Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-four patients from the Philadelphia area with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were matched with colon cancer patients, lung cancer patients and blood donors according to age and sex. Sera from the four groups were tested to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). Five of the HCC patients (14.7%) and none of the controls were positive for HBsAg. At least one of the three serologic markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was found in 51.5% of the HCC patients, 5.3% of the colon cancer patients, 11.1% of the lung cancer patients, and 10.7% of the blood donors. Twelve of the seventeen seropositive HCC patients (70.6%) were positive for anti-HBc alone, while all of the seropositive lung cancer patients and donors were positive for anti-HBs alone. Sera positive for any HBV marker were also tested for e antigen (HBeAg) and its antibody (anti-HBe). Four of the HCC patients (23.5% of the seropositives) had anti-HBe, while none of the sera tested had HBeAg. A history of alcoholism did not appear to influence HBV seropositivity in the HCC patients. This study supports the hypothesis that HBV infection is closely associated with HCC even in areas where both conditions are uncommon. The wide disparity between seropositivity for HBsAg and anti-HBc in the HCC patients is an unusual feature, for which an age effect may be the best explanation.
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PMID:Association of hepatitis B virus infection with hepatocellular carcinoma in American patients. 626 Jun 95

In Yugoslavia, esophageal cancer is the fourth most frequent malignant disease of the gastrointestinal tract, after stomach cancer, rectum, and colon cancer. Incidence of esophageal cancer in Croatia in 1975 was 6.0 per 100,000 population for males, and considerably less for females with 1.4 per 100,000 population. There is not a statistically significant difference in the incidence of esophageal cancer in the different regions within Croatia. During the period from March 1973 to April 1980 at the Central Institute for Tumors and Allied Diseases in Zagreb, esophagoscopy was performed on 179 patients with esophageal tumors. Test results of 170 patients was 60.4 years (male 60.0, female 62.4). The authors present the analyses of histopathologic types of tumors. In 79.4% of patients (135/170) squamous cell carcinoma was found. In 69 patients histologic findings were compared with cytology. In six patients, only the cytological examinations were positive. Furthermore, the localizations of tumors in the esophagus were analyzed, and in 53.6% of patients (91/170) tumor was localized in the middle third of the esophagus. In almost all cases the disease was advanced and inoperable. Smoking and alcoholism were analyzed as potential etiological factors. The authors consider that esophagoscopy could be a valuable method in the early detection of esophageal carcinoma in the high risk group of the population (men over 50 years of age who are heavy alcoholics and smokers).
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PMID:Esophageal tumors--the role of esophagoscopy. 734 97

A previous study on 536 retired coke oven plant workers in Lorraine Collieries (France) reported an excess of deaths from lung cancer (standardised mortality ratio (SMR) = 251) compared with the French male population. Occupational exposures during working life were retraced for each subject, but the number of deaths during the observation period (1963-82) was small, and smoking habits were known only for dead subjects. In 1988, the cohort was re-examined (182 deaths occurred between 1963 and 1987) and smoking habits were determined for all the subjects. This study confirmed the excess of lung cancer (SMR = 238, p < 0.001). It showed an excess of mortality from all causes (SMR = 141, p < 0.001), overall cancers (SMR = 133, p < 0.05), and cardiovascular diseases (SMR = 133, p < 0.05). A significant excess of deaths was found for subjects who worked near the ovens for all causes (145, p < 0.01), lung cancer (SMR = 252, p < 0.01), colon cancer (SMR = 381, p < 0.05), and cardiovascular diseases (SMR = 155, p < 0.05). A significant excess mortality was also found from all causes (176, p < 0.05) and stomach cancer (SMR = 538, p < 0.01) in subjects who worked in byproducts, from lung cancer (SMR = 433, p < 0.001) in those in the workshops, and from cirrhosis of the liver and alcoholism (SMR = 360, p < 0.01) in those underground; but, due to small numbers, these figures were not robust. An excess of mortality from all causes (SMR = 163, p<001), lung cancer (SMR = 228, p<0.05) and cardiovascular diseases (SMR = 179, p<0.01) was shown also for non-exposed or slightly exposed subjects. The fact that, on the whole, mortality of various exposed groups was similar to that of non-exposed or slightly exposed workers may be explained in part by the selection at hiring and the healthy worker effect. As an increased risk of lung cancer was noted among subjects who worked in the old generations of plant compared with the other workers (although the relative risk was not significant) it is concluded that the role of occupational hazards could not be excluded.
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PMID:Mortality in retired coke oven plant workers. 843 45

