Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0684275 (haemophilia)
 10,958 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

CD4+ lymphocyte counts of 91 HIV+ hemophilia patients were monitored for a mean of 4 years (range: 15-69 months). CD4+ lymphocytes decreased in 55 but increased in 36 patients over time. The CD4+ cell increases were persistent in 5 patients, whereas they fluctuated in 31. Of the 36 patients with increasing CD4+ counts 3 developed AIDS and 1 LAS. The other 32 patients were clinically asymptomatic (CDC II), but had immunological abnormalities, such as increased serum neopterin (N = 18) and impaired in vitro T cell responses to pooled allogenic stimulator cells (N = 15) or mitogens (N = 18). In contrast, of the 55 patients whose CD4+ cells decreased, 24 developed AIDS and 5 ARC (P less than 0.0005). Only 2 of these 55 patients had normal mitogen stimulation in vitro and normal serum neopterin levels.
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PMID:Improving CD4+ lymphocyte counts in HIV-infected hemophilia patients. A favorable prognostic indicator? 168 52

We measured plasma concentrations of soluble receptors for IL-2 (sIL-2R) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in 149 haemophilia patients. Soluble IL-2R levels were elevated in 37% of 62 HIV-seronegative patients (mean 570 +/- 27 U/ml versus 361 +/- 17 U/ml in the control group, P less than 0.0001), in 78% of 68 HIV-seropositive patients (928 +/- 49 U/ml, P less than 0.0001), and in 95% of 19 AIDS/ARC patients (1578 +/- 199 U/ml, P less than 0.0001 compared with controls and with HIV-seronegative patients; P less than 0.005 compared with HIV-seropositive asymptomatic patients). A negative correlation was observed between sIL-2R, relative and absolute numbers of CD4+ cells (P less than 0.0001), and CD4/CD8 ratios (P less than 0.0001). There was also a negative correlation between sIL-2R in plasma and the cellular expression of IL-2R (P less than 0.001). We found a significant association of sIL-2R and plasma neopterin (P less than 0.0001). With progression of the disease from HIV-seronegative to seropositive without symptoms and to full manifestation of AIDS/ARC, sIL-2R plasma levels increased. The highest levels were found at the time of diagnosis of AIDS/ARC, but the levels decreased again during the following 18 months. Eight per cent of HIV-seronegative patients, 32% of HIV-seropositive patients, and 24% of patients with AIDS/ARC had increased plasma TNF-alpha. We conclude that sIL-2R and TNF-alpha plasma levels are elevated in HIV-infected haemophilia patients and that sIL-2R is a marker for disease progression from asymptomatic HIV-seropositive to AIDS/ARC.
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PMID:Soluble IL-2 receptor and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in plasma of haemophilia patients infected with HIV. 173 93

Sixteen HIV-seropositive haemophiliacs were followed up for 42 months and 9 other patients for 24 months. All patients were infected in 1983 or 1984. T cell subsets and serum neopterin levels were measured twice a year. The patients were divided into three groups according to their age in 1989: group A (children) less than 14 years old (n = 6); group B (adolescents) 14-20 years old (n = 8); group C (adults) greater than 20 years old (n = 11). At the last measurement performed in November, 1989, patients of group A had significantly higher absolute number and percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes and significantly lower serum neopterin levels than patients of group B and C. In addition, the percentage of the activated, CD3+ DR+ lymphocytes was also significantly higher in the adult-adolescent group than in the children group. Until the end of December, 1989, AIDS developed in 0, 1 and 2 patients and ARC was diagnosed in 0, 5, and 2 patients of groups A, B, and C, respectively. The progression of the HIV disease towards AIDS in these patients was predicted by the T cell subset and neopterin measurements performed in 1987. Only those 3 patients who progressed to AIDS had CD4+ cells less than 350/microliters and a neopterin value of more than 20 nmol/l. These findings confirm previous observations indicating that in patients with haemophilia the progression of HIV disease is influenced by age: a relatively slow progression can be expected in prepuberty children.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Age dependency of the progression of HIV disease in haemophiliacs; predictive value of T cell subset and neopterin measurements. 227 63

