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Query: UMLS:C0699790 (colon cancer)
 28,837 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The HT-29 human adenocarcinoma cell line has been used extensively in the study of colonic cell differentiation and colon cancer. We report here that substitution of glucose with trehalose (alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) depresses growth and promotes mucin-producing, goblet-like maturation of HT-29. An initial characterization of this process was made by analyzing several cDNA clones whose RNA templates were differentially expressed at elevated levels in cells grown in trehalose-containing medium. Seven of the 9 clones examined corresponded to 6 mitochondrial genes whose expression levels, relative to those from glucose-grown cells, ranged from approximately 3-fold for 16S rRNA to 8-23-fold for NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4. On the other hand, levels of mitochondrial DNA copy, measured by using NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 cDNA as probe, were shown to be unaffected by trehalose treatment. Elevation of cellular NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 RNA in HT-29 cultures grown in medium containing different components (sodium butyrate, galactose, no-sugar, glucose, cellobiose) generally correlated with depressed growth levels and specifically with increased numbers of mucin-producing cells present. Like butyrate, the sugar, trehalose, is an effective inducer of HT-29 differentiation, and may prove useful as a dietary therapeutic, and as a probe for elucidating mitochondrial involvement in colonic cell differentiation and transformation.
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PMID:Differentiation of HT-29 human colonic adenocarcinoma cells correlates with increased expression of mitochondrial RNA: effects of trehalose on cell growth and maturation. 137 97

A case of metastatic thyroid cancer from sigmoid colon cancer is presented. A 52-year-old woman had a sigmoidectomy due to adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon in April 1988. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels gradually rose from July 1990 along with multiple metastatic lesions which appeared in the lung. They were resected in January 1991. Two months later the subject noticed a painless and firm lump on the left anterior neck. She was found to have a solitary mass in the left thyroid lobe. Thyroid function remained within normal range. Cytological findings obtained by fine-needle aspiration biopsy showed tall columnar carcinoma cells with an acinar pattern. Subtotal thyroidectomy was performed, and histological examination revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma from colon cancer. Immunohistochemical staining by anti-CEA was positive but anti-thyroglobulin was negative.
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PMID:[Metastatic carcinoma of the sigmoid colon to the thyroid gland]. 139 85

An antigen, protein X (Px), was purified from immune complexes isolated from malignant pleural effusions from patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung by EDTA treatment, PEG 8000 precipitation, protein A affinity chromatography, and Sephadex G-200 separation in the presence of 3 M NaCl. The purified antigen had a M(r) 17,000 by SDS-PAGE, and consisted of isoelectric species of pI 6.3 and 6.6. Purified Px recombined with Ig isolated from pleural fluids from patients with lung adenocarcinoma, but not with Ig from patients with breast carcinoma. Using an autologous human and heterologous chicken antibody, Px was found, by immunohistology, in the cytoplasm of some of the well-differentiated lung adenocarcinoma cells, but was not seen in normal lung or a variety of other malignant tissues. A liquid-phase competitive-inhibition RIA was developed. Over 30 ng/ml of Px were found in 9 of 15 pleural fluids from patients with lung carcinoma, none of 20 from patients with breast, ovary, stomach or colon cancer, and in 3 of 15 patients with unknown primary tumor. Our data suggest that Px may be a lung-cancer-associated autoantigen which can elicit a host humoral response in vivo.
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PMID:Characterization of a lung-cancer-associated auto-antigen. 139 30

Patients with colon cancer rarely present with pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) without other manifestations or symptoms. The present paper reports a patient who presented with a 6-month history of fever. The patient was found to suffer from well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon. A few days after sigmoidectomy the fever subsided and the patient recovered. Investigation of the large bowel should always form part of the evaluation in patients with pyrexia of unknown origin.
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PMID:Pyrexia of unknown origin as the only manifestation of colorectal carcinoma. 140 36

Peritoneal effusion recurrence is one of the most important problem in the palliative management of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies and ovarian cancer. Ten patients with recurrent malignant ascites (three with ovarian cancer, two with pancreas cancer, two with gastric adenocarcinoma and one affected by colon cancer, one patient with peritoneal carcinomatosis, one subject with pleural mesothelioma surgically treated that after three years showed a peritoneal metastases and ascites), were treated with intraperitoneal beta interferon. In all patients a Tenckoff's catheter for peritoneal dialysis was introduced and peritoneal effusion extracted and measured. Three millions of beta interferon in saline solution was infused in peritoneal cavity every three days for nine days. Successively twenty millions every three days for nine days. In the 50% of patients a significant reduction of peritoneal effusion was observed. The locoregional therapy with beta interferon is proposed in palliative management of malignant ascites.
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PMID:[The locoregional treatment of neoplastic ascites with interferon-beta]. 150 25

