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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report a few unusual cases of Crohn's disease of the colon and discuss the diagnostic problems which are raised in such cases. They then review the various colonic diseases liable to be considered in a differential diagnosis, and which may be linked to colonic Crohn's disease, e.g. ulcerative colitis, intestinal tuberculosis, carcinoma of the colon, colonic diverticulosis and sarcoidosis. In a chapter on treatment, they emphasize the favourable effect of acexamic acid and the necessity for very wide colonic resection, and they note a complication which they encountered during surgery for Crohn's disease: lymphatic peritonitis on the 8th day after right colectomy.
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PMID:[Colonic Crohn's disease: diagnostic and therapeutic problems. Apropos of 11 cases]. 18 97

Diverticulosis of the colon and its clinical sequelae--diverticulitis, peridiverticulitis, and pericolitis--are typical diseases of elderly people. The main causes are weakness of the connective tissue in the colonic wall increasing with age and pathologic motility pattern of the colon due to low dietary fibre consumption. In about 20% of all people with diverticula, acute or chronic-recurrent diverticulitis develops, often with serious complications as perforation, abscess or fistula formation, obstruction, inflammatory pseudotumor and intestinal bleeding. Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical examination and barium enema (double contrast, maximal spasmolysis). Colonoscopy may be helpful in excluding carcinoma of the large bowel. Patients with diverticulosis and uncomplicated diverticulitis should be managed conservatively by medical treatment. The following measures proved to be successful: high-fibre diet, unprocessed wheat bran, and hydrophilic plant colloids to regulate the bowel movements, systemic or local antibiotics if signs of inflammation are present, and antispasmodics or analgesics against abdominal pain. Prognosis depends mainly on the duration of the disease, sufficient dietary-fibre intake, and elective or semi-elective surgical intervention before the development of life-threatening complications. The question as to whether diverticula or relapsing attacks of diverticulitis can be prevented with added dietary-fibre remains open for the time being.
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PMID:[Diverticulosis-diverticulitis]. 628 28

The incidence of colonic diverticulosis with or without diverticulitis has increased in the Japanese population due to the modernization of food and aging. The rate of diverticulitis in colon diverticulosis ranges from 8.1% to 9.6%. However, few cases of stenosis due to diverticulitis have been reported. These reports suggest that the differentiation between sigmoid diverticulitis and colon cancer is difficult. This report describes two cases of colon stenosis due to diverticulitis that were difficult to differentiate from colon cancer. Case 1 was a 70-year-old woman with narrowed stools for 1 month who underwent colonofiberscopy (CFS). CFS revealed a diverticulum and circumferential stenosis in the sigmoid colon. Barium enema revealed a marked, hourglass-shaped, 2-cm circumferential stenosis in the sigmoid colon. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography computed tomography (CT) revealed an increased FDG uptake at the affected portion of the sigmoid colon. Sigmoid colon cancer was suspected, and laparoscopic sigmoidectomy was performed. Pathological examination demonstrated active inflammation with no evidence of malignancy. Case 2 was a 50-year-old man who presented to a nearby clinic with reduced stool output despite the urge to defecate. CFS detected severe stenosis in the sigmoid colon approximately 25 cm from the dentate line. Contrast-enhanced abdominal CT revealed multiple diverticula, wall thickening, and swelling of the lymph nodes around the peritoneal aorta and the inferior mesenteric artery. A partial sigmoidectomy was performed. Pathological examination of the resected specimen revealed no changes in the mucosal epithelial surface, but a marked infiltration of inflammatory cells was observed.
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PMID:Difficulty in differentiating two cases of sigmoid stenosis by diverticulitis from cancer. 2282 30

Colonic diverticula are common in developed countries and complications of colonic diverticulosis are responsible for a significant burden of disease. Several recent publications have called into question long-held beliefs about diverticular disease. Contrary to conventional wisdom, studies have not shown that a high-fiber diet protects against asymptomatic diverticulosis. The risk of developing diverticulitis among individuals with diverticulosis is lower than the 10% to 25% proportion that commonly is quoted, and may be as low as 1% over 11 years. Nuts and seeds do not increase the risk of diverticulitis or diverticular bleeding. It is unclear whether diverticulosis, absent diverticulitis, or overt colitis is responsible for chronic gastrointestinal symptoms or worse quality of life. The role of antibiotics in acute diverticulitis has been challenged by a large randomized trial that showed no benefit in selected patients. The decision to perform elective surgery should be made on a case-by-case basis and not routinely after a second episode of diverticulitis, when there has been a complication, or in young people. A colonoscopy should be performed to exclude colon cancer after an attack of acute diverticulitis but may not alter outcomes among individuals who have had a colonoscopy before the attack. Given these surprising findings, it is time to reconsider conventional wisdom about diverticular disease.
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PMID:Diverticular disease: reconsidering conventional wisdom. 2366 6