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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between October, 1974 and December, 1976, 13 adolescent patients with far-advanced, poorly differentiated colorectal carcinoma had been referred to a pediatric cancer center. All patients received chemotherapy with vincristine, methyl-CCNU and 5-fluorouracil. Five of 13 patients are living, one of whom remains disease-free after 12 months of chemotherapy. Four of the patients were from urban areas and nine from rural areas. One of four from urban areas had intimate exposure to chemicals used in the production of cotton and soy beans. Eight of nine patients from rural areas also had exposure to farm or agricultural chemicals, and three of these patients were intimately involved with the spraying operations. Suggestions regarding etiology and causative factors for the development of carcinoma of the colon in adults have previously been advanced. Results of these studies suggest that alternate etiologies must be suggested for adolescent colorectal carcinoma.
Cancer 1977 Nov
PMID:Colorectal carcinoma in adolescents implications regarding etiology. 20 Mar 42

The clinical and radiologic appearance of an isolated metastasis to the duodenum may mimic a primary pancreatic or duodenal cancer. As lymphatics from the right colon drain to periduodenal lymph nodes, lymphatic spread from right colon cancer can cause enlargement of the duodenal loop, with ulceration or distortion of the mucosa on the medial aspect of the duodenum. We present three patients with ulcerating metastases in the duodenum from colon cancer whose cases exemplify the problems of diagnosis and management.
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PMID:Local duodenal metastasis from colonic carcinoma. 26 38

We examined the diets as reported in interviews of 256 white male patients with cancer of the colon and of 330 white male patients with cancer of the rectum. Controls were 783 patients with nonneoplastic, nondigestive system diseases distributed by age similarly to the colon cancer patients and 628 patients with nonneoplastic, nondigestive diseases distributed by age like those with cancer of the rectum. We found no increase in risk for cancer of the colon or rectum regardless of the amounts of beef or other meats ingested. However, we found an increase in risk of colon cancer with decreases in the frequency with which vegetables were eaten. A study of 214 females with cancer of the colon and 182 females with cancer of the rectum yielded similar results. The decrease in risk we found associated with frequent ingestion of vegetables, and especially cabbage, Brussels sprouts, and broccoli, is consistent with the decreased numbers of tumors observed in animals challenged with carcinogens and fed compounds found in these same vegetables.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1978 Sep
PMID:Diet in the epidemiology of cancer of the colon and rectum. 27 48

Follow-up surveys of patients with ovarian cancer revealed an increased risk of second primary cancers of the uterine corpus, colon, bladder, breast, and hematopoietic system. The excess risk or uterine corpus cancer was independent of therapy. The risk of colon cancer was increased in all treatment groups but was especially high among patients receiving radiation or chemotherapy. The predisposition to other neoplasms was limited to certain treatment groups: bladder cancer to irradiation, leukemia to chemotherapy, and lymphoma to either modality. The pattern of second neoplasms following ovarian cancer appears to be influenced by therapy as well as by common etiologic factors.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1978 Nov
PMID:Second primary neoplasms following ovarian cancer. 28 Jul 6

Inhibition of leukocyte migration in agarose-agar was used as a probe for tumor-associated antigen in 3-M KCl solubilized extracts of gastric, colon, and lung cancers from humans. Twelve of 40 (30%) leukocyte preparations from gastric cancer patients, 10 of 21 (48%) from colon cancer patients, and 7 of 14 (50%) from lung cancer patients were inhibited by their respective histologically homologus cancer extract. However, among 75 preparations from various cancer patients, leukocytes from only 2 gastric cancer patients were inhibited by paired normal gastric tissue extracts. Only 2 of 68 preparations from normal individuals and none of 67 preparations from patients with nonmalignant diseases, such as gastric peptic ulcer, gastritis, colon polyposis, colitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis, and sarcoidosis, were inhibited by cancer extracts. These findings suggest the presence in KCl extracts of gastric cancer of presumed tumor-associated antigen(s) that is antigenically distinct from that of either colon or lung cancer.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1979 Jul
PMID:Inhibition of human leukocyte migration in agar by 3-M potassium chloride extracts of stomach, colon, and lung cancers. 28 34

