Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The bioactive anthocyanins present in tart cherries, Prunus cerasus L. (Rosaceae) cv. Balaton, are cyanidin 3-glucosylrutinoside (1), cyanidin 3-rutinoside (2), and cyanidin 3-glucoside (3). Cyanidin (4) is the major anthocyanidin in tart cherries. In our continued evaluation of the in vivo and in vitro efficacy of these anthocyanins to prevent inflammation and colon cancer, we have added these compounds to McCoy's 5A medium in an effort to identify their degradation products during in vitro cell culture studies. This resulted in the isolation and characterization of protocatechuic acid (5), the predominant degradation product. In addition, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (6) and 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid (7) were identified as degradation products. However, these degradation products were not quantified. Compounds 5-7 were also identified as degradation products when anthocyanins were subjected to varying pH and thermal conditions. In cyclooxygenase (COX)-I and -II enzyme inhibitory assays, compounds 5-7 did not show significant activities when compared to the NSAIDs Naproxen, Celebrex, and Vioxx, or Ibuprofen, at 50 microM concentrations. However, at a test concentration of 50 microM, the antioxidant activity of protocatechuic acid (5) was comparable to those of the commercial antioxidants tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), and superior to that of vitamin E at 10 microM concentrations.
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PMID:Degradation products of cyanidin glycosides from tart cherries and their bioactivities. 1160 45

Selective inhibition of eicosanoid synthesis is thought to have effects on carcinogenesis in lung and colon cancer. However, it is still unknown whether pancreatic cancer might also be influenced. Therefore we evaluated the impact of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor Celebrex and selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor Zyflo on liver metastasis in a solid model of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Syrian hamster. In week 33, the animals were sacrificed and incidence of pancreatic carcinomas and number and size of liver metastases were determined. Activities of antioxidative enzymes (GSHPX/SOD) and concentrations of products of lipidperoxidation were measured in liver metastases and non-metastatic hepatic tissue. The incidence (54.5 vs. 100%), number (3.17 +/- 0.98 vs. 6.75 +/- 0.71) and size (2.67 +/- 1.97 vs. 11.75 +/- 1.98 mm2) of liver metastases were decreased by combined therapy of Zyflo and Celebrex (P < 0.05). Furthermore, activities of GSHPX ([73.77 +/- 5.67]*10(5) vs. [15.49 +/- 4.02]*10(5) U/mg prot.; P < 0.05) and SOD (474.92 +/- 108.8 vs. 127.89 +/- 38.75 U/mg prot.; P < 0.05) were increased, while lipidperoxidation (0.31 +/- 0.08 nmol/mg prot. vs. 1.54 +/- 0.55 nmol/mg prot.; P < 0.05) was decreased by combination therapy, in non-metastatic hepatic tissue. Moreover, combined therapy increased lipidperoxidation in liver metastases (0.47 +/- 0.09 vs. 1.95 +/- 0.12 nmol/mg prot.; P < 0.05). Thus, a combination of Celebrex and Zyflo might be a new concept to decrease tumour growth in liver metastases in advanced pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:Effects of Celebrex and Zyflo on liver metastasis and lipidperoxidation in pancreatic cancer in Syrian hamsters. 1255 73

The introduction of celecoxib (Celebrex, Figure 1; GD Searle and Co) as the first cyclooxygenase (COX)2 selective inhibitor in the US and the expected introduction of rofecoxib (Vioxx; Merck and Co Inc) as the first COX2 inhibitor with an acute pain indication, has prompted interest in this class of drugs as a possible therapeutic improvement on dual COX1/COX2 inhibitor NSAIDs, currently on the market. Recognition that the COX-2 enzyme may have a broader role than pain and inflammation has led to studies investigating the efficacy of COX-2 inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), stroke, cardiovascular disease and colon cancer. Speakers at the second annual conference sponsored by IBC, addressed issues ranging from the basic concepts of COX2 specificity versus selectivity, pathways and regulatory factors related to COX2 expression, the principles underlying the possible broad implications of the COX2 mechanisms, as well as summaries of recently completed clinical trials supporting the clinical efficacy and safety of COX2 inhibitors in humans. The timeliness of this meeting is emphasized by the recent approval of rofecoxib by the FDA Arthritis Advisory panel and the initial reports in the media of toxicity attributed to celecoxib. Preclinical and limited clinical data presented suggest possible therapeutic roles for selective COX2 inhibitors in neurodegeneration due to both AD and stroke, the prevention and treatment of colon cancer, prevention of premature labor, as well as pain and inflammation.
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PMID:COX-2 inhibitors--IBC conference. 12-13 April 1999, Coronado, CA, USA. 1612 36