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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although many monoclonal antibodies have been made in human colon cancer, none of them are from the Chinese species. Recently, a colon cancer cell line CC-M2 established from a Chinese patient has been completely characterized and used as immunogen to produce monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies were produced by standard hybridoma technique. The fusion rate was 95.8%. An isotype IgG1 of high proliferation named as Sam-2 was used in this study. The titers were measured around 10(4). Further studies on MoAb Sam-2 through indirect immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase tests revealed its good specificity and sensitivity in colorectal cancer tissue. In CEA study, the result indicated that Sam-2 may react on a non-CEA related antigen. For further clinical application, the antigen was identified as a glycoprotein by chemical resistant test. In preliminary studies using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting techniques, Sam-2 could recognize two closed antigens or a dimer antigen with molecular weight 25.2 and 27 Kd respectively.
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PMID:[Production and characterization of monoclonal antibody against colon cancer associated antigen in Chinese]. 184 60

Recurrent disease from colorectal carcinomas is common. 25 percent of patients have apparent metastases at the time of first detection of the tumor, and at least 50% of patients die from their tumor. The aim of the postoperative follow-up of patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum is thus to detect recurrent tumor when cure is still possible. Clinical examination and CEA-measurement is widely recommended as a reliable indicator for recurrence and metastases of colonic cancer. This may be combined with regular coloscopic surveillance for detection of anastomotic recurrences or a second colonic cancer. In case of suspicion of a recurrence or metastasis a full range of examinations should be performed to detect the site of recurrent tumor and to exclude wide spread disease. In case of a circumscribed lesion the patients may benefit from local radical resection. Patients with four or less unilateral liver metastases show a five year disease free survival reported of more than 30% and a disease free survival reported of more than 25%. Unfortunately because of wide spread misunderstanding of the potential of hepatic Rx only about 1/3 of potentially curatively resectable patients with liver metastases finally undergo liver surgery. A more active policy towards patients with colorectal disease concerning surveillance may lead to a better survival in selected cases.
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PMID:[Colorectal cancers: therapy of recurrences and metastases]. 192 5

The early diagnosis of anastomotic recurrence after surgery for carcinoma of the colon and rectum is difficult. Whether repeat colonoscopy and serial serum CEA measurements were useful in diagnosing early anastomotic recurrence was examined. A total of 112 patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum who had undergone resection and anastomosis were followed with frequent colonoscopy and serum CEA measurements. Seventeen patients developed anastomotic recurrence. Fourteen patients had elevated serum CEA levels, and 15 patients had endoscopic evidence suggesting recurrence at the anastomotic site. CT scans of the abdomen and pelvis demonstrated metastatic disease in seven patients, localized anastomotic disease in six patients, and no evidence of disease in four patients. Laparotomy was then carried out in 10 patients. In eight of 10 patients, it was possible to resect localized disease. In a 3-year follow-up study, eight patients were alive, four without any evidence of recurrent disease. Repeat colonoscopy and serum CEA measurements are recommended as postoperative surveillance for carcinoma of the colon and rectum. In select cases laparotomy and resection may prolong survival.
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PMID:Anastomotic recurrence of carcinoma of the colon and rectum. The value of endoscopy and serum CEA levels. 203 34

The frequent coexistence of adenoma with primary carcinoma of the colon and their association with higher incidences of both synchronous and metachronous carcinomas offers only circumstantial evidence that adenomas are premalignant lesions. Detailed histopathologic investigations, however, have documented the transition from adenoma to carcinoma. Although the common, minute adenomatous polyp has a low potential of malignancy, the risk increases with size, villous architecture and degree of epithelial dysplasia. Furthermore, the association of dysplasia, which shares many adenomatous features with carcinoma in patients with chronic ulcerative colitis, and the inevitable development of adenomatous polyps followed by carcinoma of the colon and rectum in patients with familial polyposis further support this concept. Most colorectal malignant lesions, therefore, are believed to progress through the adenoma to carcinoma sequence. Moreover, histochemical investigations have demonstrated that abnormalities of DNA content, enzyme activities, CEA expression and mucin composition are shared by both adenoma and carcinoma. Thus, the malignancy potential of adenoma of the colon and rectum is reflected not only in the overt histologic transition to carcinoma, but in the disruption of the genetic and biochemical control mechanisms of cellular function as well.
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PMID:The adenoma to carcinoma sequence. 216 17

