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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The correlation between response to chemotherapy and the serum level of neuron specific enolase NSE as well as value of the test for predicting relapse has been evaluated in 41 patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). A significant decrease of the mean NSE level in comparison with the pretreatment value was observed (p = 0.01). At the time of relapse the mean level increased significantly (p = 0.005). In 9 out of 19 responders to chemotherapy (47.3%) increase of the NSE level above the normal value preceded clinically diagnosed relapse by 3-6 weeks. These results demonstrate the usefulness of the test in treatment monitoring of patients with SCLC.
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PMID:[Treatment monitoring of patients with small cell lung cancer by determining levels of serum neuron specific enolase]. 838 60

Recently many monoclonal antibodies are applied in the clinical diagnosis of human cancers. Most of the antigens recognized by these monoclonal antibodies are carbohydrate in their chemical nature. Among these carbohydrate antigens, the sialyl SSEA-1 antigen is particularly useful for the diagnosis of lung cancers, as the elevated serum level of the sialyl SSEA-1 antigen is frequently observed in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung (ca. 45-75%). Some of the other carbohydrate antigens, such as CA19-9, are also known to be useful for the diagnosis of lung cancers. These carbohydrate antigens are preferentially found in the sera of patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung, while the SCC antigen (TA-4) is closely associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, and NSE (neuron-specific enolase) is frequently detected in the sera of patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung. The specific serum diagnosis of lung cancer of each histological type is now feasible because of the development of these appropriate tumor markers.
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PMID:[Monoclonal antibodies directed to human lung cancer]. 930 94

The diagnosis of lung cancer and early knowledge of its histological type are very important; however, this is still a difficult subject for the physician. The aim of this study was to improve the diagnostic efficiency of tumour markers in the diagnosis of bronchial carcinoma by mathematical evaluation of a tumour marker profile employing fuzzy logic modeling. A panel of five tumour markers, including CYFRA 21-1, CEA, NSE, and five additional parameters was determined in 281 patients with confirmed primary diagnosis of bronchial carcinoma of different histology and stage. A further 131 persons, who had acute and chronic benign lung diseases, served as a control group. A classificator was developed using a fuzzy-logic rule-based system. The diagnostic value of the combined tumour markers was significantly better than that of the individual markers and of a combination of CYFRA 21-1, CEA, and NSE. The discrimination of malignant vs benign diseases was realized with a sensitivity of 87.5% and specificity of 85.5%. The rate of correct classification of small-cell vs non-small-cell lung carcinoma was 90.6% and 91.1%, respectively; for squamous cell carcinoma vs adenocarcinoma it was 76.8% and 78.8%, respectively. Our detailed analysis has shown that the fuzzy logic system improves diagnostic accuracy up to a rate of 20%, especially in early stages and in patients with all marker levels in the grey area. Our concept proved to be more powerful than measurement of single markers or the combination of CEA, CYFRA 21-1, and NSE. Its use may help in distinguishing between malignant and benign disease and make it possible to define different subgroups of patients earlier in the course of their disease.
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PMID:Tumour markers in the diagnosis of bronchial carcinoma: new options using fuzzy logic-based tumour marker profiles. 982 61

A case of malignant neuroendocrine tumor presenting a huge mediastinal mass controlled with radiation therapy is reported. A thoracotomy was performed on a 57-year-old male and a mass was found to invade the trachea, main bronchus, and left atrium. The tumor was unresectable. Subsequently, cisplatin was administered, but the tumor grew in size and radiation therapy was recommended. The tumor responded well to thoracic irradiation (56 Gy) and disappeared. Three months later, lymph nodes metastases were noted in the retrocrural and upper abdominal paraaortic regions, but these were controlled again with palliative irradiation. Without further treatment, he survived free of disease for over 5 years. Specimens obtained during the thoracotomy showed that the tumor consisted mainly of small round cells with a rosette formation. Immunohistochemically the tumor was positive to NSE and slightly positive to keratin, but negative to LCA, L26, UCLH-1, EMA, Leu7, and chromogranin, suggesting a malignant tumor derived from neuroendocrine tissue.
Lung Cancer 1998 Oct
PMID:Malignant neuroendocrine tumor presenting a huge mediastinal mass controlled with radiation therapy. 986 8

