Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The antiproliferative activity of recombinant human interferon (rIFN)-beta and rIFN-gamma, alone or in combination, against a human colon cancer cell line (RPMI 4788) was examined in vitro and in nude mice. rIFN-beta and rIFN-gamma interacted synergistically in vitro. In experimental pulmonary metastasis and intraabdominal carcinomatosis in nude mice, rIFN-beta and rIFN-gamma were administered iv and ip, respectively, alone or in combination, for 10 consecutive days beginning 2 days after RPMI 4788 cells were inoculated. In both models, rIFN-beta and rIFN-gamma alone had significant antitumor effects compared with the saline-control group. Combined administration of rIFN-beta and rIFN-gamma resulted in marked antitumor effects. In the pulmonary metastasis model, there were no pulmonary metastatic nodules in the group treated with the combination of rIFN-beta and rIFN-gamma (P less than 0.001), while there were 324.6 +/- 83.1 (mean +/- SD) nodules in the control group. In the intraabdominal carcinomatosis model, the mean survival time was 114.0 +/- 8.2 days (P less than 0.01) for the combination therapy group, but only 41.8 +/- 5.6 days for the control group. These results suggest that combined treatment with rIFN-beta and rIFN-gamma might be a promising therapy for pulmonary metastasis and intraabdominal carcinomatosis of human cancers.
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PMID:Antitumor effect of recombinant human interferon-beta and interferon-gamma in combination against human colon cancer cell line in vitro and in nude mice. 312 61

The development of useful therapy for intraabdominal carcinomatosis originating from gastrointestinal cancer is an important theme in cancer therapy. We developed recently an experimental model of intraabdominal carcinomatosis in nude mice by intraperitoneal transplantation of human colon cancer cells (RPMI 4788). Using this model, we investigated the antitumor effects of recombinant human interferon (rIFN)-beta and rIFN-gamma administered singly or in combination. Treatment was initiated 2 days after CD-1 nude mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 5 X 10(6) RPMI 4788 cells. Intraperitoneal administration for 10 consecutive days of either rIFN-beta (2.5 X 10(5) IU/mouse/day) or rIFN-gamma (2.5 X 10(5) JRU/mouse/day) resulted in a significant prolongation of survival compared with the saline control group [survival in the control: 41.8 +/- 5.6 days (mean +/- SD)]. Combined administration of rIFN-beta and rIFN-gamma for 10 days yielded a marked synergistic effect on the prolongation of survival (114.0 +/- 8.2 days). However, combined administration of rIFN-beta and rIFN-gamma in a single dose equal to the total dose given fractionally over 10 days did not yield a synergistic effect. These results suggest that daily administration of rIFN-beta and rIFN-gamma combined may provide a highly potent antitumor effect against human peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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PMID:Antitumor effect of combined intraperitoneal administration of human recombinant interferon-beta and interferon-gamma against intraabdominal carcinomatosis in nude mice. 313 27

Human blood monocytes activated by gamma interferon have been shown to be highly tumoricidal against colon cancer cells in vitro. Monocytes from patients with peritoneal colorectal carcinomatosis (PCC) were purified by a combination of cytapheresis and elutriation procedures, followed by in vitro incubation with gamma interferon for 18 hours. After debulking surgery, activated killer monocytes (AKM) were reinfused into patients' peritoneal cavities weekly for 16 weeks. To date, six patients have completed the entire protocol and three have completed maintenance therapy. All have tolerated the therapy well with acceptable toxicity. Midway through the protocol, we analyzed the trafficking pattern of the AKM by prelabeling them with 111In. Distribution was relatively homogeneous throughout the peritoneum; at the second staging celiotomy, three of the seven PCC patients were found to have very small amounts of recurrent disease in places to which the AKM were felt to have had limited access (other areas remained disease-free); these areas of recurrent disease were surgically resectable. AKM have also been infused systemically into five cancer patients. First, the patients were infused with unactivated 111In-labeled monocytes; 1 month later each patient received 111In-labeled gamma interferon-activated AKM. Trafficking studies indicated that both forms of monocytes migrated to sites in the reticuloendothelial system. We have seen virtually no complications from intravenous infusions of either unactivated or gamma interferon-activated AKM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Ex vivo activation of killer monocytes (AKM) and their application to the treatment of human cancer. 313 91