The capability of carcinogens with different modes of action to affect replicative DNA synthesis in the human colon was tested with the use of organ culture of histologically normal mucosae from patients undergoing colectomy for colon cancer or diverticulosis. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine, an organotropic carcinogen for the colon in rodents, inhibited DNA synthesis of mucosa at a concentration of 3.0 mM but not at 1.5 mM. Methylazoxymethanol acetate, a proximate carcinogen, inhibited DNA synthesis at a concentration of 1.5 mM. N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), a direct-acting carcinogen, inhibited DNA synthesis at a concentration of 0.5 mM. No tissue toxicity was observed at the doses of these carcinogens used. The procarcinogen benzo[a]pyrene, which is not organotropic for the colon, caused no inhibition of DNA synthesis in colon explants at concentrations of 0.01--0.05 mM. These data indicate that replicative DNA synthesis in the human colon is most sensitive to the inhibitory effect of the direct-acting carcinogen MNNG.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1979 Dec
PMID:Inhibition of DNA synthesis by carcinogens in human colon mucosa in organ culture. 29 4

Colonic tissue membrane binding to peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes was quantitated by 125I labeling of membrane fragments and by determining the acquisition of membrane-specific enzyme activity and radioactivity in mononuclear cells after contact with the tissue membrane fragments. Mononuclear cells bound equal amounts of normal and tumor tissue membrane fragments. Mononuclear cells capable of binding homologous but not autologous colonic tissue membranes were recovered from the peripheral blood of colon cancer-bearing patients. Mononuclear cells capable of binding autologous colonic tissue membranes appeared in the peripheral blood of patients after curative but not palliative tumor resection. Tumor membrane enzymes, including alkaline phosphatase, were introduced to mononuclear cells by bound tissue fragments. The activity of alkaline phosphatase present in the bound membrane fragments was inhibited by the immunorestorative drug, levamisole. Cellular debris liberated from tumors may play an important role in overcoming the host's defenses by binding to mononuclear cells, saturating antigen-binding sites, and introducing exogenous enzymes.
Cancer Res 1977 Oct
PMID:Binding of colonic tissue membrane to mononuclear peripheral blood leukocytes. 30 37

An in vivo model is described for assessing the antitumor activity of chemotherapeutic agents. Tumors derived from human colon carcinoma cell lines injected into antithymocyte serum (ATS) immunosuppressed mice were used. In this system, both antitumor effects and host toxicity can be quantitated, permitting calculation of a Therapeutic Index. Compared with other xenograft models, the present system is simple, experiments are completed in less than 2 weeks, and the use of cultured cell lines allows in vitro studies to be performed. The in vitro sensitivities of one colon cell line to 22 chemotherapeutic agents and of four cell lines to three agents is reported. Four drugs used in treating colon cancer (Mitomycin C, 5-FU, BCNU, and methyl-CCNU) show antitumor activity in vivo in this system. Each has a low therapeutic index. Further work with this model is indicated, with the goal of finding new drugs with high Therapeutic Indices.
Cancer 1977 Nov
PMID:Chemotherapy of cell-line-derived human colon carcinomas in mice immunosuppressed with antithymocyte serum. 30 40

An experimental model of chemically induced or transplanted rat colon carcinoma has been used to test the effects of specific (cancer cells) or non specific (BCG) immunotherapy. According to the immunization technique and schedule experiemnts resulted in a partial inhibition or definite enhancement of tumour growth. These experimental data emphasize the possible hazards of human colon cancer immunotherapy.
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PMID:[Immunotherapy of chemically induced rat colon cancer]. 32 75

Patients with chronic ulcerative colitis are at increased risk of developing carcinoma of the colon. It has been shown that the concentration of fecal bile acids and neutral sterols was higher in cancer patients than in the comparable healthy controls. Fecal neutral steroids and bile acids were measured in patients with ulcerative colitis, family controls who were immediate relatives of patients, patients with other digestive diseases, and healthy unrelated controls. The fecal excretion of cholesterol, coprostanol, and cholestane-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-triol was higher in patients with ulcerative colitis than in other groups. Patients with other diseases, family controls, and unrelated controls excreted comparable levels of neutral sterols. Patients with ulcerative colitis excreted levels of bile acids in their feces comparable to those excreted by other groups. These findings suggest that possible interactions between cholesterol metabolites and colonic epithelial cells may be relevant in colon carcinogenesis.
Cancer Res 1977 Jun
PMID:Fecal bile acids and cholesterol metabolites of patients with ulcerative colitis, a high-risk group for development of colon cancer. 32 59


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