Levels of anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) were measured in 55 patients with haemophilia A in serum samples obtained in 1983 and in 1987. Twenty-one patients were negative for anti HIV-1 antibodies in 1983 and remained negative in 1987; 34 patients had anti HIV-1 antibodies in 1983; 17 of these latter patients remained asymptomatic, whereas 17 patients developed ARC or AIDS during the 4 years follow-up. Thirteen anti HIV-1 negative patients had elevated ACA levels in 1983; subsequently, a significant decrease was observed in all these subjects (p less than 0.001). All anti HIV-1 positive patients had elevated ACA levels in 1983; normal values were found in 9 patients in 1987. Yet, these changes were not significant (p greater than 0.05). ACA levels were significantly higher in HIV-1 infected patients than in those without anti HIV-1 antibodies (p less than 0.05). There was no difference of ACA levels between the two anti HIV-1 positive patient groups, be it in 1983 or be it in 1987 (p greater than 0.05). There was no correlation of ACA levels with serum IgG concentrations, CD4+ lymphocytes, or the consumption of factor VIII concentrates.
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PMID:Anticardiolipin antibodies are elevated in HIV-1 infected haemophiliacs but do not predict for disease progression. 252 88

The AIDS Surveillance System in Japan was set up in 1984 and by 1987, 29 AIDS patients had been reported. 10 were homosexuals, 16 were hemophiliacs and 3 were heterosexuals. 9 out of 16 hemophiliacs with AIDS had A-type hemophilia. 2 females were also reported as victims of AIDS. 19 patients have died 5 male homosexuals (4.4%) out of 113 (93 Japanese and 20 Foreigners) individuals were anti-HIV-positive. In 1984 sera from 65 hemophiliacs, 85 hemodialysis patients and 304 healthy volunteer blood donors were examined and 10 (15.4%) of the hemophiliacs proved to be anti-HIV positive. On the other hand, in Tokyo and Nagasaki 50-60% were positive, but in Tottori and Osaka only 25-28% were positive. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test is widely used to detect antibodies, however, the test often gives false-positive reactions, and the blood must be reexamined by means of the Western-blot test or IF method. Therefore, a simple particle agglutination (FA) assay was developed by the authors using gelatin beads as the artificial antigen carrier. This assay is extremely sensitive as compared to IF and ELISA. Among HTLV-1/ATLV-carrying T-cell lines, all except one (TCL-As) were susceptible to HIV infection and showed cytopathic effect (CPE). HIV has quite a broad host range in vivo and in vitro. HIV was detected in brain macrophages from AIDS patients with encephalopathy. HIV may also infect nerve cells or glial cells. The MT-4 cell line was found to be most prone to HIV infection. In order to evaluate the virus-induced CPE of infected MT-4 cells, the H-thymidine incorporation method (cell proliferation assay) was developed that involved that involves measuring the survival of the cells. Inhibition of DNA synthesis in infected MT-4 cells was detected by this assay when the CPE was observed microscopically. This assay system is also useful for measuring the amount of infectious virus. Many chemicophysical agents such as suramin, antimoniotungstate (HFA-23), phosophonoformic acid, ribavirin, 3-azido-3-deoxythymidine (AZT) have suppressive effects on the replication of HIV in vitro. Glycyrrhizin administration was responsible 1 or improvement of immune function in 6 of 7 asymptomatic HIV carriers. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13- acetate (TPA) were found to enhance the production of HIV significantly in infected MT-4 cells. The cell proliferation assay is used for the mass screening of neutralizing antibodies whose presence in the sera from 21 patients with AIDS, 10 individuals with ARC, 20 healthy male homosexuals and 10 healthy males was examined. The assay was sensitive enough to detect neutralizing antibodies up to a dilution of 1:10 thousand. The system using MT-4 cells seems to be suited for this purpose.
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PMID:AIDS studies in Japan. 311 53

An enzyme immuno assay kit has been developed to detect anti-HIV antibody in urine. In order to examine the clinical utility of the kit, 1333 urine samples were assayed. These samples consisted of 233 urine samples from HIV infected patients, 472 samples from HIV uninfected patients including 203 samples from patients with urogenital diseases, and 628 samples from normal subjects. Anti-HIV antibodies were detected in all the urine samples from HIV infected patients, and the diagnostic sensitivity for HIV infection was 100% with no false negative cases. A variety of anti-HIV antibody titers were found in the urine samples from HIV infected patients. However, no significant differences were found in the distribution patterns of urinary anti-HIV antibody titers among AC, ARC and AIDS patients. False positives were determined in only five samples in 628 healthy subjects (0.8%), one in 19 patients with hepatitis (5.3%), one in 45 patients with hemophilia (2.2%) and two in 105 pregnant women (1.9%). The antibody titers of all the false positive samples in these groups were less than the cut-off index multiplied by two. However, relatively high positive rates were demonstrated in the samples from urogenital diseases (11.8%), diabetes mellitus (20.0%) and auto-immune diseases (7.3%). False positive results were found to be directly correlated to the protein concentration of urinary protein, especially the immunoglobulin concentration in urine. The assay system was also evaluated by various reproducibility tests performed by different operators at different laboratories. The test results were satisfactory.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical usefulness of urinary anti HIV antibody test--a large scale study from 11 institutes in Japan]. 774 30