Sixty-four consecutive patients who had undergone curative resection for colorectal carcinoma were studied prospectively to evaluate the roles of sequential CEA determinations and independent instrumental follow-up in the early detection of resectable recurrences. Fifty-two of these patients also were submitted to sequential determinations of other tumor antigens: TPA (tissue polypeptide antigen) and Ca 19-9 (colon cancer antigen detected with a monoclonal antibody), for a retrospective evaluation of their utility as markers of recurrent tumors. Twenty-two recurrences were detected in a period ranging from 12 to 72 months (median, 47 months). CEA was the best predictor of recurrence (sensitivity, 90 percent) when compared with the other two markers (TPA sensitivity, 60 percent; Ca 19-9 sensitivity, 20 percent). When compared with the instrumental or biochemical examinations of the follow-up, CEA was still the most sensitive indicator of relapse although the specificity was quite low (78 percent) if minimal significative increases were considered. History and physical examination were more useful than CEA in detecting local recurrences in rectal cancer where the preoperative CEA level was low. A few second-look explorations based solely on small CEA increases failed to demonstrate recurrence or revealed peritoneal carcinomatosis. Selected second-look surgery based on demonstrated recurrences resulted in a resectability rate of 57 percent. A follow-up program based on frequent CEA assays, history, and physical examinations, including rectal, vaginal, and perineal exploration, is proposed. Extensive instrumental investigations should follow when a minimal significative CEA rise is observed, or when history and physical examinations suggest a possible recurrence. Second-look surgery should be evaluated after confirmed or highly suspected diagnosis of recurrence, on the basis of instrumental or clinical examinations.
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PMID:Follow-up of colorectal cancer resected for cure. An experience with CEA, TPA, Ca 19-9 analysis and second-look surgery. 347 Jan 72

The present study was undertaken to determine whether an anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody (MAB), labeled with the potent beta emitter yttrium 90, could alter the growth of diffuse intraperitoneal carcinomatosis of colon cancer. Nude mice bearing the CEA-producing human tumor line LS174T received therapy with the anti-CEA MAB ZCE025 90Y. Animals were evaluated 12 days after therapy. Untreated animals had a mean (+/- SEM) tumor burden of 3.99 +/- 0.10 g, while animals treated with ZCE025 90Y had 0.29 +/- 0.04 g present. This decrease was significant compared with the 1.31 +/- 0.16 g of tumor present in animals treated with a 90Y-labeled nonspecific antibody 96.5c. The therapeutic effects seen with ZCE025 90Y suggest a potentially useful role for 90Y-labeled anti-CEA MABs in the treatment of gastrointestinal carcinomatosis.
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PMID:Therapy of peritoneal carcinomatosis of human colon cancer xenografts with yttrium 90-labeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody ZCE025. 367 97

The ability of RPMI 4788 cells, a human colon cancer cell line, to produce experimental metastases in the lung, intraperitoneal cavity, and liver was studied in nude mice. Injection of 2 X 10(6) tumor cells into the tail vein of nude mice produced metastatic lung tumors, and an intraportal injection of 5 X 10(6) cells produced metastatic liver tumors. An intraabdominal carcinomatosis with ascites was formed after an i.p. injection of 5 X 10(6) tumor cells. The nude mice with lung metastasis or intraabdominal carcinomatosis always died within a few weeks. Macroscopic observation showed that the number of lung metastatic nodules on day 21 after tumor inoculation was 311.3 +/- 78.2 (mean +/- SD) in BALB/C nude mice, and 187.5 +/- 26.7 in ICR nude mice. In survival experiments, the mice with intraabdominal carcinomatosis showed a mean survival of 29.0 +/- 1.7 (mean +/- SD) days in BALB/C nude mice and 43.6 +/- 6.1 days in ICR nude mice. These novel experimental models of metastases in nude mice produced by injection of RPMI4788 cells had high reproducibility and may be useful not only for the study of the metastatic process but also for testing anticancer drugs.
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PMID:Novel experimental models of human cancer metastasis in nude mice: lung metastasis, intraabdominal carcinomatosis with ascites, and liver metastasis. 368 Mar 63

