Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Over a period of six years a total of 407 patients with polyps of the gastrointestinal tract were examined by gastroscopy and coloscopy and the findings analysed retrospectively. Among patients with colon polyps 10.5% were found also to have polypoid gastric lesions, among those with adenoma of the colon the prevalence was 11.7%. Only 2.4% of simultaneously diagnosed gastric lesions were found to be malignant or premalignant, a figure similar to the population average. But in patients with more than ten polyps of the colon both the prevalence of polypoid gastric changes and the significance of polyps with respect to precancerous lesions were clearly increased. On the other hand, in patients with epithelial polyps and/or glandular cysts colon polyps were found in 45%, in 42% with precancerous changes (adenoma). Thus patients with epithelial gastric polyps and glandular cysts probably constitute a group with a real additional risk of colon carcinoma. Regular coloscopy will thus reveal precancerous changes (adenoma) in the colon of 42% of such patients; coloscopic polypectomy will be an effective prophylactic measure against carcinoma of the colon.
 ...
PMID:[Are stomach polyps an indicator of colonic carcinoma and colonic polyps an indicator of stomach carcinoma?]. 282 97

Carcinoma of the colon seen in an 11-year-old boy is reported herein. The patient had advanced carcinoma of the ascending colon and died 8 months after an ileo-transversostomy had been performed as a palliative procedure. Histologically, the tumor was found to be signet-ring cell carcinoma. 29 cases of colon carcinoma reported in Japanese children under 15 years of age are also reviewed. In 19 of these patients, surgery was done as an elective procedure after the diagnosis of colon cancer had been established, but emergency surgery was performed on 10 patients for perforation or obstruction of the bowel. Curative resection was possible in 14 patients, but of these, only 3 patients survived for more than 10 years.
 ...
PMID:Carcinoma of the colon in children: report of a case and review of the literature. 284 22

"Spontaneous" lung metastases develop in over 50% of the animals bearing subcutaneous isografts of WB-2054, a rat colon carcinoma. A metastatic variant has been developed by "Fidler" type in vivo selection, yielding 100% lung metastasis. In a five-week assay to test the organ specificity of this lung metastatic variant, however, "experimental" liver and lung metastases could be induced in 100% and 60% of animals on portal venous and intravenous injections, respectively. The results demonstrate selection of a metastatic variant from heterogeneous primary tumor, and suggest at least two interacting mechanisms: (1) mechanical (the anatomy of the blood-borne metastatic pathways) and (2) biologic (factors intrinsic to primary tumor subpopulations that can be selected for metastatic proclivity). In addition, liver metastases were successfully established from colon tumors induced by cecal wall injection of tumor cells. Such a spontaneous liver metastasis model will be useful to study the specific mechanisms involved during metastasis of colon cancer to the liver.
 ...
PMID:Experimental liver metastasis. Implications of clonal proclivity and organ specificity. 291 Feb 47

Hypercalcemia as a complication of carcinoma of the colon is uncommon (1). It usually occurs in the presence of anorectal or rectal carcinoma that metastasizes to the lumbosacral vertebrae (2-4). Hypercalcemia complicating colon carcinoma in the absence of bone metastases--so-called humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy or paraneoplastic hypercalcemia--is rare. Only two such cases associated with adenocarcinoma of the colon (5,6) and two cases associated with adenosquamous carcinoma of the distal colon (rectum and sigmoid) (7) have been reported. We describe the first reported case of an adenosquamous carcinoma of the cecum and ascending colon that was accompanied by severe humoral hypercalcemia. The hypercalcemia was associated with a parathyroid hormone (PTH)-like substance.
 ...
PMID:Humoral hypercalcemia complicating adenosquamous carcinoma of the proximal colon. 291 Jun 74

We report here on a patient with recurrent sigmoid colon carcinoma. Postmortem examination revealed a fist-sized tumor in the retroperitoneum, invasive to the left ureter obstructing its lumen causing hydronephrosis of the ipsilateral kidney. Histological examination of the kidney showed multiple foci of adenocarcinoma cells on the pelvic surface. Invasion into the underlying tissue was not observed, and there was no tumor in the submucosal tissue of the pelvis or in the parenchyma of the left kidney. Cancer cells on the renal pelvic mucosa showed strong immunoreactivities for CEA and CA 19-9. These findings suggest that the tumor foci in the pelvis are formed by the intraluminal implantation of colon cancer cells detached from the ureteric metastasis. Our case presents the possibility of the implantation of carcinoma cells in the human urinary tract.
 ...
PMID:Implantation of colon cancer cells onto renal pelvic mucosa. A case report. 292 Jan 5

For targeting chemotherapy of colorectal carcinoma, mitomycin C (MMC) and neocarzinostatin (NCS) were covalently bound to monoclonal antibody A7 which is highly specific to human colon cancer. The in vitro cytotoxic effects of the conjugates A7-MMC and A7-NCS on SW1116 were 77 times and 4 times stronger than those of the free MMC and free NCS, respectively. An in vivo study in nude mice bearing human colon carcinoma revealed that monoclonal antibody A7 alone had no effect, and that A7-MMC and A7-NCS had greater inhibitory effects than the free MMC and NCS, respectively. Thirty-five patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum including 6 with postoperative liver metastasis, one with postoperative lung metastasis and one with postoperative peritoneal metastasis, were given the A7-NCS conjugate consisting of between 15 and 90 mg of antibody and between 1,000 and 6,000 units of NCS. Immunoperoxidase study of resected specimens revealed selective localization of NCS in the cancer cells. The conjugate had no serious adverse effects. Five of the six patients with postoperative liver metastasis responded favorably to the conjugate, showing a decrease in tumor size on CT scan or relief of pain. The conjugate was of no benefit to patients with multiple lung metastasis or peritoneal metastasis. The effect on other patients with surgically resected carcinoma remains to be determined by a follow-up study.
 ...
PMID:[Missile therapy using monoclonal antibody drug conjugates in colorectal carcinoma]. 295 68