Haggitt's classification is a useful guide in the management of patients with large bowel polyps which contain invasive adenocarcinoma in that patients with levels 1 to 3 require no operation. Nuclear morphometry has been shown to be a useful prognostic discriminant for patients with invasive carcinoma of the large bowel. The nuclear shape factor of 44 polyps with invasive carcinoma was studied to determine whether this parameter was of value to define those patients with Haggitt level 4 who should have a resection. The shape factor of 50 interphase nuclei was obtained through the use of image analysis by tracing the nuclear profiles as digitized on a video screen. The nuclear shape factor was defined as the degree of circularity of the nucleus, a perfect circle recorded as 1.0. Our previous experience showed a nuclear shape factor greater than 0.84 was associated with a poor outcome. The overall mean shape factor was 0.71 (0.59-0.85). There was a tendency for the patients with residual disease to have values in the upper range. Our findings suggest that nuclear morphometry fails to add any predictive information in this clinical situation.
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PMID:The value of nuclear morphometry in the management of patients with colorectal polyps that contain invasive adenocarcinoma. 151 94

Two new monoclonal antibodies, E5/E10 and E10/B4, were raised which reacted with surface antigens on the metastatic rat pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line ASML, but not with antigens localized on the cell surface of the nonmetastatic rat pancreatic adenocarcinoma line AS. These two monoclonal antibodies are of the IgG1 subclass and recognize protein bands with molecular weight 28,000 and 35,000 D. E5/E10 and E10/B4 cross-reacted only with antigens on the human colon cancer cell line HT-29, as well as with normal rat kidney.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies distinguishing between two rat pancreatic carcinoma cell lines with different metastatic capacities. 152 18

Leucovorin and interferon are capable of modulating the cytotoxicity of fluorouracil (5-FU). Preclinical studies demonstrate that d,l-leucovorin is rapidly metabolized in human breast and colon cells into the various one-carbon substituted folate pools and to the polyglutamated state. While increases in intracellular folate pools are proportional to the exposure concentration of leucovorin, relatively large increases in leucovorin concentrations (50- to 100-fold) are required to produce small intracellular changes (twofold). Polyglutamation is favored by prolonged exposures to leucovorin. Polyglutamate forms have a prolonged intracellular retention and a higher affinity for the target enzyme, thymidylate synthase. Ratios of up to 20:1 inactive to active leucovorin stereo-isomers had essentially no effect on the intracellular metabolism of the active isomer. Interferon gamma interacts with 5-FU in H630 colon cancer cells at the level of thymidylate synthase and enhances cytotoxicity of 5-FU by eliminating the 5-FU-induced acute overexpression of the target enzyme. No alterations in the intracellular metabolism or nucleic acid incorporation of 5-FU could be demonstrated with the addition of interferon gamma. A clinical trial combining interferon-alfa-2a (IFN-alpha-2a) (subcutaneous days 1 to 7) with 5-FU and leucovorin (given IV days 2 to 6) demonstrated that these agents could be combined with acceptable toxicity. While the addition of interferon did not allow dose escalation of 5-FU, it resulted in a significant increase in drug exposure (1.5-fold) compared with matched cycles of 5-FU plus leucovorin without interferon. The overall response rate in this pilot study of 13 untreated patients with gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma was 46%, including two complete responses. There were no responses in eight patients who had previously failed therapy with 5-FU.
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PMID:Biochemical modulation of fluorouracil with leucovorin and interferon: preclinical and clinical investigations. 155 56

It has been reported that exceptional association exists between primary colon cancer and hypernephroma. In this paper we are reporting a case of a male patient carrying an hypernephroma synchronous with a proximal colonic adenocarcinoma in addition to a second adenocarcinoma, growing on a tubular adenoma, nearly of first. These findings get seen as partially coincidental with some features of the cancer family syndrome (Lynch syndrome II), and we have considered that genetics conditions, like those of Lynch syndrome II, could to explain some multiple neoplasms in patients carrying then.
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PMID:[A synchronous association of a double colonic adenocarcinoma and hypernephroma: an infrequent case of multiple primary neoplasms]. 158 55

Inactivation of the DCC gene on chromosome 18 owing to loss of heterozygosity is a common finding in colorectal cancer. Because both ovarian and colon cancer are features of Lynch syndrome II, which has been provisionally mapped to chromosome 18, we hypothesized that loss of heterozygosity at the DCC locus may also occur in ovarian neoplasia. Fifty-two sporadic ovarian adenocarcinoma tumours were analysed by Southern blotting for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at six chromosome 18 loci. Overall, tumours from 31 patients (60%) showed allelic loss at one or more of these loci. A similarly high level of LOH, 66%, was found at D17S5 (17p13.3). In contrast, moderate levels of LOH, of 31%, 39% and 33%, were found at MYCL1 (1p32), D1S57 (1p) and D14S20 (14q32.33) respectively. However, analysis of partial chromosome deletions in 11 patients indicates that the smallest region of overlap appears to exclude the DCC gene but to be between the D18S5 and D18S11 loci. This suggests that another locus, as well as or apart from DCC, may be involved.
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PMID:Frequent loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 18 in ovarian adenocarcinoma which does not always include the DCC locus. 159 39


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