Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Soft tissue sarcoma and malignant lymphoma have been related to exposure to chlorinated phenoxy acids or chlorophenols as well as exposure to organic solvents and malignant lymphoma. However, colon cancer studied by the same case-referent design did not show any such associations, which helps to rule out alleged systematical bias of the study approach. Further considerations about exposure routes for phenoxy acids and chlorophenols suggested that nasal and nasopharyngeal cancers should be studied. Forty-four cases with nasal cancer and 27 cases with nasopharyngeal cancer were eligible for study during 1970-1979 together with 541 referents, as utilized also in the aforementioned studies. Exposure to phenoxy acids gave formally a doubled but insignificant risk for the studied cancer types. Exposure to chlorophenols, as present particularly in woodwork, was related to an about sevenfold and significant increase in the risk for both cancer types. In woodworkers without exposure to chlorophenols there was an approximate normal risk, but cabinet makers, even without exposure to chlorophenols, had nearly doubled (but insignificant) risk of nasal cancer.
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PMID:Epidemiological study of nasal and nasopharyngeal cancer and their relation to phenoxy acid or chlorophenol exposure. 630 19

Thirty-eight (51%) of 75 patients treated with CHOP for diffuse histiocytic lymphoma achieved complete remission. Twenty-three of the complete responders are currently alive in complete remission 24-78 months (median, 38 months) after discontinuing therapy. Eleven patients died from recurrent lymphoma and four patients died in complete remission from other causes. Evaluation of the 23 patients alive in complete remission found them mostly well and without serious sequelae to therapy. Comparison with 20 patients who were in the same age range, were disease free after surgery, and had no other therapy for colon cancer revealed only an increased frequency of sexual dysfunction in the chemotherapy-treated lymphoma patients. Sixty-one percent of patients who achieved complete remission with the CHOP regimen are long-term disease-free survivors and are generally well except for an apparently high frequency of sexual dysfunction.
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PMID:Long-term remission durability and functional status of patients treated for diffuse histiocytic lymphoma with the CHOP regimen. 637 23

A new radioimmunoassay for alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) for monitoring the therapy of cancer patients was evaluated. Plasma levels of this glycoprotein were measured in 49 normal healthy volunteers, 71 patients with illnesses other than cancer, 190 patients with solid tumors, and 58 patients with hematologic neoplasms. Plasma levels of AGP were elevated in 89% of the solid tumor patients and 87% of the patients with hematologic neoplasms who had newly diagnosed, locally recurrent, or metastatic cancer. Only 18% of patients with illnesses other than cancer and normal renal function had elevations of plasma AGP. Serial measurements of AGP may be useful for monitoring therapy in several tumor types, including small-cell lung cancer, colon cancer, lymphoma, and non-small-cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Evaluation of a radioimmunoassay for alpha 1-acid glycoprotein to monitor therapy of cancer patients. 657 6

Concurrent administration of allopurinol allows escalation of 5-FU doses in man when 5-FU is given by continuous infusion for 5 days. Forty-nine patients received 81 courses of treatment with 5-FU and allopurinol in phase I and II trials. The dose-limiting toxicity was mucositis; marrow toxicity was mild. Neurotoxicity, possibly related to 5-FU, occurred in eight patients. No responses were seen in 14 evaluable patients with colon cancer, 11 of whom had had prior 5-FU. One patient with Hodgkin's disease had a partial response; one patient with diffuse histiocytic lymphoma had transient disease regression. Although allopurinol does modify the toxicity of 5-FU, permitting dose escalation, it does not increase the therapeutic index in colon cancer. Infusional 5-FU deserves further study in lymphoma.
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PMID:5-FU and allopurinol: toxicity modulation and phase II results in colon cancer. 708 15

Human tumor stem cell assay is an in vitro colony-forming technique. Double soft agar layers are used for culture tumor cells and cell lethality is judged by the numbers of colony formation in this assay. Single-cell suspension made from various malignant materials in cancer patients is placed in culture after exposing to various anticancer agents for one hour and incubated for two weeks. Antitumor effects of various anticancer agents against individual patients are evaluated by % inhibition of colony formation. Of 57 tumor specimens 42 (74%) formed at least five colonies per plate (per 0.5 x 10(6) cells). The colony-forming rates of various malignancies are as follows: breast cancer 14/15 (93%), ovarian cancer 8/10 (80%), stomach cancer 5/13 (38%), sarcoma 4/5 (80%), lung cancer 1/4 (25%), colon cancer 3/3, each of pancreas cancer, leukemia and primary unknown adenocarcinoma 2/2, malignant lymphoma 1/1. The median plating efficiency (number of colonies/number of nucleated cells plated) is 0.02% (range: 0.001-0.3%). High correlation between human tumor stem cell assay results and response of an individual patient's tumor to chemotherapy is reported by Salmon and Von Hoff. Human tumor stem cell assay is useful tool for the high prediction of chemosensitivity response.
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PMID:[Human tumor stem cell assay]. 718 17