Pleural effusion is a common diagnostic problem. The analysis of serum and body fluids for tumor markers has been intensively applied to clinical diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to determine the usefulness of simultaneous quantification of carbohydrate antigen 19.9, carbohydrate antigen 125, neuron specific enolase, mucinous-carcinoma-associated antigen, and ferritin in samples of pleural fluids in the malign pleural effusion and its differentiation from benign effusions. A total of 61 pleural effusions were collected from the patients, who were subjected either to simple needle aspiration or to tube drainage for the diagnosis of pleural effusion. Tumor markers were determined in benign patient groups with nonspecific pleurisy, tuberculous pleurisy, empyema, congestive heart failure and in malignancy groups consisting of adenocarcinoma, small cell lung carcinoma, mesothelioma, epidermoid lung cancer. The tumor markers CA-19.9, CA-125, NSE, and ferritin levels were quantified by the sandwich assay using the streptavidin technology of ELISA in an ES-300 Boehringer-Mannheim analyser. MCA was measured by employing a two-side solid phase EIA method. MCA measurements were done by the Cobas-Core. For all patients, the effusions correctly or incorrectly identified by the different procedures as being malignant or nonmalignant are defined as true positive, false positive, true negative, and false negative, the term 'positive' referring to histologically proven malignant pleural effusion while nonmalignant effusions are referred to as 'negative'. Therefore, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were defined as diagnostic parameters. The cut-off values calculated were 352 U/ml for CA-125, 54 U/ml for CA-19.9, 555 for ferritin, 11.1 for MCA and 8.7 for NSE. In our study, the highest sensitivity is found to be MCA with 100%; specificity, CA-19.9 with 97%; PPV, CA-19.9 and MCA with 95% and NPV, MCA with 100%. Our data imply that the co-measurement of MCA+CA-19.9+CA-125 levels may further improve their diagnostic value in malignant pleural effusion compared with that of each tumour marker alone and may be useful in distinguishing malignant from benign pleural effusions.
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PMID:Diagnostic usefulness of tumour marker levels in pleural effusions of malignant and benign origin. 1095 62

In this study, we evaluated the clinical usefulness of ProGRP and NSE for diagnosis and prognosis of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Serum levels of ProGRP and NSE were determined in 108 healthy subjects, 103 patients with benign pulmonary diseases, 142 with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and 114 with SCLC. Sensitivity of ProGRP in diagnosis of SCLC was significantly higher than that of NSE (64.9 vs. 43.0%, P < 0.001). The difference was substantial in patients with limited disease (56.5 vs. 20.3%, P < 0.001). However, 11 of 40 SCLC patients with normal levels of serum ProGRP (27.5%) showed elevated levels of serum NSE. In the SCLC patients receiving chemotherapy, the CR rate in patients with elevated NSE levels was significantly lower than in patients with normal levels of NSE (18.5 vs. 61.7%, P < 0.001). Elevation of both ProGRP and NSE was a poor prognostic factor, and patients with elevated levels of either ProGRP or NSE showed shorter survival than those without. From multivariate analysis, NSE was found to have a greater effect on survival of SCLC patients than ProGRP. These findings indicate that ProGRP is more sensitive than NSE for diagnosis of SCLC, while NSE is superior to ProGRP as a prognostic factor. In conclusion, both ProGRP and NSE are useful tumor markers and they have a complementary role for each other in diagnosis and prognosis of SCLC.
Lung Cancer 2001 Apr
PMID:Complementary roles of pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) and neuron specific enolase (NSE) in diagnosis and prognosis of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). 1128 30

A 68-year-old man was referred to our hospital after being treated for early gastric cancer to investigate the causative malignancy, as his serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level was increased. Chest radiography showed no abnormal opacities. Subsequently, a whole-body FDG-PET was performed, which detected some tiny lesions in the mediastinum and the right lower lung field. A diagnosis of small-cell lung carcinoma was made after mediastinoscopic and bronchoscopic examinations. After chemoradiotherapy, the previously abnormal uptake of FDG was attenuated and the bronchoscopic appearance was improved, while the serum CEA and NSE levels returned to normal. Our findings demonstrated that whole-body scanning by FDG-PET could be useful for early detection of lung cancer, especially in cases of small-cell lung cancer.
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PMID:[A case of radiologically negative small-cell lung carcinoma successfully detected early by whole-body FDG-PET]. 1129 86

