Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Potential risks of gastrointestinal cancers after cholecystectomy were examined among 1238 patients who had had their gallbladders extirpated for benign biliary diseases from 1951 to 1970. The observed deaths between 1953 and 1984 were compared with the expected values which were calculated from death rates in Japan. No appreciable excess mortality was found for stomach cancer, colorectal cancer or pancreas cancer in relation to cholecystectomy. Observed and expected deaths during the whole observation period were 29 vs. 31.58 for stomach cancer, 8 vs. 6.50 for colorectal cancer overall, 5 vs. 3.19 for colon cancer and 3 vs. 3.51 for pancreas cancer. The corresponding figures in the 10 years or more after cholecystectomy were 14 vs. 19.06 for stomach cancer, 5 vs. 4.66 for colorectal cancer and 3 vs. 2.38 for colon cancer. A notably increased mortality from liver cancer was observed, but it was considered to be related not to cholecystectomy itself but to blood transfusion.
 ...
PMID:Cancer mortality among patients undergoing cholecystectomy for benign biliary diseases. 308 92

The incidence of tetraploidy in monolayer cultures of dermal fibroblasts from 40 clinically affected members from 10 families with heritable colon cancer was compared with similar cultures from 40 clinically normal volunteers with three different techniques: (1) metaphase assay (MA), (2) flow cytometry of stationary cell cultures (FCMs), and (3) flow cytometry of proliferating cell cultures (FCMd). In vitro tetraploidy was considered to be present (IVT+): (1) by MA if more than 7 per cent of metaphases were tetraploids, (2) by FCMs if more than 8 per cent of cells in stationary cultures were tetraploids (i.e. DNA index greater than 1), and (3) by FCMd of more than 8 per cent of cells in logarithmic cultures were tetraploids (i.e. DNA index greater than 2). There was excellent concordance between the three assays, which assigned all the 40 HCC patients to the IVT+ category and all the 40 normal individuals to IVT- category. This in vitro data on the incidence of IVT in clinically affected members from HCC families suggested that this putative biomarker for colon cancer proneness may ultimately be useful in identification of such increased genetic risk for colon cancer in such HCC families and further supported the hypothesis that germinal mutations for cancer proneness (detected by in vitro expression of IVT) are relevant in the development of HCC.
 ...
PMID:Tetraploidy in cultured dermal fibroblasts from patients with heritable colon cancer. 316 98

Treatment of human colonic cancer in early stages when the process is still limited to the colonic wall is primarily surgery. We wished to see if maltose tetrapalmitate (MTP) immunotherapy alone or in combination with radiotherapy (R) and cyclophosphamide (C) chemotherapy would be effective against primary colon cancer in a fashion similar to that reported by us for primary liver cancer (Anticancer Research 6: 245-250, 1986). One hundred female CD1 mice were subjected to dimethylhydrazine (DMH) treatment once a week for 26 weeks, a period one week before which, colon cancer was histologically documented in each animal of a group that was sacrificed. Surprisingly, many of the animals harboured early anal cancer as well. At 28 weeks, 85 of the available animals were divided into 6 groups that received: Gr. 1, no treatment; Gr. 2, MTP alone (M); Gr. 3, radiotherapy alone (R); Gr. 4, cyclosphophamide alone (C); Gr. 5, R + C; Gr. 6, M + R + C. Criteria of treatment efficacy were: number, size and staging of colorectal tumors and the incidence and the size of anal tumors at death. Mean survival time was also determined although it remained a questionable criterium since most animals died due to complication (hepatic toxicity, pyelonephritis, thrombose) elicited by DMH, R and C toxicities and not as a result of colonic tumor size or metastases. As a single therapy, M appeared to be superior to either R or C alone. However, R + C combination was effective and was further improved upon by its association with M. With the triple combination, (M + R + C), lesions of both cancers decreased in size and/or number and the colon cancer histologically eclipsed from 46% of the treated animals.
 ...
PMID:Antitumor efficacies of maltose tetrapalmitate immunotherapy alone and in combinations with radiotherapy and with cyclophosphamide chemotherapy against dimethylhydrazine induced colon and anal cancers in CDI mice. 338 53

The limitation of detectability and curability in terms of current techniques (screening and details) were sought in otherwise healthy examinees. Not a few cancers were present in the alimentary tract, except for the stomach, in these otherwise healthy examinees who voluntarily underwent gastric cancer mass screening. The prognosis of alimentary tract cancers deteriorates in the descending, following order: colon cancer, stomach cancer, and esophageal cancer. The survival rate of primary liver cancer, cholecyst cancer, and pancreas cancer is extremely low. Unless new techniques are developed in these diagnoses, no improvement in the survival rate can be anticipated.
 ...
PMID:[Detection and prognosis of alimentary tract cancers--mass screening]. 357 11

Documented is hemopoietic toxicity encountered in patients with primary liver cancer (PLC), metastatic breast cancer, and colorectal cancer treated with various anthracyclines (doxorubicin [adriamycin, ADR], 4-'epidoxorubicin [4-'epiADR], and esorubicin) or anthracenes (mitoxantrone and bisantrene, as single agents as well as different combinations). Mitoxantrone, 14 mg/m2 three times weekly, was significantly more toxic than ADR, 60 mg/m2 three times weekly, for patients with PLC (P less than 0.01). In patients with colon cancer the toxicity of esorubicin did not differ significantly from that of 4-'epiADR. There was a tendency toward cumulative leukopenia with mitoxantrone and esorubicin, and cumulative thrombocytopenia with mitoxantrone and ADR. Although nadir counts for cycles 1 and 3 were similar, the percentage of patients receiving the full planned dose by the third cycle differed with the different drugs and in the different disease categories. Doxorubicin can be effectively combined with other cytostatics (e.g., cyclophosphamide + ADR + fluorouracil) to give improved results without undue hemopoietic toxicity in patients with breast cancer.
 ...
PMID:Hematological toxicity: experience with anthracyclines and anthracenes. 385 85

