Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Monoclonal antibody, A7, produced from a mouse splenocyte immunized against human colon cancer was used as drug carrier for colon cancer. A7 had not ADCC and ADMC activity but had ACD activity. Anticancer drug, mitomycin C (MMC), and neocarzinostatin (NCS), were covalently bound to A7 to form the conjugates, A7-MMC, and, A7-NCS. In vitro cytotoxic effect of the conjugates on SW1116 was much stronger than that of free MMC or free NCS. The conjugates, A7-NCS, administered in nude mice brought about the highest NCS concentration in tumor, while normal IgG-NCS distributed evenly in all the tissues. The conjugates showed strong antitumor effect on colon cancer transplanted in nude mice. Forty one patients with colorectal cancer including 10 patients with postoperative metastasis were given A7-NCS. The immunoperoxidase and drug concentration studies of the resected specimens revealed that NCS was found to be localized specifically in cancer. There was no serious adverse effect in the patients receiving the conjugate. Of eight patients with postoperative liver metastasis, three showed evidence of tumor reduction on CT scan and three claimed pain relief. The conjugate was of no benefit to the patients with multiple lung metastasis and peritoneal metastasis.
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PMID:[Clinical application of monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates in colorectal carcinoma]. 296 49

Twenty-one patients with inoperable colon cancer in the pelvis were treated with intra-arterial 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin C, given bilaterally into the internal iliac arteries. Seventeen of the 21 patients had failed previous radiation therapy and 15 had also failed systemic intravenous chemotherapy. Eighteen of the 21 patients received intra-arterial treatments because of pelvic pain. Effect of this treatment on the pain could be evaluated in 16 patients. A measurable decrease in pain medication occurred in 8 of 16, whereas a subjective feeling of pain relief was observed in 12 of 16 patients for a mean period of 3.5 months. However, objective tumor response was considered definite only if associated with a greater than 50% decline of an elevated plasma carcinoembryonic antigen level; this was observed in 5 of 11 patients (45%). Reduction in tumor mass as measured by imaging techniques was observed in two of ten patients in whom it was evaluable. Improvement in hydronephrosis was observed in five of seven evaluable patients. Hematuria was present in 12 patients and improved in 10 of those patients. The most significant side effect of chemotherapy was perineal and gluteal skin erythema, which was observed in 36% of the patients after the first course and in 24% during the second course. This frequently escalated to cutaneous vesiculation and desquamation. This side effect was prevented by concurrent administration of steroids. Pelvic arterial infusion of 5-FU and mitomycin C can offer temporary pain relief to patients who have failed other means of therapy. Objective antitumor effects may have also resulted but were much harder to assess in this group of patients.
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PMID:Palliation of pelvic recurrence of colorectal cancer with intra-arterial 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin. 299 49

Traumatic, clostridial myonecrosis is a rare and serious complication of wounds. Nontraumatic, metastatic, clostridial myonecrosis may be caused by carcinoma of the large intestine. Nontraumatic myonecrosis becomes evident with localized pain, generalized toxicity, local signs of inflammation, and crepitation. Serum creatine kinase determinations may be of help in diagnosing patients suspected of having acute myonecrosis. Immediate heroic surgical intervention, usually with demonstration of Clostridium septicum, is mandatory to control the myonecrosis. Appropriate antibiotic therapy is a valuable adjunct to surgical intervention, and penicillin in massive doses appears to be the agent of choice for the clostridia. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy may help in the optimal control. General supportive measures, including frequent blood transfusions, are most important. To save the life of the patient with nontraumatic, metastatic, clostridial myonecrosis, it is necessary, as soon as the patient's general condition permits, to diagnose and eliminate the cause of the myonecrosis. In addition to the case reported, 16 cases have been reported in the literature, making a total of 17. Five patients have survived (survival rate, 29 percent).
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PMID:Carcinoma of the large intestine and nontraumatic, metastatic, clostridial myonecrosis. 353 58

Chronic cancer pain remains intractable by standard treatment in many patients and interferes with their mobility and independence. Epidural morphine infusion therapy is adopted for providing adequate analgesia in patients who are generally morphine independent and have intractable pain. A totally implantable pump system, Infusaid, has allowed continuous epidural morphine infusion without wound care or frequent percutaneous injections and with a potentially lowered risk of adverse reactions including respiratory suppression. Since December 1984, the authors have used this totally implantable drug delivery system for continuous epidural morphine infusion in two patients who had been suffering from chronic pain caused by pelvic cancer associated with metastatic and/or invasive lesions: Case 1: a 61-year-old man with rectum cancer; and Case 2: a 44-year-old man with colon cancer. Before system implantation, a therapeutic response to epidural morphine was confirmed by a one-shot test injection. Pain relief was evaluated by use of Visual Pain Analogue Scale Scores (VPASS). In spite of the presence of an artificial anus on the left abdomen in both patients and of pus discharge from a sacral infectious fistula on admission in Case 2, no infectious complication occurred in either case. Urinary retention developed after the implantation in Case 2, but this improved following the reduction of morphine concentration. No other adverse reaction was observed. In Case 1, the system was effective for 6 months until his death from advancing malignancy, and the patient was able to return to work three months after discharge.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Implantable continuous epidural morphine infusion system for relief of chronic cancer pain]. 374 84

