Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lipotropin (LPH) has been evaluated as a potential tumor marker using a sensitive beta melanocyte-stimulating hormone (beta MSH) radioimmunoassay. All 79 acetic acid extracts of carcinomas of lung, colon, stomach, esophagus and breast contained LPH in concentrations greater than blood; 61 of 79 extracts contained LPH in larger amounts than control tissues from patients without cancer. In a blind prospective study, plasma LPH was quantified in 107 patients admitted for work-up because of an abnormality on a chest roentgenogram. Thirty-one of 33 patients subsequently diagnosed as having benign lesions had plasma LPH within the 95 per cent confidence limits of normal subjects whereas 28 (36 per cent) of the 74 patients subsequently diagnosed histologically as having primary lung carcinoma had elevated levels. In control studies, 13 of 100 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had elevated plasma LPH levels; three of the 13 with elevated levels and four with normal levels have been diagnosed, during the two years of follow-up, as having lung carcinoma. In control studies of 23 patients with granulomatous lung disease, 22 had normal levels of LPH. In those with carcinoma of the colon elevated plasma LPH levels were observed in two of 21 untreated patients and in 11 of 61 patients receiving noncurative chemotherapy. Elevated plasma LPH levels were also observed in 10 of 59 patients with breast cancer, eight of 28 with pancreatic cancer, eight of 22 with gastric or esophageal cancer, six of 16 with renal cancer, four of eight with prostatic cancer, one of seven with cervical cancer and one of six with ovarian cancer. We conclude, an elevated LPH level is frequently observed in blood and tumor tissue from patients with various types of carcinoma.
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PMID:Ectopic production of lipotropin by cancer. 43 67

Reported is a rare case of a multiple peripheral pulmonary carcinoids showing a diffuse lung disease synchronously associated with a sigmoid colon cancer. An abnormal chest shadow was detected in a 75-year-old male by X ray during a periodic health examination. After admission to hospital for a more thorough examination he was found to have a sigmoid colon cancer. A CT scan of his chest suggested sarcoidosis, but the results of a bronchofiberscopic examination appeared normal. Subsequently, a TBLB specimen revealed typical carcinoid tumors. Thus, the diagnosis of diffuse multiple peripheral carcinoids was made. A surgical resection of the sigmoid colon cancer was performed successfully, but five months later, the patient died of acute pneumonia. An autopsy was not permitted. Also discussed are multiple pulmonary carcinoids and a double cancer.
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PMID:[A case of multiple peripheral pulmonary carcinoids showing a diffuse lung disease synchronously associated with sigmoid colon cancer]. 226 91

Since the 1970s, hygienic improvements have led to a reduction in the level of airborne pollutants in Danish foundries. This mortality study reflects the exposure situation prior to 1970, and the findings may be used as a baseline for future evaluations of the preventive impact of reduced exposure. Mortality data were derived from a historical cohort study in which 3,056 foundry workers were compared with 43,024 workers employed in other industries. The foundry workers' life-long risk of dying from pneumoconioses averaged 2% and the corresponding standardized mortality ratio (SMR) equaled 7,368 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 4,029-12,363). Excess mortality was also seen for chronic bronchitis and emphysema (SMR = 132, 95% CI: 98-185). Nonsignificant increases were seen for buccal cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, and urothelial cancer. In conclusion, Danish foundry workers exposed prior to 1970 seem to suffer an excess risk of devastating lung disease of occupational origin.
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PMID:A cohort mortality study of foundry workers. 921 51

Controversy exists as to the role of female reproductive hormones in asthma and COPD and, specifically, the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on these disorders. The differential incidence of asthma over the menstrual life cycle suggests an effect of female reproductive hormones on asthma; less data are available for COPD. Estrogen and progesterone have protean effects at the cellular level, consistent with potentially harmful and beneficial effects in lung disease. Large epidemiologic studies show an increased risk of development of asthma with the use of HRT but no consistent effects on COPD. Clinical and epidemiologic studies of exacerbations are limited, but suggest either a harmful effect or no effect of HRT on exacerbations of asthma and COPD. HRT appears to increase the risk of development of asthma but is not associated with the loss of lung function characteristic of COPD. Because the development of asthma is rare in postmenopausal women, the absolute increase in risk among women without asthma is modest. Physicians may wish to avoid HRT therapy in patients with difficult to control asthma and COPD. Clinical decisions to start or continue HRT among women without asthma or COPD should be based on the effects of HRT on more common diseases such as cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and osteoporosis, non-vertebral fractures and colon cancer.
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PMID:Hormone replacement therapy and obstructive airway diseases. 1517 88

Mr A is a 68-year-old man with a history of melena who was found to have a mass in his colon that was suspicious for possible malignancy. His 75-pack-year smoking history has resulted in a chronic daily cough and the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. On physical examination, he has wheezes, decreased breath sounds, and a prolonged expiratory phase; his forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) is 1.34 L (47% predicted). Mr A needs surgery for potentially curative treatment for presumed colon cancer, but he is understandably worried about the effect of his lung disease on his surgical risk. In particular, he is worried that he may not be able to be weaned off the ventilator after surgery. This discussion reviews the important patient- and procedure-related risk factors for pulmonary complications after surgery, the role of preoperative testing, and the evidence supporting strategies to reduce the risk of pulmonary complications as they apply to Mr A.
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PMID:A 68-year-old man with COPD contemplating colon cancer surgery. 1967 8

Constrictive bronchiolitis (CB) is a rare disease with unclear etiology. We report a 37-year-old female with CB who developed progressive dyspnea and cough after completing a course of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for colon cancer. The patient had evidence of irreversible obstructive lung disease and lung biopsy showed typical findings of chronic inflammation, submucosal thickening and obliteration of bronchioles. To the best of our knowledge this is the first reported case of CB after treatment with 5-FU.
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PMID:Constrictive bronchiolitis after treatment of colon cancer with 5-fluorouracil. 1771 24