This study evaluates the risk of mortality in a cohort of Italian alcoholics resident in a rural area characterised by traditional drinking habits. Individual vital status of the 1,037 patients enrolled at the Centro Alcologico in Arezzo during the 1979-1997 period has been traced. Causes of death (ICD-IX) have been retrieved from the Regional Mortality Register. Standardised mortality ratios (SMR) have been computed according to gender and 5-year age group mortality rates of the general population resident in Tuscany during the same period. This cohort is representative of the traditional rural alcoholism of the Tuscany region based on wine consumption. Among the 9,190 person-years followed-up, 333 deaths have occurred, corresponding to approximately 2.6 fold the expected number of deaths (SMR males: 2.6; females: 2.4). In both genders, significantly high SMRs for liver cirrhosis, oesophagus and liver cancer are reported, while SMRs of cancers at all sites, oral and respiratory cancers, injuries as a whole, road and traffic accidents, and suicides are significantly elevated only among males. No relevant variation between expected and observed deaths for pancreatic diseases, colon cancer, female breast cancer, and, despite a large proportion of heavy smokers, for cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, cerebrovascular diseases, coronary heart diseases) has been recorded. This research confirms the high mortality among a cohort of Italian alcoholics. However, causes of death related with violence and trauma are proportionally less represented, in accordance with the social pattern of Mediterranean alcoholism. The absence of cardiovascular mortality risk in a wine-based cohort of alcoholics is an unexpected finding that requires to be further examined. Finally, to prevent smoking related deaths, alcohol addiction services should begin to introduce smoking cessation practices among treatment protocols.
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PMID:[Mortality in a cohort of alcoholics from Arezzo in 1979-1997]. 1141 4

Phlegmonous enteritis is a rare infective inflammatory disease of the intestine, predominantly involving the submucosal layer. It is difficult to diagnose and often fatal. Its association with alcoholism and various liver diseases, although rarely reported, is well documented. We report a case of phlegmonous enteritis in a male patient with congestive heart failure and colon cancer, and describe the ultrasonographic and CT findings.
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PMID:Phlegmonous enteritis in a patient with congestive heart failure and colon cancer. 1175 32

Inaccurate translations inadvertently misrepresent policy directives from China. Professional moralizers respond to the new laws with indignation. For example, an editorial in a US newspaper said that Americans objected to China's eugenic guidelines to prevent inferior quality infants. Yet, in the US and other developed countries, parents, and adult siblings do no allow their mentally retarded family members to procreate. Quiet abortions occur. In the US, deformed newborns are classified as stillborns. In the 1950s in the US, state governments allowed sterilization of handicapped people and even alcoholics. The moralizers expect China to accomplish in 10 years what developed countries did in 100 years. China has a one-child policy to which many so-called human rights advocates object. Yet, China cannot sustain a population of 2 billion with the living standards to which it aspires. Granted, however, that China does create its own image problems. It needs to invest more in public relations, maybe employ image-building professionals from the US and Europe to circumvent the unintentional use of emotionally charged, historically loaded, or inappropriate terms and, therefore, to prevent the international media from overreacting. Nevertheless, moral dilemmas do exist with eugenics policies. Genetic markers can detect chromosomal abnormalities leading to mental retardation as well as later-life abnormalities; e.g., colon cancer. Markers may perhaps someday detect a propensity to criminal behavior, homosexuality, or alcoholism. Governments could forbid all genetic testing, resulting in families accepting whatever nature sends, but with the advancement of science, this is unrealistic. If it is banned in one country, people will go to a country where it is available. Since parents in both the US and China want healthy, good-looking and intelligent children US editorialists should not moralize about China while US couples have access to the most up-to-date genetic technology.
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PMID:Quality babies. China's "eugenics" guidelines are as old as civilization. 1234 28

