Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of supranormal temperatures upon normal human cells (derived from normal adult and embryonal tissues) and neoplastic human cells (derived from biopsies of malignant tumors) have been quantitatively studied in tissue culture. Melanoma cells have been compared with melanocytes derived from fetal uveas. Colon carcinoma cells have been compared with embryonal intestinal epithelial cells. Malignant neuroepithelial cells derived from a teratocarcinoma of the ovary have been compared with neuroepithelial cells derived from fetal brain. Fibrosarcoma cells have been compared with normal adult fibroblasts. All cells defined as neoplastic have produced malignant tumors when injected into nude thymus-deficient mice at doses of 1 X 10(7) cells or less. Exposure to temperatures of 42.5-43.0 degrees for 4 to 8 hr has been shown to have significantly greater lethal effect on the tumor cells than on the nonneoplastic cells.
 ...
PMID:Selective lethal effect of supranormal temperatures on human neoplastic cells. 97 42

Allogeneic immune RNA (I-RNA), extracted from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients putatively cured of cancer, mediated cytotoxic immune reactions that apparently were directed specifically against human tumor-associated antigens. I-RNA was extracted from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with various types of cancer. Patients selected had not been previously sensitized to HL-A or other normal transplantation antigens or to blood group antigens. Normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes were incubated with these allogeneic I-RNA preparations and tested for cytotoxicity against human target cells in vitro. Allogeneic I-RNA mediated cytotoxic immune reactions only against tumor target cells of the same histologic type as the I-RNA donor. I-RNA's extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes of melanoma patients mediated cytotoxic immune reactions only against melanoma cells. Similarly, only I-RNA's extracted from the lymphocytes of patients with colon cancer mediated cytotoxic immune reactions against colon carcinoma cells, and only I-RNA's from the lymphocytes of breast cancer patients mediated immune reactions against breast cancer target cells. Allogeneic I-RNA extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes of cancer patients possibly mediated specific cytotoxic immune reactions that were directed against common tumor-associated antigens shared by human tumors of similar histologic type.
 ...
PMID:Mediation of cytotoxic immune responses against human tumor-associated antigens by allogeneic immune RNA. 100 93

The purpose of this study was to develop an animal model of rectal cancer. Three murine-derived cell lines, B16 melanoma, CT26 and MCA38 colon carcinoma, as well as the human colon cancer cell line LS174T were injected into the submucosa of the mouse rectum. Subcutaneous CT26 anbd B16 tumours and intra-caecal CT26 tumours served as controls for tumourigenicity of the cell lines. B16 melanoma produced a locally aggressive rectal tumour as well as skin and para-aortic lymph node metastases. CT26 produced local tumour when injected intra-rectally and colon tumours and liver metastases when injected into the caecum. MCA38 and LS174T intra-rectal injections resulted in large rectal carcinomas without metastases. We believe that growth of a colon cancer cell line in the rectum approximates the human disease more closely than other models of colorectal cancer. We would expect that the model could similarly be utilized to assess the effects of novel adjuvant treatments for rectal cancer as well as in the study of the tumour biology of rectal cancer.
 ...
PMID:Intra-rectal injection of tumour cells: a novel animal model of rectal cancer. 134 Dec 58

The purpose of this study was to determine whether nm23 steady-state mRNA expression levels correlate with metastatic potential of mouse K-1735 melanoma cells, human KM12 colon cancer cells, and human SN12 renal cancer cells. Since neoplasms are heterogeneous and contain subpopulations of cells with different metastatic potentials, we analyzed multiple sets of nonmetastatic and metastatic clones isolated from each neoplasm. In addition, we also examined nine somatic cell hybrids produced by the fusion of nonmetastatic and metastatic K-1735 clones. In the mouse melanoma, we found heterogeneity in nm23-1 steady-state expression levels among the clones and hybrids that did not correlate with their metastatic phenotype. Clones isolated from human colon or renal carcinomas expressed similar levels of nm23-HI regardless of metastatic potential in nude mice. All of the human tumor cells were heterozygous for the nm23-HI-specific allelic DNA fragments, with no allelic deletions or gross alterations detected. Since the failure of tumor cells to produce metastasis can be due to multiple deficiencies, these data stress the importance of using independent clones with different metastatic potentials for the analysis of gene regulation of this process.
 ...
PMID:Expression level of the nm23 gene in clonal populations of metastatic murine and human neoplasms. 139 7

