Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is still the most effective cytotoxic agent for the treatment of human colorectal cancer. Response rates, however, vary between 5-20%. One attempt to improve the effect of 5-FU is through biomodulation. We have previously found the somatostatin analogue, SMS 201.995 (Sandostatin, Sandoz), to inhibit both the in-vitro and in-vivo growth of some human colon cancer cell lines. It may act specifically by means of receptors on the surface of tumour cells, or by reducing the concentration of some growth factors. We report that, when 5-FU at 0.125 and 0.25 micrograms/ml was combined with SMS 201.995 at 10(-12) x 2 to 10(-8) x 2M, an enhanced inhibition of in-vitro growth of two human colorectal cancer cell lines (C170 and LIM 1215) was achieved. Effects were measured using [3H]-thymidine uptake and by a colorimetric assay of cellular respiration (MTT, Promega, Sydney). SMS 201.995 alone has minimal inhibitory effects, whilst 5-FU alone shows inhibition as low as 39.6% of control. When 5-FU was then combined with SMS 201.995, a 10-30% inhibition occurred compared to the 5-FU control. The combination of 5-FU and SMS 201.995 may be a useful method of improving response to human colorectal cancer therapy.
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PMID:SMS 201.995 (Sandostatin) enhances in-vitro effects of 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer. 785 48

There is much evidence of the antiproliferative activity of somatostatin (SS) and melatonin (Mel) upon the normal and neoplastic tissues. It has also been found, that both substances are able to alter, under certain conditions, apoptotic processes. Recently, it has been postulated that apoptosis plays a pivotal role in the control of tumour growth. So far, there is no data about the effect of SS analogue--octreotide (Sandostatin, SMS) and Mel on the apoptosis of colon cancer cells. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of SMS and Mel administered separately or together on apoptosis, bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and weight of tumours in the murine transplantable Colon 38 cancer. The male mice were implanted subcutaneously (s.c.) with a suspension of Colon 38 cells. After 6 days, the animals were subcutaneously injected with SMS, Mel, SMS and Mel together (once daily at 6-8 p.m., for 6 days). The incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrDU) into cell nuclei was used as an index of cell proliferation (labelling index-LI). The in situ labelling of nuclear DNA fragmentation according to TUNEL method was considered as an apoptotic index (AI). Given separately, both SMS and Mel significantly decreased the LI and increased the AI. However, we have not observed any additive effect of SMS and Mel on either BrDU incorporation or apoptosis. The mean AI in the group treated jointly with SMS and Mel was significantly lower than in groups treated separately with SMS or Mel. It was also found, that the proliferation/apoptosis ratio were significantly lower in the group treated with SMS or MEL, which means that the imbalance between these two processes changed in favour of cell death. Possibly, the observed antitumour effects of these two substances could be due to this alteration.
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PMID:Somatostatin analogue octreotide and melatonin inhibit bromodeoxyuridine incorporation into cell nuclei and enhance apoptosis in the transplantable murine colon 38 cancer. 985 48