It has been suggested that neuroleptic medication may decrease cancer risk. We compared cancer risks in a population-based cohort study of 25,264 users (>or=2 prescriptions) of neuroleptic medications in the county of North Jutland, Denmark, during 1989-2002, with that of county residents who did not receive such prescriptions. Statistical analyses were based on age-standardisation and Poisson regression analysis, adjusting for age, calendar period, COPD, liver cirrhosis or alcoholism, use of NSAID, and, for breast cancer, additionally for use of hormone therapy, age at first birth, and number of children. Use of neuroleptic medications was associated with a decreased risk for rectal cancer in both women and men (adjusted IRRs of 0.61 (95% confidence interval, 0.41-0.91) and 0.82 (0.56-1.19), respectively) and for colon cancer in female users (0.78; 0.62-0.98). Some risk reduction was seen for prostate cancer (0.87; 0.69-1.08), but breast cancer risk was close to unity (0.93; 0.74-1.17). Overall, treatment with neuroleptic medications was not related to a reduced risk of cancer, but for cancers of the rectum, colon and prostate there were suggestive decreases in risk.
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PMID:Cancer risk among users of neuroleptic medication: a population-based cohort study. 1692 36

Most of the gemcitabine (dFdC) resistant cell lines manifested high NFkappaB activity. The NFkappaB activity can be induced by dFdC and 5-FU exposure. The chemosensitizing effect of disulfiram (DS), an anti-alcoholism drug and NFkappaB inhibitor, and copper (Cu) on the chemoresistant cell lines was examined. The DS/Cu complex significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of dFdC (resistant cells: 12.2-1085-fold) and completely reversed the dFdC resistance in the resitant cell lines. The dFdC-induced NFkappaB activity was markedly inhibited by DS/Cu complex. The data from this study indicated that DS may be used in clinic to improve the therapeutic effect of dFdC in breast and colon cancer patients.
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PMID:Disulfiram/copper complex inhibiting NFkappaB activity and potentiating cytotoxic effect of gemcitabine on colon and breast cancer cell lines. 1978 64

There are several reports of central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) in a setting of malnutrition, alcoholism, and chronic debilitating illness associated with electrolyte abnormalities, especially hyponatremia. The cause of myelinolysis is still under debate, and, although osmotic effects are thought to be responsible in most cases, alternative pathological factors should be considered [King et al.: Am J Med Sci 2010;339:561-567]. We report a case of CPM in a patient with recent chemotherapy for colon cancer without electrolyte unbalance and otherwise unexplained causes. Moreover, the present case is an example of the unusual clinical ataxic variant, followed by complete recovery without any specific treatment. The diagnosis was confirmed by MRI, which showed a characteristic hyperintense signal abnormality in the central part of the pons with an unaffected outer rim. One month later, we observed complete resolution of clinical and radiological symptoms.
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PMID:Cerebellar ataxia with complete clinical recovery and resolution of MRI lesions related to central pontine myelinolysis: case report and literature review. 2160 27

Alcohol abuse can affect more than the heart and the liver. Many observers often do not appreciate the complex and differing aspects of alcohol's effects in pathophysiologies that have been reported in multiple organs. Chronic alcohol abuse is known to be associated with pathophysiological changes that often result in life-threatening clinical outcomes, e.g., breast and colon cancer, pancreatic disease, cirrhosis of the liver, diabetes, osteoporosis, arthritis, kidney disease, immune system dysfunction, hypertension, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, and can be as far-reaching as to cause central nervous system disorders. In this review article, we will discuss the various organs impacted by alcohol abuse. The lack of clear guidelines on the amount and frequency of alcohol intake, complicated by personal demographics, make extrapolations to real-life practices at best difficult for public health policy-makers.
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PMID:Alcoholism: A Multi-Systemic Cellular Insult to Organs. 2984 84


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