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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tumor markers known to date are not sensitive and specific enough to detect malignant tumors. Therefore, attempts to find new markers have led to sialic acid assays in cancer patients. Serum sialic acid, CEA and ESR have been determined in 33 patients with the cancer of the colon. All patients have been divided into four groups, according to TNM cancer staging. Serum sialic acid levels have been increased by 100% of patients in groups I and IV. The most significant correlation was noted between sialic acid levels and ESR. No significant relationship between serum sialic acid and CEA have been noted. No correlation of the colon cancer stage, according to TNM staging, and sialic acid and CEA levels in the peripheral blood has been observed. It seems, however, that serum sialic acid assay may be useful auxiliary technique in the detection and monitoring of patients with colon cancer.
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PMID:[Sialic acid and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as markers of colon cancer: Preliminary report]. 166 62

One-stage subtotal colectomy of an acutely obstructed left colon would improve quality of life while shortening the length of hospitalization. Prohibitive mortality rates, however, are ascribed to such an approach. Analyzing the Senior Author's experience we compared the one-stage approach versus the multi-stage resections concerning operative mortality and morbidity rates and the duration of hospitalization. Forty-nine of 291 (17%) large bowel cancers presented acute left-sided obstruction requiring emergency surgery. Colostomy alone was performed in 18 (37%), multi-stage colectomy in 20 (41%, Group A) and one-stage subtotal colectomy in 11 (22%, Group B, all of them after 1979), the years under scrutiny being from 1973 through Sept. 1990. Both groups were comparable in age and sex distribution, TNM staging and ASA classification. Operative mortality and morbidity rates were 10% and 30% in Group A, 9% and 18% in Group B, respectively. The average length of hospitalization was 21.25 days (14-30) in Group A, 9.18 days (7-14) in Group B. Whenever an experienced surgical team is available and in the absence of contra-indications (local factors precluding a swift dissection, hemodynamic instability, gangrenous bowel) a one-stage subtotal colectomy, taking advantage of a better healing ileo-sigmoid or ileo-rectal anastomosis, carries acceptable mortality and morbidity rates while enhancing the quality of life and shortening the length of hospitalization. It should be considered the choice procedure, provided selection requirements and technical demands are met. An evaluation of the Senior Author's team experience (1973-90) in the management of acutely obstructing left colon cancer (49/291 or 17%) provides information on multi-stage resections and one-stage subtotal colectomy (Group A and B) as regards operative mortality (10% in Group A, 9% in Group B) as well as length of hospitalization (21 days in Group A, 9 days in Group B).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Surgical management of acute, malignant obstruction of the left colon with colostomy]. 178 65

Ten patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma originated in the nasal cavity (four patients) and in the paranasal sinuses (six patients) were treated mainly with irradiation and combination chemotherapy including adriamycin. According to the TNM AJC staging system, four patients were in stage T1-T2, and six patients were in stage T3-T4. Nine patients, other than one with stage IV (Ann Arbor) disease, achieved complete remission. Death due to lymphoma occurred in four patients, 4 to 39 months following diagnosis. Three of these patients developed systemic extranodal dissemination, and died in a short time after relapse. Death due to second malignancies occurred in two patients. One died of acute myelogenous leukemia, and the other died of colon cancer, 26 and 53 months after diagnosis, respectively. Four patients were alive and disease-free, from 23 to 68 months following diagnosis (median 40 months). Out of four patients who died of disease, three were in stage T3-T4, and one was in stage T1. Two patients with stage T1 originated in the nasal cavity were both alive and disease-free. Except for lymphomas with stage T1 originated in the nasal cavity, more intensive chemotherapy should be instituted in an attempt to achieve better disease-free survival.
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PMID:[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: clinicopathologic study of ten cases]. 189 Jul 45

The National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference on Adjuvant Therapy for Patients With Colon and Rectum Cancer brought together surgeons, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, gastroenterologists, other health care providers, and the public to address the issues regarding adjuvant therapy for colon and rectum cancer. Following 1 1/2 days of presentations by experts and discussion by the audience, a consensus panel weighed the evidence and prepared a consensus statement. Among their findings, the panel recommended that patients with Stage III colon cancer should receive adjuvant therapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and levamisole. Specific adjuvant therapy is not recommended for Stage II colon cancer patients outside of clinical trials. For rectal cancer, the panel recommended that adjuvant therapy combining chemotherapy and radiation therapy improves local control and survival for Stage II and III patients. The most effective combination at present appears to be 5-FU, methyl-CCNU, and high-dose pelvic irradiation. However, the use of methyl-CCNU outside of clinical trials is discouraged because of documented toxicities. The panel concluded that patients with Stage I colon and rectal cancers are at low risk of recurrence and do not warrant adjuvant therapy. The panel also recommended that the American Joint Committee on Cancer system for classifying stages of colon and rectal cancer, known as the TNM system, become the standard measurement used in clinical trials and in clinical practice.
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PMID:Adjuvant therapy for patients with colon and rectum cancer. 207 98

There are several kinds of proposals for the staging of colon cancer with TNM factors in the world. By comparisons with each survival rates on these staging groups, based on 698 curative resected colon cancer at our hospital between 1962 and 1985, we have evaluated the usefulness of their staging systems. There were no significant differences of survival rates between 3rd and 4th stage groups of J.J.C. classification II and III stage groups of I.C.C. -p-TNM, and Ib and II stage groups of A.J.C. -p-TNM. As far as the resected cases, the degree of spreading of serosal involvement is more affective factor influencing to the prognosis than the one of lymph nodes involvement. Extent of the area of resection and clearance of regional lymph nodes, curative or non curative, is also important prognostic factor. There seems to be still, much room for discussion and revision on the staging of the colon cancer.
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PMID:[TNM staging of cancer of the colon]. 378 71