As reported earlier, p53 antibodies are detected in the sera of patients with different types of cancer, including lung cancer. In contrast, in the serum of healthy subjects the presence of anti-p53 antibodies is extremely rare. We collected the venous blood samples of 109 patients affected with lung cancer (LC): 57 patients (46 M, 11 F) with non-small-cell carcinoma (NSCLC), 52 others (40 M, 12 F) with small-cell carcinoma (SCLC). Serum p53 antibodies were assayed using ELISA method and all positive sera were confirmed by Western-blot method. In addition, using IRMA methods we assayed serum CEA, TPA, CYFRA21-1 and NSE. Serum p53Ab are detectable (p53Ab-positive) in 35/109 (32.1%) patients with lung cancer. About 17/57 (29.8%) patients affected with NSCLC and 18/52 (34.6%) with SCLC were p53Ab-positive. CEA, TPA, CYFRA21-1 and NSE sensitivity in LC patients (NSCLC+SCLC) is 50.5%, 58.7%, 42.2%, 35.8%, respectively. The lower sensitivity (32.1%) of serum p53Ab is connected with the higher specificity and diagnostic accuracy (100% and 69%, respectively). Out of 35 patients p53Ab-positive, five (14.3%) exhibit only serum p53Ab, while serum values of the established tumor markers were lower than cut-off. Serum p53Ab assessment is a simple and a low-cost assay with a good specificity and diagnostic accuracy that in LC patients can be used at least in association with established tumor markers.
Lung Cancer
PMID:Serum anti-p53 antibodies in lung cancer: comparison with established tumor markers. 1155 11

In 1994 a 19-year-old woman presented with a few weeks history of back ache. Routine chest X-ray and CT examination revealed a lesion originating from the parietal pleura and destroying the ribs. The tumour was resected during thoracotomy. The histological examination raised the possibility of atypical carcinoid tumour. One year later the tumour recurred. After its re-resection, the patient received radiotherapy. Three years after the initial presentation multiple pulmonary metastases developed. The patient was treated with chemotherapy, receiving vincristine, epi-adriamycin and cyclophosphamide in 8 cycles, which resulted in complete remission. Between 1998 and 1999 progressions and partial remissions were observed, while the patient received further cycles of chemotherapy. Histological revision was performed in 1999 and a final diagnosis of desmoplastic small round cell tumour of the pleura was made. Immunohistochemically co-expression of cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, and NSE was observed. The patient died in June 2000. The whole follow-up period was 76 months. We thought this case to be worth for presentation because this unusual long survival, which was probably due to the aggressive complex anticancer treatment.
Lung Cancer 2002 Jun
PMID:Desmoplastic small round cell tumour of the pleura: a case report with unusual follow-up. 1200 47

A 68-year-old male patient presented with unspecific decline of general health, multiple tumours in the liver discovered by ultrasound examination and a focus suggestive of tumour on chest x-ray. He was hospitalised because of suspected metastatic lung carcinoma. Laboratory analysis revealed a distinct elevation of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE, 26,1 micro g/l). A CT scan of the abdomen confirmed the presence of multiple tumour foci in both hepatic lobes, while the lung, however, was found to be free of tumour on CT-examination. Bronchoscopy, gastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy were unremarkable. Subsequently, an ultrasound guided fine-needle biopsy of the liver was performed. Histological examination disclosed hemangiosarcoma with unusual, though unequivocal expression of NSE in tumour cells. As even follow-up examinations were unable to trace out any extrahepatic primary tumour, the hemangiosarcoma was concluded to be of hepatic origin. The patient succumbed to his disease 6 months later, an autopsy was not performed. This case report of a NSE-producing primary hemangiosarcoma of the liver clearly outlines that a histological confirmation of an allegedly clear clinical diagnosis should always be performed because malignant tumours are capable of (co-)expressing so called tumour markers independently of their histogenesis.
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PMID:[Hemangiosarcoma of the liver with unusual expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE)]. 1229 81


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