Malignancy and interstitial lung disease (ILD) are 2 conditions associated with dermatomyositis (DM) that are responsible for a significant portion of the morbidity and mortality related to this disease; however, they rarely occur in the same patient. The antisynthetase syndrome consists of several characteristics, including ILD, arthritis, Raynaud phenomenon, "mechanic's hands," and positive antibodies to tRNA synthetases, which have each been negatively associated with cancer. When patients with DM present with such characteristics, clinicians may be falsely reassured that a thorough malignancy screen is unnecessary. We describe a patient who presented with the antisynthetase syndrome and was subsequently found to have colon cancer. Removal of the cancer led to resolution of the myositis and lung disease, but the patient's rash and arthritis persisted and ultimately required immunosuppressive therapy. We provide a review of the literature describing the concurrence of both this syndrome and ILD alone, with malignancy. We conclude that a thorough and expedited age-appropriate malignancy work up is indicated in all patients with a new diagnosis of DM, despite the presence of disease characteristics that are usually not associated with cancer.
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PMID:Malignancy in the setting of the anti-synthetase syndrome. 2212 9

Induction of enzymes that enhance the detoxication of chemical carcinogens has been a broadly effective strategy for chemoprevention of experimental carcinogenesis in rodent models. Several inducing agents are now in clinical trials to evaluate utility for prevention of cancers associated with unavoidable high exposures to environmental carcinogens. The successes of these pre-clinical and clinical interventions lead to studies to define the molecular basis for protection by these agents, which now include phenolic antioxidants, dithiolethiones, isothiocyanates, and triterpenoids. In the mid-1990s, the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor was identified as a key regulator of the inducible expression of enzymes such as glutathione S-transferases and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase in catalyzing the detoxication of reactive electrophiles and oxidants that contribute to the formation of mutations and ultimately cancers. Nrf2 is now recognized to regulate a broad cytoprotective, transcriptional response leading to prevention of damage to DNA, proteins and lipids; recognition, repair and removal of macromolecular damage; and tissue renewal following toxic assaults. Highlighting the importance of this pathway as a determinant of susceptibility to carcinogenesis, multiple studies now demonstrate enhanced incidence, multiplicity, and/or tumor burden in Nrf2-disrupted mice compared to wild-type in models of inflammation and colon cancer, bladder cancer, lung disease and cancer, stomach cancer, mammary cancer, skin cancer, and hepatocarcinogenesis.
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PMID:Nrf2: control of sensitivity to carcinogens. 2143 30

To evaluate the diagnosis potential of artificial neural network (ANN) model combined with six tumor markers in auxiliary diagnosis of lung cancer, to differentiate lung cancer from lung benign disease, normal control, and gastrointestinal cancers. Serum carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), gastrin, neurone specific enolase (NSE), sialic acid (SA), Cu/Zn, Ca were measured through different experimental procedures in 117 lung cancer patients, 93 lung benign disease patients, 111 normal control, 47 gastric cancer patients, 50 patients with colon cancer and 50 esophagus cancer patients, 19 parameters of basic information were surveyed among lung cancer, lung benign disease and normal control, then developed and evaluated ANN models to distinguish lung cancer. Using the ANN model with the six serum tumor markers and 19 parameters to distinguish lung cancer from benign lung disease and healthy people, the sensitivity was 98.3%, the specificity was 99.5% and the accuracy was 96.9%. Another three ANN models with the six serum tumor markers were employed to differentiate lung cancer from three gastrointestinal cancers, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of distinguishing lung cancer from gastric cancer by the ANN model of lung cancer-gastric cancer were 100%, 83.3% and 93.5%, respectively; The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of discriminating lung cancer by lung cancer-colon cancer ANN model were 90.0%, 90.0%, and 90.0%; And which were 86.7%, 84.6%, and 86.0%, respectively, by lung cancer-esophagus cancer ANN model. ANN model built with the six serum tumor markers could distinguish lung cancer, not only from lung benign disease and normal people, but also from three common gastrointestinal cancers. And our evidence indicates the ANN model maybe is an excellent and intelligent system to discriminate lung cancer.
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PMID:The effect of artificial neural network model combined with six tumor markers in auxiliary diagnosis of lung cancer. 2188 4

Lung disease associated with FOLFOX (oxaliplatin/5-fluorouracil/leucovorin) chemotherapy is uncommon. We describe a case of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) occurring in a 78-year-old woman after receiving 2 cycles of modified FOLFOX6 as adjuvant chemotherapy for treatment of resected nonmetastatic colon cancer. This patient presented with respiratory symptoms including cough with scant clear sputum and wheezing on day 10 of the second cycle of mFOLFOX6. Despite therapy with systemic antibiotics and supplemental oxygen, she had a steady and relentless progression of her respiratory symptoms and status, with chest radiographs revealing progressive bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. Further chest radiograph evaluation demonstrated findings consistent with COP. Antibiotics were discontinued and methylprednisolone sodium succinate initiated as the mainstay of management for COP. The patient required a higher dose of methylprednisolone sodium succinate than typical for initial response with doses up to 3 mg/kg per d leading to prompt improvement in her respiratory symptoms and function and declining need for supplemental oxygen therapy. Chest radiographs also showed improvement. The Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale indicated a probable relationship (score of 5) between the patient's COP and the FOLFOX chemotherapy. Clinicians should be aware of the potential for this uncommon, yet severe adverse reaction associated with the FOLFOX chemotherapy.
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PMID:Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia during adjuvant chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFOX) for colon cancer. 2284 2


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