We tested whether nuclear imaging with indium111 (111In)-labeled murine monoclonal (MoAb) anticarcinoembryonic antigen (anti-CEA) ZCE-025 antibody could detect recurrent disease in patients with a rising serum CEA level but negative findings for computed tomographic (CT) scans of the abdomen and pelvis, chest radiograph, and colonoscopy or barium enema. Twenty patients with a history of completely resected CEA-producing adenocarcinoma (18 with colon cancer, one with breast cancer, and one with Hodgkin's disease) and a rising serum CEA level were given an intravenous infusion of 2 mg of 111In-labeled ZCE-025 mixed with 38 mg of unlabeled ZCE-025. Planar and single-photon emission CT (SPECT) scans were acquired at 72 and 144 hours, and in 19 of the 20 patients these were positive. Of those 19, 13 underwent exploratory surgery, and cancer was found in 10, and two had a diagnostic biopsy, which confirmed cancer. Three patients who had negative laparotomies and all four patients who did not undergo surgery or biopsy were followed radiologically. In all seven, cancer was subsequently detected at the sites suggested by the ZCE-025 scan. Thus, tumor was confirmed in all 19 patients with positive scans. Five of 13 patients who were explored benefited from the study and the exploratory laparotomy, as disease was entirely resected in four or was subjected to definitive radiation therapy to the pelvis in the fifth. In two additional patients who were not explored, MoAb imaging resulted in definitive therapy to regionally confined recurrent disease. 111In-labeled anti-CEA MoAb ZCE-025 scanning in patients with rising CEA successfully imaged metastatic colorectal cancer that eluded detection by other methods and affected the care given to some. These results suggest an important role for 111In-labeled ZCE-025 scanning among patients with rising CEA and otherwise occult metastatic cancer.
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PMID:Imaging with indium111-labeled anticarcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody ZCE-025 of recurrent colorectal or carcinoembryonic antigen-producing cancer in patients with rising serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels and occult metastases. 219 20

Flow cytometric DNA content analysis is a rapid, quantitative method of determining the DNA ploidy status and proliferative index of a given tumor. Abnormal DNA content, or aneuploidy, has been recognized as a marker of malignancy and is present in about 70 per cent of solid tumors. In the majority of solid tumors, the consensus is that the presence of an aneuploid tumor predicts a poorer over-all survival rate and a shorter disease-free interval, indicating that patients with diploid tumors have a more favorable prognosis than those with aneuploid tumors. The prognostic implications of an abnormal DNA content, therefore, suggest either a higher risk of relapse, a worsening of survival rate or a risk for progression of disease in stages I and II carcinoma of the breast, carcinoma of the colon and rectum, superficial carcinoma of the bladder and malignant melanoma. Thus, the assessment of cellular DNA content should be regarded as an additional prognostic determinant and should play an ancillary role in the decisions regarding the management of patients with malignant disease. With the introduction of more sophisticated technology, it will be possible to simultaneously assay for DNA ploidy and cell cycle distribution in addition to a series of tumor markers, such as CEA, and various products of oncogenes, thus providing further understanding of the heterogeneity of solid tumor cells.
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PMID:Flow cytometry and prognostic implications in patients with solid tumors. 220 Oct 96

