of animals treated with DMH and not ingesting CB (80%). These findings may implicate CB ingestion as a co-carcinogen for industrial workers when acting in synergism with high fat diets and other unknown colon carcinogens.
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PMID:Co-carcinogenic effect of carbon black ingestion with dietary fat on the development of colon tumors in rats. 278 1

Fatty acid composition of dietary fat is one of the detrimental factors in colon cancer development. Fats containing omega 6-polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g. corn oil) enhance and omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g. fish oil) reduce chemically-induced colon cancer in animal studies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of dietary mustard oil (containing omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acid) on azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in rats and compare with corn and fish oil treated groups. Colon tumor incidence and multiplicity were found to be 90, 75, and 50% and 1.7, 0.8, and 0.4 tumors/rat in corn, fish and mustard oil treated groups respectively. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels were highest in serum and colon microsomal fractions of the fish oil group followed by the mustard oil group. Corn oil group had the highest level of omega 6-polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in serum and colon microsomal fractions. The results indicate that dietary mustard oil is more effective in preventing colon cancer in rats than dietary fish oil.
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PMID:Chemopreventive effects of dietary mustard oil on colon tumor development. 1286 Feb 86