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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This review describes the current state of knowledge on the hazards of exercise and the potential benefits of physical activity on the gastrointestinal tract. In particular, acute strenuous exercise may provoke gastrointestinal symptoms such as heartburn or diarrhoea. A substantial part (20-50%) of endurance athletes are hampered by these symptoms which may deter them from participation in training and competitive events. Nevertheless, these acute symptoms are transient and do not hamper the athlete's health in the long term. The only exception is repeated gastrointestinal bleeding during training and competition, which in the long term may occasionally lead to iron deficiency and anaemia. In contrast, repetitive exercise periods at a relatively low intensity may have protective effects on the gastrointestinal tract. There is strong evidence that physical activity reduces the risk of colon cancer by up to 50%. Less convincing evidence exists for cholelithiasis and constipation. Physical activity may reduce the risk of diverticulosis, gastrointestinal haemorrhage, and inflammatory bowel disease although this cannot be substantiated firmly. Up to now, underlying mechanisms are poorly understood although decreased gastrointestinal blood flow, neuro-immuno-endocrine alterations, increased gastrointestinal motility, and mechanical bouncing during exercise are postulated. Future research on exercise associated digestive processes should give more insight into the relationship between physical activity and the function of the gastrointestinal tract.
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PMID:Potential benefits and hazards of physical activity and exercise on the gastrointestinal tract. 1117 39

Physical exercise is probably both beneficial and harmful for the gastrointestinal tract, depending partly on the training intensity. On the one hand, gastrointestinal symptoms such as heartburn, chest pain, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, side ache and diarrhoea are common during heavy exercise. On the other hand, physical activity seems to protect from colon cancer, cholelithiasis and diverticular disease. Constipation has been shown to be related to inactivity. Despite this, no overwhelming evidence exists for a positive effect of physical exercise as a treatment option for chronic constipation. The reasons behind these somewhat discrepant effects are not understood fully. Altered gastrointestinal blood flow, effects on gastrointestinal motor function, neuroendocrine changes and mechanical effects are probably involved. Conflicting results exist regarding the effects of physical activity on gastrointestinal motility. Modern technologies now make motility studies in various parts of the gastrointestinal tract possible. More studies are needed to understand better the effects of physical exercise on the gastrointestinal tract. In particular, the relationship between the training intensity and duration and positive and negative alterations in gastrointestinal physiology needs to be addressed further.
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PMID:Physical activity and the gastrointestinal tract. 1236 4

The prevalence of heterotopic gastric mucosa of the upper esophagus (inlet patch) has a wide range depending on the method and detail of examination. The inlet patch is believed to be a congenital malformation that rarely leads to symptoms. We aimed to quantify the prevalence of the inlet patch in a non-referred population and determine if there are any risk factors or associated symptoms. Men between ages 50 and 79 presenting for routine colonoscopy at two clinical sites were recruited to undergo an upper endoscopy. Endoscopists were prompted to examine for the presence of the inlet patch. Of the 822 enrolled patients, 795 had data regarding the presence of an inlet patch. Of these, 55 (6.9%) had an inlet patch identified. Education was inversely associated (odds ratio [OR] advanced degree vs. high school or less = 0.310; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.111, 0.869), and tobacco use was positively associated with the presence of an inlet patch (current vs. never smokers OR = 2.87; 95% CI = 1.23, 6.69; former vs. never smokers OR = 1.93; 95% CI = 0.922, 4.02). No association between the inlet patch and symptoms of heartburn, globus, or dysphagia was found. In a cross-sectional study of colon cancer screenees, inlet patches were common and were not associated with symptoms. Tobacco use appears to be associated with the presence of an inlet patch.
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PMID:Prevalence and risk factors for heterotopic gastric mucosa of the upper esophagus among men undergoing routine screening colonoscopy. 2475 7