Three human colon cancer lines (SW 480, SW 620, WIDR) were characterized as to their production of molecules with transforming growth factor (TGF)-like activity. Production of both TGF alpha-like and TGF beta-like activity was quantitated, as were cellular receptors for these molecules, and growth response in soft agar to exogenous epidermal growth factor (EGF) (as a substitute for TGF alpha) and TGF beta. Serum-free medium conditioned by these cells showed differing amounts of TGF alpha-like and TGF beta-like competing activity in EGF and TGF beta radioreceptor assays. Likewise the cells showed differing abilities to bind 125I-labeled EGF and TGF beta. SW 620 cells produced relatively large quantities of TGF alpha-like activity and had no detectable EGF receptors; specific TGF beta binding was observed. SW 480 cells produced the most TGF beta-like activity and had no measurable TGF beta membrane receptors, but EGF receptors were detectable. WIDR cells had both EGF and TGF beta membrane receptors and produced relatively low levels of EGF and TGF beta receptor-competing activity. All three of the cell lines grew spontaneously in soft agar (in medium containing 10% serum). In contrast to other carcinoma cell lines, exogenous EGF and TGF beta had no significant effect on soft agar growth of the colon carcinoma cells. The production of both TGF alpha-like and TGF beta-like polypeptides by colon carcinoma cell lines has been shown, yet involvement of these factors in autostimulatory activity could not be demonstrated. The possibility that these endogenous factors could be involved in paracrine stimulation of stromal cells remains to be explored.
 ...
PMID:Production of transforming growth factors by human colon cancer lines. 300 10

The isolation and characterization of oncogenes from human colon cancer and the recognition of their homology with the ras gene of the Harvey and Kirsten strain of murine sarcoma virus (MSV) led us to investigate the effect of exogenous MSV on 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinoma in rats. DMH, 20 mg base/kg, was injected weekly for 10 weeks into Sprague-Dawley rats. The Moloney murine sarcoma virus (MSV-M) was injected (200 focus-forming units) intraperitoneally into 15 rats 48 hours after the last DMH injection or in 12 rats before the first DMH injection. Controls consisted of 12 rats receiving 10 injections of DMH only, nine rats receiving MSV-M alone, and 10 untreated rats. All tumors induced were adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, characteristically induced by DMH and not by MSV-M. In the late virus group there was an augmentation of colon tumor induction (mean, 2.2 versus 1.1 colon tumors/rat, p less than 0.05), and in the MSV pretreated group, there was also significant augmentation of colon tumor induction (mean, 2.4 versus 1.1 colon tumors/rat, p less than 0.005) when compared with rats treated with DMH alone. Rats treated with MSV-M alone and untreated rats had no tumors. This is the first study to suggest the importance of exogenous viral infection in chemically induced colonic carcinogenesis.
 ...
PMID:The interaction of retrovirus and chemical carcinogen in experimental colon carcinogenesis. 302 10

The growth and survival of mouse (MC-26) colon carcinoma in vitro and in vivo are significantly reduced by inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis. alpha-Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), is a specific and irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC); the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis. DFMO treatment inhibits the growth of MC-26 colon cancer cells and decreases MC-26 cell survival both in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we examined the effects of cyclosporine (CsA) on growth, survival, and polyamine levels in MC-26 colon cancer in vitro. CsA had inhibitory effects on MC-26 colon cancer growth which were similar to DFMO; these effects were blocked by the addition of the polyamine, putrescine. The combination of CsA (8.3 X 10(-4) mM) and DFMO (0.5 mM or 1.0 mM) inhibited MC-26 cell survival to a greater extent than either agent alone. These results suggest that CsA given in combination with other agents which inhibit polyamine synthesis may be useful for the treatment of colon cancer.
 ...
PMID:Effects of cyclosporine and alpha-difluoromethylornithine on the growth of mouse colon cancer in vitro. 310 Aug 97

We have previously reported that the in vitro growth of MC-26 mouse colon cancer and H2T hamster pancreatic cancer cells are inhibited by cyclosporine (CsA) and alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO). The present study was designed to investigate the effects of these two drugs on the two experimental tumors (MC-26 and H2T) growing in vivo. Forty-eight male Balb/c mice or Syrian golden hamsters were inoculated with MC-26 (250,000) or H2T (500,000) cells, respectively, and then were randomized into four groups of 12 each: group I was control; group II received CsA; group III received DFMO; group IV received a combination of CsA and DFMO. MC-26 tumors were significantly more sensitive than H2T tumors to the effects of CsA and DFMO. MC-26 tumor growth and tumor weight, as well as the tumor content of DNA, RNA, and protein were all significantly more reduced by CsA and DFMO than were the H2T tumors. Our present study shows that both CsA and DFMO are potent inhibitors of MC-26 colon carcinoma growth in vivo, though DFMO is more than twice as effective as CsA. DFMO also produced greater reductions in the tumor content of DNA, RNA, and protein than did CsA. DFMO significantly decreased the concentrations of polyamines in both H2T and MC-26 tumors; the MC-26 tumors were affected to a greater degree.
 ...
PMID:Differential sensitivity of pancreatic and colon cancer to cyclosporine and alpha-difluoromethylornithine in vivo. 314 68


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>