Between 1975 and 1981, 632 patients with colon diseases underwent surgery. 93 (14.7%) patients were aged 80 or more. 90% of this age group had a colon cancer, 60% were in the tumour stage III or IV (TNM). An emergency operation was necessary in 37 (40%) cases, the postoperative mortality rate was nearly 60%. 62 patients underwent a selective colon operation with the postoperative mortality rate in this group amounting to 9.7%, impaired wound healing occurred in 25.8%. Preoperative treatment is described.
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PMID:[Colon surgery in old age]. 664 77

The Dukes' and TNM systems for staging carcinoma of the colon and rectum are still the best pathologic classifications, but they do not apply to all patients and do not distinguish between patients who will die and patients who will be cured by the same therapeutic procedure. A new approach to this problem should be to establish a biochemical automatic classification, complementary to the morphologic one, which allow us to classify every patient before and after the first and subsequent treatments. By using several nonspecific tumor markers, such as CEA, AAT, AF, AAG, GGT and transferrine, a discriminant analysis was executed among the groups of patients with LD, RD and DD. Our initial results with only 12.8 per cent of incorrect classifications, that is patients classified in a less advanced group, suggest that this system may be quite useful in order to select those patients with carcinoma of the rectum who should benefit from preoperative radiotherapy as well as those who should receive adjuvant therapy after the first treatment. On the other hand, for patients classified in a more advanced group than the pathologic grading, we may well be able to identify those patients with occult disease for which the frequency of revisions should be shorter.
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PMID:Automatic preoperative classification of carcinoma of the colon and rectum. 671 Mar 17

16 colon cancer patients in the second clinical stage (according to the TNM classification), aged 34 to 71 years were studied before and 14 days after radical surgery. The in vitro cell-mediated immunity was evaluated using the rosette-forming test and blastogenic reactivity of blood lymphocytes to PHA. The percentage of total rosette-forming cells (T-cells) before and after surgery did not alter significantly (p less than 0.1). At the same time there was no significant difference between the number of rosette-forming cells in cancer patients compared to donors (p less than 0.1). Blastogenic reactivity of lymphocytes to PHA expressed as a stimulation index (S. I.) showed a significant decrease of that parameter in patients compared to donors (p less than 0.001). The S. I. was lower in patients 14 days after surgery than prior to treatment (p less than 0.01).
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PMID:Some parameters of cell-mediated immunity in colon cancer patients. 696 80

Palliative treatment in metastatic colorectal carcinoma is primarily based on 5-fluorouracil. The remission rates have been improved by biomodulation and by continuous infusion of 5-FU. Adjuvant treatment for carcinoma of the colon and rectum is used in subgroups of patients in order to improve the results of surgical treatment. After curative resection of a colonic carcinoma with lymph node metastasis (TNM stage III) treatment with levamisole and 5-FU is indicated. As the risk of local failure is increased in carcinoma of the rectum adjuvant pelvic radiation therapy is used, eventually combined with systemic chemotherapy. In order to define the subgroups of patients who might profit by palliative or adjuvant treatment and in order to develop more effective combination therapies patients should be entered into prospective randomized trials.
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PMID:[Chemotherapy and radiochemotherapy of colorectal cancers: adjuvant and palliative therapeutic procedures]. 752 20

A study of regional lymph node metastases was performed using the clearing method in 322 patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum (140 with carcinoma of the colon and 182 with carcinoma of the rectum) who had undergone surgical resection. The mean number of nodes examined per patient was 76.4 and the metastatic rate (patients with metastases divided by the total of patients) was 61.4 percent, with a metastatic incidence (nodes with metastases divided by the total of examined nodes) of 6.4 percent for carcinoma of the colon using the clearing method. For carcinoma of the rectum, the mean number of nodes examined was 73.7 with a metastatic rate of 57.1 percent and a metastatic incidence of 7.1 percent. In contrast, node analysis by the conventional manual method resulted in a mean of 18.1 nodes being examined, with a metastatic rate and incidence of 42.1 and 12.8 percent, respectively, for carcinoma of the colon. Manual examination of lymph nodes in carcinoma of the rectum resulted in a mean of 21.2 nodes being examined, with a metastatic rate and incidence of 50.0 and 16.8 percent, respectively. Compared with the manual method, the clearing method provided a greater number of nodes, a higher metastatic rate and a lower metastatic incidence. These differences may be explained by the detection of metastatic regional nodes smaller than 4 millimeters in maximum diameter by the clearing method. By TNM classification there were more pN3 than pN2 lesions. The five year survival rate after curative resection was 78.5 percent for pN1 lesions, 45.7 percent for pN2 lesions and 45.4 percent for pN3 lesions for carcinoma of the colon and 72.7 percent for pN1 lesions, 75.0 percent for pN2 and 53.9 percent for pN3 lesions for carcinoma of the rectum. There was no significant survival difference between the patients with pN1, pN2 and pN3 carcinomas. The presence of regional nodes metastases should be examined in detail. Therapies and prognosis of carcinoma of the colon and rectum should be discussed based on accurate staging.
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PMID:Metastases from carcinoma of the colon and rectum detected in small lymph nodes by the clearing method. 814 12


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