Mannich bases were synthesized and converted to the corresponding arylhydrazones. X-ray analysis of a ketone (1a) and a hydrazone (4d) revealed structural features of interest. All of the compounds showed cytotoxicity toward murine lymphocytic leukemia L1210 cells in the 4.9-25.0-microM range. The correlation coefficients generated by plotting the IC50 values (the concentrations of compounds that inhibit the growth of tumors by 50%) of some hydrazones against certain electronic, hydrophobic, and steric constants of the aryl substituents indicated only weak correlations. A few ketones and hydrazones displayed significant cytotoxicity to the WiDr human colon cancer cells, and these derivatives, especially the ketones, may serve as prototypes for future drug development. The KB tumor (a human epidermoid carcinoma of the nasopharynx) was somewhat refractory to selected compounds. In an in vitro assay conducted by the National Cancer Institute and involving approximately 53 tumor cell lines originating from eight neoplastic diseases, 65% of the compounds showed some selectivity toward one or more groups of cancers, principally leukemia, melanoma, and colon cancer. The bioevaluation of the ketones and hydrazones against the L1210, WiDr, and KB tumors, as well as evidence from proton nuclear magnetic resonance studies did not support the suggestion that hydrazones may be prodrugs of the corresponding ketones.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of cytotoxicity of some Mannich bases of various aryl and arylidene ketones and their corresponding arylhydrazones. 149 28

In a search for new anticancer agents fluorine bearing trisubstituted 3-thioxo-1,2,4-triazin-5-ones (2-12) have been prepared and characterized by their elemental analysis, UV, IR and 1H-NMR spectral data. The in vitro anticancer activity of all the compounds has been determined. Compounds 3 and 7 showed a moderate activity against Leukemia/Lymphoma, Small/Non small Cell Lung, Colon carcinoma and Melanoma Cells.
 ...
PMID:Synthesis of some new fluorine bearing trisubstituted 3-thioxo-1,2,4-triazin-5-ones as potential anticancer agents. 150 95

The production of tumor-binding antibodies was studied in a group of cancer patients undergoing active specific immunotherapy with irradiated, cholesterol-treated, cell culture-derived autologous tumor cells injected by the intralymphatic route. Fifteen patients were analyzed: nine patients (four melanoma, one breast, one sarcoma, one colon, and one undifferentiated cancer) received three injections of 10 to 15 x 10(6) tumor cells, spaced 2 weeks apart, and six patients (two melanoma, two renal, one breast, and one colon cancer) received tumor cells admixed with 3 x 10(6) U recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) (Proleukin, Cetus, Emeryville, CA, USA) plus a 10-day intravenous infusion of 15 x 10(6) U/kg/day IL-2 after each immunization. Serum antibody binding to autologous tumor cells was measured at 2 and 4 weeks after initiation of therapy using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with patient serum being added to adherent tumor cells bound to 96-well microtiter plates. After 4 weeks, we found a significant difference (0.02 less than P less than 0.04) in serum titer in the group receiving IL-2 (33% mean increase) compared with the non-IL-2 group (8% mean increase). Although neither group showed clinical improvement in response to the therapy, the results clearly demonstrated the efficacy of IL-2 in augmenting patient antibody response to autologous intralymphatic tumor cell immunization.
 ...
PMID:Interleukin-2 increases the antibody response in patients receiving autologous intralymphatic tumor cell vaccine immunotherapy. 151 96