The primary aim of postoperative surveillance of patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum is to detect recurrent tumor when cure is still possible. Most recurrences are detected within 30 months after the initial operation. Patients who have had carcinoma of the colon and rectum must be observed not only because of the risk of recurrence or metastatic disease but also because of the increased risk of subsequent primary carcinomas of the colon and rectum as well as of other sites. Careful history-taking and thorough physical examination provide the first indication of tumor recurrence in as many as 48 per cent of instances. Although the liver is the most common site of metastases from carcinoma of the colon, liver chemistry tests are seldom the first to indicate recurrent disease. Fecal occult blood testing, roentgenography with barium enema and colonoscopy are useful surveillance tools, not for detecting recurrences but for detecting second primary carcinomas. Imaging techniques, such as intravenous pyelography, CT and scintigraphy of liver and spleen are generally not cost-effective in surveillance, but MRI and ultrasonography have shown some promise in detection of recurrence without exposing patients to ionizing radiation. The most effective indicator of recurrent disease is a progressive increase in serial levels of CEA. When CEA levels rise and other methods of imaging cannot account for the change, second-look operation is generally appropriate.
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PMID:Surveillance strategies after resection of carcinoma of the colon and rectum. 220 Oct 97

We characterized the tumorigenic and metastatic potential of a poorly differentiated, non-CEA-producing colon cancer cell line, MIP-101, after injection at different sites in athymic mice. After subcutaneous and intrasplenic injection tumor grew locally in 100 and 50%, respectively, but no metastases were found, even after intravenous injection. Intraperitoneal implantation, however, resulted in a high tumor take (10/10) and subsequent liver colonization (8/10 mice). Exogenous CEA prior to intrasplenic injection induced metastasis in 7/8 mice (in 2 mice to the liver and in 5 mice to the lung). Intrasplenic injection of CX-1, a good CEA producer, resulted in hepatic metastases in 100% of the animals. These data suggest a direct or indirect role of CEA in the metastatic process. We conclude that MIP-101 has a high tumorigenic and invasive potential but a low metastatic proclivity, except when grown in the peritoneum, and that pretreatment of tumor-bearing animals with CEA affects the metastatic proclivity.
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PMID:Characterization of the tumorigenic and metastatic potential of a poorly differentiated human colon cancer cell line. 222 14

Total, free, and acetylated polyamine concentrations were measured simultaneously in colon tissue, serum, and urine of 50 patients with histologically proven colorectal cancer, 40 patients with nonmalignant gastrointestinal diseases, and 30 healthy volunteers. Compared with histologically unaffected colon tissue, concentrations were significantly (P less than 0.001) higher for putrescine, elevated for cadaverine, and nearly identical for spermidine and spermine in colon carcinoma, whereas N1-acetylated and N8-acetylated spermidine were detectable in cancer tissue only. Serum and urine concentrations of all polyamines except total cadaverine and spermine in serum and free spermine in urine were significantly elevated compared with healthy controls and highest sensitivity for colon cancer was found for total spermidine (89.15%) in serum and acetylputrescine (84.5%), total putrescine (84.0%), N1-acetylspermidine (79.3%), and total spermidine (92.1%) in urine. However, nonmalignant gastrointestinal diseases partly showed similar elevations which resulted in a low specificity for polyamines in colorectal cancer. Therefore, polyamines are of little value only as diagnostic markers in colorectal carcinoma. Since polyamine concentrations in serum and urine normalized in patients after curative operation while they were further elevated in patients with proven tumor relapse or metastases, these substances might play a clinical role in predicting therapeutic success or indicating relapse of the tumor. Although a significant dependency of polyamine concentrations in serum or urine to Dukes' classification, tumor localization, CEA, CA 19-9, or CA 125 did not exist, a significant linear correlation was found for tumor size.
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PMID:Polyamines in colorectal cancer. Evaluation of polyamine concentrations in the colon tissue, serum, and urine of 50 patients with colorectal cancer. 229 64

The biodistribution of the 202 monoclonal antibody against CEA labeled with 88Y by the bicyclic DTPA anhydride method was studied in normal Balb/c mice. The in vitro binding to 1 X 10(7) CO112, LS174T and WiDR colon cancer cells was 21.0, 27.3 and 18.8%, respectively. The binding to an equal number of KM-3 leukemia cells and normal human lymphocytes was 8.9 and 3.2%, respectively. Liver, spleen, kidney and blood were the tissues that showed the highest uptake of radiolabeled antibody in vivo.
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PMID:Radiolabeling of monoclonal antibody against carcinoembryonic antigen with 88Y and biodistribution studies. 241 85


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