Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of ischemic colitis occurring proximal to carcinoma of the colon are described, with special reference to the barium enema and pathological findings. The association of these two conditions is rare but when present may cause some confusion. It is possible that the two lesions may, for instance, be considered to be both due to ischemic colitis, or mistaken for granulomatous colitis with a stricture.
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PMID:Ischemic colitis associated with carcinoma of the colon. 61 99

During the period of the study, lower GI bleeding patients comprised a constant 1.6% of the total admitted patients at Hanyang University Hospital annually. There were no statistically significant changes according to year. The 970 cases were classified as follows: hemorrhoid and anal fissure 65.5%, malignant neoplasm 21.1% (rectal cancer 16.9%, sigmoid colon cancer 3.3%, anal cancer 0.9%), benign neoplasm 4.2%, ulcerative colitis 3.3%, infectious colitis 2.3%, ischemic colitis 1.8%, radiation colitis 1.3%, diverticulosis 0.3%, and others 0.2%. Ulcerative colitis and rectosigmoid cancer showed increasing trends, while other disease groups showed no change in the occurrence rate. Hemorrhoid and anal fissure developed mostly in the 30s age group, benign polyp and ulcerative colitis in the 40s age group, malignant neoplasm in the 50s age group, and ischemic colitis and radiation colitis in the 60s age group. There was no sexual predominance of lower GI bleeding. About 10% of the patients admitted to the hospital needed transfusions, particularly patients with ulcerative colitis (21.9%) and radiation colitis (23.1%). 20.2% of the patients improved with supportive measures and medical treatment and 79.8% underwent surgical operation. In particular, 51.2% of the patients with benign neoplasm underwent polypectomies.
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PMID:The causes and management of lower GI bleeding: a study based on clinical observations at Hanyang University Hospital. 188 40

Vascular disorders of the colorectum are considered rare in Taiwan, however, recently the authors encountered five cases of ischemic colitis, all in men over 50 years of age. Cases one and five involved stricture, case two was secondary to obstructive colon cancer, and case three was of the gangrenous type presenting with peritonitis due to colonic perforation. Case four was of the transient type with acute massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to traumatic shock. All five patients were treated successfully by resection.
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PMID:Ischemic colitis as a cause of massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding and peritonitis. Report of five cases. 259 Dec 82

The authors have reported 61 emergency cases of left-sided colonic obstruction recorded over a period spanning for ten years. The observations break down showed that 44 patients had carcinoma of the colon; 9 presented with volvulus; 4 with diverticulitis; 1 with ischemic colitis, and 3 suffered from Ogilvie's syndrome. Surgical procedures, associated or not with cure, included colostomy (30 cases), colonoscopic detorsion (8 cases), resection (22 cases). The overall morbidity and mortality rates were 26% and 13%, respectively.
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PMID:[Emergency surgery of left colonic occlusion]. 263 69

Two Crohn's disease tissue-specific proteins are identified and purified several thousand-fold from crude tissue extracts by different chromatographic procedures. The two proteins migrate in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as 200-210-kilodalton and 150-160-kilodalton species. They are glycoproteins, as evidenced by their binding to concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B and positive staining with Schiff's reagent. Specific immunoreactivity of the two glycoproteins against Crohn's disease sera was demonstrated by immunotransblot analysis. All but one of the operative specimens of colon or small intestine (or both) from 13 patients with Crohn's disease contained either or both of the proteins; they were not detected in specimens of colon from 5 patients with ulcerative colitis, 1 patient with diverticulitis, 1 patient with ischemic colitis, from the normal bowel segments resected from 3 patients with colon cancer, and from two normal ileal tissue specimens. The two glycoproteins did not react with antihuman IgG, IgM, and IgA, suggesting that they are not immunoglobulins. The purified glycoproteins may provide important leads toward the understanding of the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of Crohn's disease tissue-specific glycoproteins. 352 40

In a retrospective study of one hundred and seventy patients with ischaemic colitis, we found eight patients with partially obstructive carcinoma of the colon located distally, seven located in the sigmoid and one in the splenic flexure. The frequency of this association (1-4.7% in the literature and 5.3% in our series) requires careful examination by radiologist and surgeon. The radiologist should be alert to the association of ischaemic damage proximal to an obstructive colorectal cancer. The surgeon must examine any colonic segment removed for carcinoma in order to exclude an ischaemic process in the area of the anastomosis and prevent leakage at the anastomosis or stricture formation.
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PMID:Ischaemic colitis associated with carcinoma of the colon. 708 41