No new chemotherapy agents have been developed recently that present hope for improving survival in patients with colon or rectal cancer. We undertook this study to investigate a new route of administering an old drug, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Sixty-six patients with advanced primary colon or rectal cancer were randomized to receive 12 cycles with increasing dosages of intravenous (IV) or intraperitoneal (IP) 5-FU; the mean follow-up time was three years. The maximal tolerable dose and objective adverse side effects were prospectively recorded. The mean daily dose of 5-FU given by the IV route was 904 mg; for the IP route it was 1361 mg (p2 less than 0.0001). Two of ten patients had recurrent peritoneal carcinomatosis when treated with IP 5-FU; ten of eleven patients treated with IV 5-FU developed peritoneal implants (p2 less than 0.003). The incidence of serious complications was the same, but hematologic toxicity and hepatic toxicity were significantly reduced in patients who received IP 5-FU. When 5-FU is delivered by the IP route, the tolerable dose of drug was markedly increased without an increase in adverse side effects. The natural history of surgically treated disease was changed by reducing the incidence of peritoneal carcinomatosis but time to relapse and survival was not improved. IP 5-FU may be recommended for investigation in patients with perforated colon cancer, peritoneal implants, or as one part of a multimodality treatment protocol for colorectal cancer. If 5-FU is given to patients with gastrointestinal malignancy, the IP route should be strongly considered.
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PMID:Prospective, randomized trial of intravenous versus intraperitoneal 5-fluorouracil in patients with advanced primary colon or rectal cancer. 389 50

No new chemotherapy agents have been developed in the recent past that present hope for improving survival in patients with colon or rectal cancer. This study was undertaken to investigate a new route of administering an old drug, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). When 5-FU is delivered by the intraperitoneal (IP) route the tolerable dose of drug was markedly increased without an increase in adverse side effects. The natural history of surgically treated disease was changed by reducing the incidence of peritoneal carcinomatosis, but time to relapse and survival was not improved. Intraperitoneal 5-FU may be recommended for investigation in patients with perforated colon cancer, peritoneal implants, or as one part of a multimodality treatment protocol for colorectal cancer. If 5-FU is given to patients with gastrointestinal malignancy, the IP route should be strongly considered.
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PMID:Prospective randomized trial of intravenous v intraperitoneal 5-FU in patients with advanced primary colon or rectal cancer. 390 Dec 69

Meningeal carcinomatosis has been infrequently reported in colorectal carcinoma. Recently the value of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the examination of this disease has been described. We report a 55-year-old man with meningeal carcinomatosis from a known colon cancer. In this case, a gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the brain showed enhancing dura and nodular lesions which were not detected by enhanced computed tomography. The gadolinium-enhanced MRI may serve as an indicator of leptomeningeal involvement and may be a useful test in addition to the evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid cytology and chemistry.
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PMID:Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of meningeal carcinomatosis in colon cancer. 748 22

Pokeweed mitogen (PWM) was found to induce rapidly killer cells in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). To avoid PWM contamination in infused lymphocytes, PBMC were stimulated with PWM-coated beads, CMC-1. One hour of stimulation with CMC-1 led to distinct cytotoxic activity in PBMC at 7 h, this reaching a peak at 23 h in the following in vitro culture. The cytotoxic activity and target cell spectrum of CMC-1-activated killer (PWM-AK) cells were similar to those of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, the precursor cells of PWM-AK cells, as are those of LAK cells which are also low-density lymphocytes. The in vivo antitumor effects of PWM-AK cells were examined in nude mice with peritoneal carcinomatosis generated by the human colon cancer cell line, RPMI 4788. The intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of PWM-AK cells immediately after stimulation with CMC-1 significantly prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice, suggesting that these cells could be of value for clinical cancer therapy.
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PMID:Lectin-activated killer cells rapidly induced by pokeweed mitogen conjugated beads and their in vivo antitumor effects. 780 34


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