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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastrointestinal disease in middle Africa is changing. The traditional patterns were high frequencies of parasitic and infectious diseases and sigmoid volvulus, and low incidences of colonic polyps, carcinoma of the colon, appendicitis, diverticulosis, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The current disease patterns are compared with those for gastrointestinal disease in developed countries and etiological factors are discussed.
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PMID:Epidemiology of chronic intestinal disease in middle Africa. 44 97

A review of the surgical and autopsy records from two general hospitals in La Paz, Bolivia, discloses an incidence of colon and rectal disease, excluding hemorrhoids, of 0.6 per cent (138 of 22,361 surgical cases) and 2.5 per cent (16 of 640 consecutive autopsies). Acquired megacolon complicated by volvulus represented more than half of all cases in the surgical series. Ulcerative colitis, diverticular disease, and neoplastic polyps represented less than 10 per cent of the cases of colonic disease. Only ten cases of carcinoma of the colon were seen, whereas five cases of granulomatous colitis or ileocolitis were detected in the same surgical material. Among sixty-four lesions of the rectum, so-called retention polyps accounted for 54.5 per cent of the cases, with carcinoma next in frequency (25 per cent), and the remainder being different varieties of inflammatory conditions. In the autopsy material almost half of the cases were infectious conditions, followed by congenital malformations and complicated acquired megacolon. No case of diverticular disease of the colon or neoplastic polyps was seen, and there was only one case of cancer of the large bowel. Because of the high incidence of acquired megacolon and the low incidence of cancer, ulcerative colitis, adenomatous polyps, and diverticular disease of the colon, possible etiopathogenic factors of these conditions are discussed in comparison with their incidence in other developed and developing countries of the world.
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PMID:Diseases of the colon and rectum in Bolivia. 113 Jun 11

A retrospective analysis of data from 69 patients treated by Hartmann's operation between 1981 and 1991 determined prognostic factors for colon continuity re-establishment and the mortality of this second intervention. The 15 patients who died during the first month after the Hartmann's operation were excluded from the study, the 54 survivors including 32 men and 22 women, mean age 68 +/- 12 years (range 19 to 87 years). The initial indication for surgery was: complicated sigmoid diverticulis (n = 26), cancer of colon (n = 14) or other site (n = 14). Colon continuity was re-established in 23 patients (42.6%), including 15 men and 8 women, mean age 60 +/- 10 years (range 38 to 78 years). In this latter group, 82.6% of the patients were under 70 years of age, indicative of a significant effect of age (p < 0.001) on re-establishment of continuity. Secondary anastomosis was obtained in 65.4% of cases of complicated sigmoid diverticulitis, whereas re-establishment of continuity was possible in only 7.1% of colon cancer patients (p < 0.001). The mean duration prior to re-establishment was 4.8 +/- 1.6 months (range 2.5 to 9 months). Morbidity was high (47.8%) and mortality 4.3% (1 patient). Hartmann's operation remains indicated for stages III and IV of complicated sigmoid diverticulosis, as well as for other benign affections (volvulus of sigmoid, perforation of sigmoid following injury), although it must be recognized that the possibilities of re-establishment are limited more in elderly patients and that fewer patients with colon cancer can benefit from the procedure. A period of 3 to 4 months appears sufficient to allow healing of the inflammatory phenomena of the initial operation, without the development of excessive retraction of the rectal stump.
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PMID:[Restoration of colonic continuity after Hartmann's operation]. 129 66

The authors have reported 61 emergency cases of left-sided colonic obstruction recorded over a period spanning for ten years. The observations break down showed that 44 patients had carcinoma of the colon; 9 presented with volvulus; 4 with diverticulitis; 1 with ischemic colitis, and 3 suffered from Ogilvie's syndrome. Surgical procedures, associated or not with cure, included colostomy (30 cases), colonoscopic detorsion (8 cases), resection (22 cases). The overall morbidity and mortality rates were 26% and 13%, respectively.
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PMID:[Emergency surgery of left colonic occlusion]. 263 69