Streptococcus bovis bacteremia is an important early clue to the presence of serious and clinically unexpected gastrointestinal disease, particularly carcinoma of the colon. S. bovis bacteremia has also been associated with carcinoma of the esophagus and stomach, gastric lymphoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, intestinal diverticulosis and single adenomatous polyps and villous polyps of the colon. We report a patient with S. bovis endocarditis as the initial clinical manifestation of extensive polyposis of the colon and rectum. All patients with S. bovis bacteremia need thorough investigation of their gastrointestinal tract even in the absence of symptoms, signs, or positive laboratory tests suggestive of gastrointestinal pathology.
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PMID:Polyposis coli presenting with Streptococcus bovis endocarditis. 725 78

We have utilized a recently developed human tumor cloning system to screen for antitumor effects in vitro of a new anthracene derivative, CL216,942. The object was to determine whether the system is useful for pinpointing the types of tumors in patients which should be studied in early phase II clinical trials. Tumors from 684 patients were placed in culture (27 different histologic tumor types). Two hundred seventy-three tumors both grew and formed enough colonies for drug sensitivity assays. In vitro antitumor activity was noted for CL216,942 against human breast cancer, ovarian cancer, renal cancer, squamous cell, small cell and large cell lung cancer, lymphoma, acute myelogenous leukemia, melanoma, adenocarcinoma of unknown origin, adrenal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and head and neck cancer. The drug definitely showed no in vitro activity against colon cancer. These data indicate that CL216,942 has a wide spectrum of in vitro antitumor activity. A comparison of these in vitro results with the results of phase II clinical trials with the drug should allow an evaluation of the utility of the human cloning system for predicting clinical activity of a new compound.
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PMID:Activity of 9-10 anthracenedicarboxaldehyde bis[(4,5-dihydro-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)hydrazone]dihydrochloride (CL216,942) in a human tumor cloning system. Leads for phase II trials in man. 730 32

An association between exposure to phenoxy acids or chlorophenols and soft-tissue sarcoma and malignant lymphoma has previously been reported. An association between exposure to organic solvents and malignant lymphoma has been demonstrated as well. In the present investigation the validity of the assessment of exposure to phenoxy acids and chlorophenols in the previous studies has been further analyzed, partly through a reconsideration of original data and partly through the utilization of another cancer type (colon cancer) for comparison. No observational bias was found which could distort the earlier findings. No significant association was found for these chemicals and colon cancer, whereas exposure to asbestos showed about a twofold increase in risk for colon cancer, an occurrence in agreement with previously reported findings.
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PMID:Relation of soft-tissue sarcoma, malignant lymphoma and colon cancer to phenoxy acids, chlorophenols and other agents. 731 16

Phase I observations of combined therapy with thymidine (TdR) and 5-fluorouracil (FU) have demonstrated that when TdR is administered by rapid infusion at a dose of 7.5 or 15g and FU is given by bolus injection 60 minutes after the start of the TdR dose, the biologic activity of Fu is increased five- to eight-fold. The observed toxicity is primarily hematopoietic: 15g TdR and 7.5 or 10mg/kg FU produced median white blood count nadirs of 2,600 on day 16 and platelet count nadirs of 150,000 on day 14. The combined therapy produced two partial remissions in 18 patients with colon cancer, 17 of which had experienced progression of disease on FU containing regimens. Partial remissions were also obtained in two heavily pretreated patients with ovarian cancer and diffuse, poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma. Plasma analyses for TdR and FU and their metabolic products by high pressure liquid chromatography have demonstrated a marked elevation and prolongation of FU levels. The beta phase T 1/2 for 7.5mg/kg FU were: FU alone 6 minutes, 7.5g TdR + FU 135 minutes, 15g TdR + FU 188 minutes, and TdR 45g + FU 190 minutes. The addition of TdR all but eliminated oxidative metabolism of FU; renal clearance became the primary detoxification route. Thymidine levels exceeded 10(-3)M; the beta phase T 1/2 of TdR varied with the administered dose: 3gTdR, 7 minutes; 7.5g TdR, 24 minutes; 15g TdR, 52 minutes; and 45g TdR, 98 minutes.
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PMID:Combination clinical trials with thymidine and fluorouracil: a phase I and clinical pharmacologic evaluation. 735 8

The activity of the protein tyrosine kinase pp60c-src was determined for each of the 60 human cell lines in the panel used by the National Cancer Institute for the random screening of potential anticancer drugs. The leukemia, lymphoma, melanoma, and small-cell lung cancer derived cell lines had low pp60c-src activity. Surprisingly, non-small-cell lung and ovarian cell lines had a median pp60c-src activity which was greater than that of the panel of cells representing colon cancer, which is most often associated with elevated pp60c-src activity. This data defines homologous cell lines which contain low and high pp60c-src activity which will aid attempts to understand the role of this enzyme in human cancer.
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PMID:Activity of pp60c-src in 60 different cell lines derived from human tumors. 753 73


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