The distribution of proteins in samples from 8 prostate and 4 colon adenocarcinomas and 1 hepatoma was analyzed by 2-dimensional protein electrophoresis. Composite "normograms" based upon their distribution of proteins were developed from these patterns. Particular attention was paid to acidic proteins between pI 3.5 and 5.9. Of 161 proteins enumerated, 23 of the first 135 were present in prostate cancers, compared with 68 in colon cancer and 85 in the hepatoma. The 26 proteins denoted from nos. 135 to 161 were prostate associated, and none was evident in the colon or hepatoma samples. Twenty-seven prostate, 20 colon, and 48 liver cancer proteins were "unique" to each of the 3 cancers, respectively. The patterns of protein associated with each type of cancer were so dissimilar that with this technique no difficulty should be experienced in distinguishing these carcinomas originating from 3 different types of "stem" cells without obligatory recourse to microscopy.
 ...
PMID:Provisional "normograms" for identifying adenocarcinomas of the prostate or colon and hepatocellular carcinoma derived from their distribution of proteins separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. 630 Aug 17

Primary liver cancer incidence data from 30 populations reported in Cancer Incidence in Five Continents were analyzed. After adjustment for time trends, log incidence increases linearly with log age. Liver cancer risk increases more rapidly with age than that of colon cancer, stomach cancer, or lung cancer in non-smokers; it increases less rapidly than that of prostatic cancer or of lung cancer in smokers. Over the past 20 years, most populations have been found to have increasing age-adjusted liver cancer incidence. There is no correlation between change in rates and magnitude of rates. Male rates are higher than female rates and the ratio of the two tends to be higher in high-risk areas.
 ...
PMID:Age and cohort effects in primary liver cancer. 632 24

A vitamin A (retinyl acetate)-deficient diet enhanced liver cancer in rats exposed to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and also caused a 29% incidence of colon cancer. The following factors were considered in attempts to define conditions under which vitamin-A-deprived rats were more susceptible to colon cancer induced by AFB1: liver morphology, enterohepatic recirculation, level of reduced glutathione (GSH) in liver, and differing capacities for conjugation of aflatoxin to GSH. Enzyme concentrations in liver, in intestinal and colon mucosa, and in intestinal and colon contents suggested that AFB1 may have different metabolites and that there may be differing susceptibilities of colon mucosa to carcinogenesis. Binding studies supported this hypothesis. Previous studies have shown that colon epithelium from vitamin-A-deficient rats binds more AFB1 than colon epithelium from normal, vitamin-A-supplemented animals. In the present study, vitamin A supplementation to the vitamin-A-deficient rats before oral administration of 3H-AFB1 significantly decreased the binding capacity at 12 and 15 hours after dosing with the carcinogen. These results suggest that the effect of vitamin A on the metabolism of the carcinogen, particularly on binding of AFB1 to cellular macromolecules, may be the mechanism by which vitamin A modifies aflatoxin's carcinogenic potential, influenced in part through enzymatic mechanisms.
 ...
PMID:Vitamin A and aflatoxin: effect on liver and colon cancer. 641 17

A good coverage by the Hong Kong Cancer Registry of cases of the common cancers diagnosed in Hong Kong during 1974-78 is indicated by an excess of cases over deaths registered, which is according to expectation from survival prospects. The trends during 1961-79 showed a rapid increase in mortality from lung cancer in both sexes, a moderate rise in liver cancer in males, and small increases in esophageal cancer in males and colon cancer in females. Cervical cancer was the only neoplasm that showed a decreasing trend, although this was small in proportion. Some epidemiological observations on cancer arising in the lung, liver, larynx, and nasopharynx are presented.
 ...
PMID:Cancer in Hong Kong: some epidemiological observations. 716 94

Laminin has been shown to promote the malignant phenotype and the expression of certain laminin receptors has been correlated with the malignant character of the tumors. Here new cell lines were isolated from a human colon cancer cell line (LCC-C1) based on their adhesiveness to laminin. The laminin-adherent subclone formed large tumors in nude mice, whereas the laminin-nonadherent subclone failed to form sizable tumors. Only the laminin-adherent subclone adhered to laminin and invaded through Matrigel-coated filters. The adhesive and invasive ability of the cells was almost completely blocked by low concentrations (1.0 microgram/ml) of anti-beta 1 integrin antibody. The amounts of total cellular beta 1 integrin protein were similar in the two subclones when compared by Western blot, and the mRNA levels also did not differ. The localization of beta 1 integrin laminin receptor varied in the two subclones; the laminin-adherent subclone showed a linear distribution along the cell-cell junctions, while the laminin-nonadherent subclone did not stain between the cells. Using laminin-Sepharose affinity chromatography, more beta 1 integrin was obtained from the laminin-adherent subclone. These findings suggest that alterations in the affinity of beta 1 integrin for laminin and in its membrane distribution might be involved in the increased tumorigenicity observed in colon cancer cells.
 ...
PMID:Expression of beta 1 integrin in laminin-adhesion-selected human colon cancer cell lines of varying tumorigenicity. 754 73


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>