Over the period 1963 to July 30, 1978 a total of 312 patients with clinical picture of acute or subacute mechanical ileus were admitted to the surgical department of the district hospital in Targovishte, and 227 of them were operated on as emergency cases. During the first period covering 1963-1970, the number of operated patients amounted to 78 of which eighteen - a 23.07 per cent lethality. During the second out of 149 patients operated on twenty-three died which makes a 15.63 per cent lethality. A detailed analysis is made of the factors influencing the treatment results, and the conclusion is reached that the age of patients, cause of obstruction and level of ileus have an essential practical bearing. It is assumed that in small intestinal ileus the 11.95 per cent lethality recorded among the 92 operated patients, against 26.3 per cent in the first period, is due first and foremost to the radical operative interventions applied, aimed not only to tackle the ileus problem but also to remove the prime cause of ileus, as well as to the measures undertaken - mesenteriplication after Childs-Philips and its modification - to prevent early and late recurrence of the ileus. The tactics adopted in the various forms of small intestinal ileus are analyzed in detail. The operative methods used and lethality recorded in colonic ileus are also analyzed. Here the condition presents volvulus of the sigma and carcinoma of the colon. The immediate results of the applied radical and palliative operations are evaluated. Radical surgery of the right half of the colon is more justified. Ileus of the left half of the colon demands meticulous assessment of the local status prior to take the decision about undertaking radical intervention on passage indications. The indications for resection of the colon and its completion with anastomosis or provisory preternatural anus are discussed. The lethality rate recorded in 57 patients operated for colonic ileus during the second period amounts to 21 per cent.
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PMID:[Results and conclusions based on our experience with the surgical treatment of mechanical intestinal obstruction]. 744 69

We report the first case of sigmoid volvulus after laparoscopic surgery for sigmoid colon cancer. The patient is a 75-year-old man who presented with the sudden onset of severe abdominal pain. He had undergone laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for cancer 2 years before presentation. CT scan showed a distended sigmoid colon with a mesenteric twist, or "whirl sign." Colonoscopy showed a mucosal spiral and luminal stenosis with dilated sigmoid colon distally and ischemic mucosa. The diagnosis of ischemic colonic necrosis due to sigmoid volvulus was established. Resection of the necrotic sigmoid colon was performed and a descending colon stoma was created. A long remnant sigmoid colon and chronic constipation may contribute to the development of sigmoid volvulus after laparoscopic sigmoidectomy. Prompt diagnosis is essential for adequate treatment, and colonoscopy aids in the diagnosis of ischemic changes in patients without definitive findings of a gangrenous colon.
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PMID:Sigmoid volvulus after laparoscopic surgery for sigmoid colon cancer. 2387 14

Large bowel obstruction (LBO) is associated with high morbidity and mortality due to delayed diagnosis and/or treatment. MDCT has become the standard of care to identify the site, severity, and etiology of obstruction. The goal of this review is fourfold. The first objective is to give clues to differentiate LBO from colonic pseudo-obstruction. The second objective is to describe CT features in the most common cause of LBO which is colonic cancer by illustrating classical and atypical features of colonic cancer responsible for LBO and by giving the features which must be reported when differentiating malignant from benign: presence of local lymph nodes, other colic localizations, length of involved segment, presence of diverticula, or other. The third objective is to illustrate the various causes of LBO which can mimic a colon cancer by leading to a thickening of the colonic wall: diverticulitis, ischemic colitis, endometriosis, inflammatory disease and to give tips which permit to evoke another diagnosis than a colon cancer in patient with a LBO and a thickening of the colic wall. The fourth objective is to describe the common signs of cecal and sigmoid volvulus and to give tips for a diagnosis sometimes difficult particularly for cecal volvulus: one of two transition points according to the type of volvulus and the presence of a whirl sign with a torsion of the mesenteric vessels.
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PMID:Large-bowel obstruction: CT findings, pitfalls, tips and tricks. 3304 Oct 82