Of 705 patients who were treated at the Vanderbilt University and Metropolitan Nashville General Hospitals from 1973 to 1984 for carcinoma of the colon, 45 (6.3%) were 35 years of age or younger at the time of diagnosis. There were 25 men and 20 women; the average age was 29.3 years. Twenty-six patients (57.7%) presented with pain, 19 reported a change in bowel habits, and 18 had gastrointestinal bleeding which led to diagnostic investigation. At the time of diagnosis, only two patients had lesions which could be classified as Dukes' A, eight were Dukes' B, 28 were Dukes' C, and the remaining seven had Dukes' D lesions with distant metastasis. Nineteen patients had poorly differentiated tumors; survival in this group averaged 1 year. In the 19 patients who had well or moderately well-differentiated tumors, survival averaged 4.3 years. Fifteen patients had unresectable tumors at the time of initial treatment, and survival in this group has averaged 1.5 years. Thirty patients had tumors which were considered to be resectable by the operating surgeon, and nine of these 30 patients are alive without evidence of recurrence for an average of 5.6 years. The prognosis of carcinoma of the colon in the young has been poor, with the major factors being the unfavorable histologic features of these tumors and the advanced disease at the time of presentation in these patients. Those few patients who present early in the course of their disease respond well to radical resection.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the colon in patients 35 years of age and younger. 382 5

An observed case of metastasized carcinoma of the large intestine with very severe pain is presented. Pain disappeared after continuous subarachnoid analgesia using a Lazorthes reservoir.
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PMID:[A case of pain from bone metastases of a sigmoid tumor treated with a Lazorthes reservoir for continuous subarachnoid analgesia]. 620 78

Dietary fiber has emerged in the past decade as a factor in nutrition that appears to have complex physiological and clinical implications. A great deal of research has focused on its effect on colorectal diseases. Some human epidemiological studies on colon cancer point to a possible preventive role of dietary fiber, but the results are confounded by the difference in the intake of many other food substances such as fat and the overall differences in the dietary pattern of the populations investigated. Animal studies using chemical carcinogens, such as 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, have lent support to a protective role of certain components of fiber, such as purified cellulose. Other fiber polymers, such as pectin, have not shown any protective effect. Perhaps the strongest evidence for a protective role of fiber in the colon comes from studies relating low dietary fiber intake to the higher incidence of diverticular disease of the colon; addition of dietary fiber to the diet of patients with symptomatic diverticular disease seems to relieve pain effectively. Recently, some preliminary studies have shown the possible correlation of low dietary fiber intake with a greater incidence of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, but these studies are too limited in number and scope to allow any conclusion to be reached at this time.
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PMID:Recent advances in dietary fiber and colorectal diseases. 626 77

Plasma exchange was performed in patients with recurrent colon cancer with evaluable liver metastasis or abdominal tumor with dissemination. This therapy was undertaken a total of 19 times in 11 cases. The cases were divided into effective and ineffective cases according in terms of the clinical effects, and changes in blood parameters and prognosis were examined in each case. Subjective symptoms, such as increase in appetite and disappearance of general fatigue or pain, were remarkably improved in 6 cases, and these patients were allowed to be discharged from the hospital. Marked regression of hepatomegalia was observed in 2 cases out of these 6 cases, but no remarkable effect was noted in patients with abdominal dissemination. In the effective cases the following parameters were significantly improved; beta- and gamma-globulin of serum protein fractions, IgG, IgA and IgM of immunoglobulin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin, and transferrin. However, since these effects are temporal and short-lived, one must consider applying plasma exchange therapy in conjunction with anticancer drugs, and the like. Plasma exchange seems applicable to cases of colon cancer with metastasis in the liver, because this therapy showed improvement in clinical symptoms, decreased hepatomegaly and prolonged survival.
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PMID:[Clinical trials of plasma exchange therapy in patients with recurrent colon cancer]. 643 4

Thirty-one patients less than 40 years of age with carcinoma of the colon were treated at this hospital during the ten years between 1968 and 1978. This accounted for 3.6 per cent of the total number of patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum seen during this period. Pain, rectal bleeding, change in intestinal habits and weight loss were the most common presenting symptoms. The average delay between the onset of symptoms and treatment was 6.4 months. Mucin-producing and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas were present in 49 per cent of the patients in this study. Metastases to the ovaries occurred in 23 per cent of the female patients. The five year survival rate was only 22 per cent. The importance of early diagnosis and treatment and, in the female patient, of oophorectomy is emphasized.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the colon and rectum in patients less than 40 years of age. 662 23

At Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa, during a 3-year period diverticular disease was diagnosed in 42 Black patients (16 men, 26 women), from an urban population approaching 1,5 million. Patients presented mainly with rectal bleeding, abdominal mass or pain. Of average age 62 years, all were among the more privileged. The persisting very low frequency of the disease, which is in consonance with low frequencies of other bowel diseases (appendicitis, ulcerative colitis, colon cancer), is deemed valid. The mean daily dietary fibre intake, 26.5 +/- 8.5 g, was higher than that of local Whites, 22.4 +/- 6.0 g, but significantly less than that of a sex-age matched urban Black control group, 32.5 +/- 11.4 g. Although a measure of westernization of diet has obviously occurred, its extent, also the period of exposure, would seem to have been insufficient to have evoked significant rises in the occurrence of diverticular disease.
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PMID:Diverticular disease in urban Africans in South Africa. 681 67


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