The mechanism of CD4+ cell depletion and functional T helper cell inhibition in HIV-infected individuals is poorly understood. The present study demonstrates that immune complex-covered CD4+ cells are associated with T cell inhibition and macrophage stimulation. We studied 30 patients with ARC/AIDS and 35 asymptomatic HIV+ haemophilia patients. Overall, 20 +/- 3% of peripheral CD4+ lymphocytes were covered with gp120 (range 0-94%). gp120+ cells also exhibited surface-bound IgG (P = 0.0001), IgM (P = 0.0001), and complement (P = 0.0001). Decreased in vitro lymphocyte proliferation was associated with the immune complex load of CD4+ cells. The higher the percentage of CD4+ gp 120+ cells in the blood, the lower the T cell response in vitro (P = 0.001). Moreover, an association was found between immune complex-positive cells and plasma neopterin (P = 0.01). Patients with increased plasma neopterin levels had decreased in vitro responses to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) (P = 0.006), phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) (P = 0.004), concanavalin A (Con A) (P = 0.09), and anti-CD3 MoAb (P = 0.03), and decreased CD4+ cell counts in the blood (P = 0.006). Since maximally 1% of CD4+ lymphocytes are infected with HIV, T cell dysfunction and T cell depletion in HIV-infected patients may also be caused by the release of free gp120 that binds to uninfected CD4+ cells. Our data suggest that the functional inhibition and subsequent elimination of uninfected CD4+ lymphocytes with surface gp120-immunoglobulin-complement complexes may be a pathomechanism in the manifestation of AIDS.
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PMID:Association of T cell and macrophage dysfunction with surface gp 120-immunoglobulin-complement complexes in HIV-infected patients. 810 28

We evaluated the prognostic role of a novel tumour-associated antigen, termed 90K, in a cohort of HIV+ asymptomatic haemophilia patients with known duration of seropositivity and median follow-up of about 7 years. The circulating levels of 90K are higher in HIV+ asymptomatic patients than HIV- controls. The antigen levels remain quite stable over time in non-progressing patients, while they steadily rise in patients evolving to ARC/AIDS. Baseline high 90K levels are predictive of faster progression to ARC/AIDS and shorter survival. We conclude that an elevated 90K serum level is a predictor of poor prognosis in HIV+ asymptomatic haemophiliacs.
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PMID:Prognostic value of a novel circulating serum 90K antigen in HIV-infected haemophilia patients. 825 96

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 was recently found to use several chemokine receptors in addition to the CD4 molecule for attachment to, and fusion with, CD4+ cells. The interaction between macrophage-tropic HIV-1 strains and one of these chemokine receptors, CCR5, was shown to involve the V3-loop of the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120. Physiological ligands of CCR5, namely the beta-chemokines MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES, were found to competitively inhibit the V3-loop-CCR5 interaction. We therefore hypothesized that the V3-loop of gp120 of macrophage-tropic HIV-1 may share a binding site on CCR5 with MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES and that the V3-loop therefore might have some homology with these beta-chemokines. In the present study, we could demonstrate that affinity purified anti-V3-loop antibodies isolated from serum of an HIV-1-infected patient bound to MIP-1alpha and RANTES. Furthermore, sera of HIV-infected hemophilia patients without AIDS or ARC had significantly higher anti-MIP-1alpha and anti-RANTES antibody activities than sera of HIV-infected hemophilia patients with AIDS. We speculate that the higher activities of anti-MIP-1alpha and anti-RANTES antibodies in asymptomatic HIV-1 infected individuals might be due to a cross-reaction of beta-chemokines with anti-V3-loop antibodies raised against gp120 of macrophage-tropic HIV-1 strains, known to be prevailing in the asymptomatic stage of HIV infection. Such anti-chemokine antibodies may play a deleterious role in the pathogenesis of AIDS by reducing the chemokines' potential to inhibit HIV-1 entry into CD4+ cells.
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PMID:Anti-MIP-1alpha and anti-RANTES antibodies: new allies of HIV-1? 928 93