The exact risk of developing a second primary cancer following radiotherapy for testicular seminoma is not known. At the Northern Israel Oncology Center, between the years 1968-1988, 75 patients with early stage (I,IIA) testicular seminoma were treated by orchiectomy followed by radiation therapy. The overall 10- and 20-year survival probability was 95% and 90%, respectively. Eight patients (11%) developed nine second cancers, with a cumulative rate of one case per 1,000 years of follow-up. The second primary cancers were: two bronchogenic carcinomas, one contralateral seminoma, one thymoma, one papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, one carcinoma of the stomach, one transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, one carcinoma of the colon, and one malignant melanoma. Three of these tumors developed within the irradiated field. Five of these eight patients are alive with no evidence of recurrent cancer. We conclude that patients treated for seminoma have an increased risk of developing a second cancer. There is a need for greater awareness of this possibility. The overall prognosis remains favorable.
 ...
PMID:Second cancer in patients treated for testicular seminoma. 154 75

Recent progress in elucidating the complex and heterogeneous interactions between malignancy and coagulation or fibrinolysis reactions in humans has clarified the pathogenesis of disseminated intravascular coagulation that occurs with malignancy and has revealed evidence for two distinct pathways of growth regulation based on production by tumor cells of initiators of thrombin formation versus plasminogen activators. We have proposed a preliminary classification of tumors (see Table 2) based on these interactions. Type I tumors are those in which the tumor cells are associated with an intact coagulation pathway that leads to thrombin formation at the tumor periphery but in which the tumor cells lack u-PA. Examples of tumors in this category include SCCL, malignant melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma. Type II tumors are those in which the tumor cells express u-PA but lack an associated coagulation pathway leading to thrombin formation. Examples of type II tumors include prostate cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, and N-SCLC. Type III tumors are those that express neither of these pathways, or exhibit some other pattern of interaction. Obviously, this formulation must be regarded as hypothetical. However, this concept fits with the limited data available to date from clinical trials. More importantly, this hypothesis can be tested further by means of intervention aimed at interrupting pathways relevant to specific tumor types. Characterization of additional tumor types by the methods described should permit amplification of this classification of tumors and other patterns of interaction may be defined. Exploration of the coagulation-cancer interaction holds considerable promise for gaining new understanding of both the coagulation mechanism and tumor biology. Most intriguing is the prospect that imaginative approaches to cancer treatment may be devised that are not only relatively nontoxic and low cost, but also effective.
 ...
PMID:Pathways of coagulation/fibrinolysis activation in malignancy. 157 11

Aberrant signal transduction has been implicated in malignant transformation, growth, and progression. This has led to the proposal to use inhibitors of signal transduction pathways to treat cancer. One approach to circumventing potential toxicity and improving efficacy would be to target pathways upon which cancer cells selectively depend. Pathways associated with the malignant process involve calcium fluxes, the release of arachidonic acid, and the generation of phosphoinositides. In this report, CAI (L651582, NSC 609974), a substituted carboxyamido-imidazole and novel inhibitor of these selected signal transduction pathways, inhibits anchorage-dependent and -independent growth in a large series of human cancer cell lines. CAI pretreatment of HT-29 human colon cancer and 5R ras-transfected rat embryo fibroblast cells inhibits the formation and growth of experimental pulmonary metastases in nude mice. Oral administration of CAI in PEG-400 vehicle arrests growth and metastasis of transplanted human melanoma and ovarian cancer xenografts. No significant gross or histological toxicity was observed at CAI doses yielding blood levels in the concentration range demonstrated to inhibit select signal transduction pathways in vitro. These data indicate the feasibility and demonstrate a potential selectivity and sensitivity of using specific signal transduction inhibitors for the experimental treatment of cancer.
 ...
PMID:In vivo efficacy of a novel inhibitor of selected signal transduction pathways including calcium, arachidonate, and inositol phosphates. 159 30


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>