Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The standard therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains to be defined. The poor results from chemotherapy have favored the search for prognostic factors that help identify patients more likely to respond. Our objective was to find factors related to response, the duration of response, and overall survival in patients with advanced NSCLC. We reviewed the clinical records of 292 patients with non-operable NSCLC, all of whom had a good performance status and had received chemotherapy. Ninety percent were male and the median age was 59 years. The therapeutic regimens included MACC (methotrexate, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and CCNU), cisplatin + vindesine or etoposide, MIP (mitomycin, ifosfamide and cisplatin) and MVP (mitomycin, vindesine and cisplatin). In the multivariate analysis, a normal albumin level and the inclusion of cisplatin were related to the achievement of a response (40% if both favorable factors were present). No factors appeared related to the duration of response. The following factors were predictive for survival: weight loss, performance status, lymphocyte count, albumin level, number of metastases and the presence of bone metastases. We conclude that the albumin level identifies a group of patients with advanced NSCLC who are more likely to respond to cisplatin-containing chemotherapy.
Lung Cancer 1995 Mar
PMID:Serum albumin and other prognostic factors related to response and survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. 760 32

Previously, we reported an effective chemotherapeutic combination regimen for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC): cisplatinum, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, CCNU, and vincristine (PACCO). Forty-one patients with a diagnosis of NSCLC Stages III-A and III-B were entered into the protocol of neoadjuvant PACCO chemotherapy. Following two courses of chemotherapy, the patients were evaluated for surgical therapy. The overall response rate to the chemotherapy was 60%. Subsequently, 65% of the patients underwent surgical resection. The overall estimated median survival was 18 months. The survival of patients in III-A was 36 months and that of III-B was 18 months (95% confidence lower bounds for III-A: 8 months and for III-B: 13 months). There was one chemotherapy-related mortality but no surgical mortality. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with PACCO regiment offers an alternative to chemoradiation therapy, without increasing the surgical mortality, and should be validated in a randomized clinical trial. For successful neoadjuvant chemotherapy of Stage III NSCLC, chemotherapy combination which would give a high response rate without significant side effects must be chosen.
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PMID:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy of stage III-A and B lung carcinoma using the PACCO regimen. 760 19

In mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma, rotational and restraint stress specifically increases the formation of lung metastasis, and restraint stress markedly attenuates the antitumor effects of cyclophosphamide. The aim of this investigation was therefore to examine the effects of restraint stress on tumor metastasis in mice bearing MCa mammary carcinoma, and on the effectiveness of CCNU and DTIC. Restraint stress increases MCa mammary carcinoma metastasis, causes a marked reduction in cyclophosphamide activity, and a minor attenuation of the effects of CCNU and DTIC. The possible occurrence of seasonal factors, observed for the increase by rotational stress of Lewis lung carcinoma metastasis, was also determined for cyclophosphamide effectiveness. The survival time of control mice is longer in February than in June, and is not appreciably modified by rotational stress. The effects of cyclophosphamide are similar in both seasonal periods, and are similarly attenuated by rotational stress. The seasonal effects of rotational stress, and the reduction of the effects of cyclophosphamide caused by rotational stress, are accompanied by corresponding variations in the number of CD3+ and CD4+ splenic T-lymphocyte subsets and in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio, respectively. The reported effects of stress on tumor progression and on the effectiveness of cyclophosphamide thus appear to occur via modulation of immune responses of the host directed against the tumor. These data appear of interest for their experimental implications, and suggest the opportunity to consider the role that the stress during treatment may play in determining the effectiveness of clinical antitumor chemotherapy.
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PMID:Stress and chemotherapy. Combined effects on tumor progression and immunity in animal models. 1126 83

The human lung carcinoma cell line DLKP was exposed to sequential pulses of 10 commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs (VP-16, vincristine, taxotere, mitoxantrone, 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, CCNU, BCNU, cisplatin and chlorambucil); resulting cell lines exhibited resistance to the selecting agents (ranging approx. 1.5- to 36-fold) and, in some cases, cross-resistance to methotrexate (approx. 1.4- to 22-fold), vincristine (1.6- to 262-fold), doxorubicin (Adriamycin, approx. 1.1- to 33-fold) and taxotere (approx. 1.1- to 36-fold). Several of the variants displayed collateral sensitivity to cisplatin. A marked increase in in vitro invasiveness and motility was observed with variants pulsed with mitoxantrone, 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, BCNU, cisplatin and chlorambucil. There was no significant change in invasiveness of cells pulsed with VP-16, vincristine, taxotere or CCNU. All of the pulse-selected variants showed elevated levels of MDR-1/P-gp protein by Western blot analysis, although mdr-1 mRNA levels were not increased (except for DLKP-taxotere). In DLKP-taxotere, MRP1 protein levels were also greatly elevated, but mrp1 mRNA levels remained unchanged. BCRP was upregulated in DLKP-mitoxantrone at both the mRNA and protein levels. Gelatin zymography, Western blot and RT-PCR showed that DLKP and its variants secreted MMPs 2, 9 and 13. MMP inhibition assays suggested that MMP-2 plays a more important role than MMPs 9 and 13 in cell invasion of these DLKP drug-resistant variants in vitro. These results indicate that drug exposure may induce not only resistance but also invasiveness in cancer cells.
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PMID:Enhanced in vitro invasiveness and drug resistance with altered gene expression patterns in a human lung carcinoma cell line after pulse selection with anticancer drugs. 1523 24


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