The risks versus benefits of flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy performed within three weeks of myocardial infarction were studied in nine consecutive patients who underwent sigmoidoscopy and in nine consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy at two university hospitals. Indications for sigmoidoscopy were red blood per rectum in seven and occult blood in the stools in two. Sigmoidoscopy provided the diagnosis in three, including colon cancer in two and bleeding internal hemorrhoids in one, and provided helpful information in three. Sigmoidoscopy led to colon cancer surgery in two patients, and polypectomy of a 1-cm adenoma in one. Of two highly unstable patients before sigmoidoscopy, one developed second-degree heart block and frequent premature ventricular contractions 3 hr after sigmoidoscopy. No sigmoidoscopic complications occurred in the seven relatively clinically stable patients. Indications for colonoscopy included red blood per rectum in five, occult blood in the stools in three, and melena in one. Colonoscopy provided the diagnosis in five, including one each with colon cancer, internal hemorrhoids, large adenoma, ischemic colitis, and angiodysplasia. Colonoscopy resulted in colon cancer surgery in one patient and endoscopic polypectomies in three patients. Of two moderately unstable patients before colonoscopy, one developed asymptomatic bradycardia during colonoscopy. No colonoscopic complications occurred in the seven clinically stable patients. This study suggests that recent myocardial infarction is not an absolute contraindication to sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, that sigmoidoscopy is beneficial in medically stable patients with significant gastrointestinal bleeding, and that colonoscopy may be beneficial in selected, highly stable patients with significant gastrointestinal bleeding.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Safety and clinical efficacy of flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy for gastrointestinal bleeding after myocardial infarction. A six-year study of 18 consecutive lower endoscopies at two university teaching hospitals. 813 82

Ischemic colitis is the most common manifestation of gastrointestinal ischemia. The presumed etiologies are numerous; however, it typically develops spontaneously. It is classified into the transient type, stricture type, and gangrenous type. The majority of patients with ischemic colitis, excluding the gangrenous type, follow a benign clinical course in the absence of major vasculature occlusion. It usually presents as an acute abdominal illness with bloody diarrhea. Diagnosis is confirmed by colonoscopy and/or barium enema. Nongangrenous ischemic colitis usually requires only conservative therapy, including repeated careful assessment, pain control, and fluid replacement, and is associated with a good prognosis. It may lead to the sequela of persistent segmental colitis or colonic strictures, occasionally requiring surgery. Urgent surgery and high morbidity and mortality rates are hallmarks of the gangrenous type. Special consideration must be given to those patients in whom ischemic colitis develops in the context of colon cancer or obstructive colonic lesions. Successful management of a patient with ischemic colitis requires a high degree of clinical suspicion, early diagnosis, careful follow-up, and prompt recognition of persistent disease.
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PMID:[Pathophysiology and diagnosis of ischemic colitis]. 1041 55

Several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in intestinal inflammation, mucosal wound healing, and cancer progression. The purpose of this study was to examine the cellular location and putative function of MMP-19, MMP-26 (matrilysin-2), and MMP-28 (epilysin), in normal, inflammatory, and malignant conditions of the intestine. Peroperative tissue specimens from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) (n = 16) and archival tissue samples of ischemic colitis (n = 9), Crohn's disease (n = 7), UC (n = 8), colon cancer (n = 20), and healthy intestine (n = 5) were examined using immunohistochemical analyses with polyclonal antibodies. Unlike many classical MMPs, MMP-19, MMP-26, and MMP-28 were all expressed in normal intestine. In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), MMP- 19 was expressed in nonmigrating enterocytes and shedding epithelium. MMP-26 was detected in migrating enterocytes, unlike MMP-28. In colon carcinomas, MMP-19 and MMP-28 expression was downregulated in tumor epithelium. Staining for MMP-26 revealed a meshwork-like pattern between cancer islets, which was absent from most dedifferentiated areas. Our results suggest that MMP-19 is involved in epithelial proliferation and MMP-26 in enterocyte migration, while MMP-28 expression is not associated with inflammatory and destructive changes seen in IBD. In contrast to many previously characterized MMPs, MMP-19 and MMP-28 are downregulated during malignant transformation of the colon and may play a prominent role in tissue homeostasis.
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PMID:Differential expression of three matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-19, MMP-26, and MMP-28, in normal and inflamed intestine and colon cancer. 1518 74

A broad spectrum of colonic complications can occur in patients with colon cancer. Clinically, some of these complications can obscure the presence of underlying malignancies in the colon and these complications may require emergency surgical management. The complications of the colon that can be associated with colon cancer include obstruction, perforation, abscess formation, acute appendicitis, ischemic colitis and intussusception. Although the majority of these complications only rarely occur, familiarity with the various manifestations of colon cancer complications will facilitate making an accurate diagnosis and administering prompt management in these situations. The purpose of this pictorial essay is to review the CT appearance of the colonic complications associated with colon cancer.
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PMID:CT findings of colonic complications associated with colon cancer. 2019 Oct 69


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