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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The DMS-79 continuous line of human small cell lung carcinoma cells, which produces immunoreactive (IR)-corticotropin (ACTH), -lipotropin (LPH), and -beta-endorphin (beta END), was found to produce IR-calcitonin (CT). Two major high molecular weight (HMW) forms of IR-CT were observed after gel exclusion chromatography under denaturing conditions (mol wt. approximately 7,000 and approximately 14,000), as well as a minor HMW IR-CT component (mol. wt. approximately 70,000). None of these IR-CT materials was extracted from DMS-79 medium by affinity chromatography using an ACTH antibody covalently bound to agarose. These results demonstrate ectopic production of HMW forms of CT and ACTH/LPH/beta END by human lung tumor cells in tissue culture, but do not support the existence of a common CT/ACTH/LPH/beta END precursor molecule.
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PMID:Ectopic production of high molecular weight calcitonin and corticotropin by human small cell carcinoma cells in tissue culture: evidence for separate precursors. 23 96

In an attempt to localize hormones in cytocentrifuge-prepared cultured cells of small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL), various modifications of the immunoperoxidase (PAP) procedure (Sternberger, 1979) were tested. When using glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, or p-benzoquinone fixation (Pearse & Polak, 1975) and rabbit antibodies in primary or bridging steps of the PAP procedure, nonspecific staining (false positives) could be elicited with the majority of rabbit antibodies tested, but not with antibodies from other animal sources. This problem could be eliminated by fixation of cells either with formalin-acetone (Mason et al., 1975) or, when using antibodies from a source other than rabbit, glutaraldehyde. It was not possible to localize ACTH in DMS-79, a human SCCL line known to produce this hormone. However, calcitonin was localized in the calcitonin-producing SCCL line DMS-53. Failure to localize ACTH in DMS-79 may be due to the lower levels of this hormone in DMS-79, as compared to the levels of calcitonin in DMS-53. This study emphasizes the importance of proper controls before concluding successful localization in a given immunocytochemical preparation of cultured cells.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical staining of cytocentrifuge prepared cultured cells: nonspecific staining and its elimination. 241 84

We have previously described a panel of four monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) reactive with antigens expressed on tumor cells from small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL). These IgM MoAbs are cytotoxic to SCCL cells in the presence of complement and thus have potential as reagents for the removal of SCCL cells contaminating bone marrow autografts. Therefore, we examined the cytotoxicity of these MoAbs against normal hematopoietic progenitor cells as a preliminary step toward their use in clinical trials. In this paper we report the results of treating normal bone marrow and peripheral blood mononuclear cells with the four IgM MoAbs, as well as an IgG2a MoAb that we have recently prepared against an SCCL cell line, DMS 406. Peripheral blood and bone marrow mononuclear cells were treated with the MoAbs alone or in combination, in the presence of rabbit complement, and then plated into colony-forming assays. Notably, only one MoAb, SCCL-1, had any demonstrable cytotoxicity against progenitor cells. This toxicity was limited to bone marrow burst-forming unit-erythroid and all classes of blood progenitor cells. A MoAb cocktail containing a combination of either four or five MoAbs + complement spared most marrow progenitor cells. These studies extend the base of information regarding the expression of SCCL-associated antigens on hematopoietic cells and indicate that selected MoAbs may be used safely for the removal of SCCL cells from autografts by complement-dependent lysis or other means.
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PMID:Expression of antigens associated with small cell carcinoma of the lung on hematopoietic progenitor cells. 282 35

Immunoreactive calcitonin (CT) secreted by DMS 53, a cell line derived from human small cell carcinoma of the lung, consists almost entirely of molecular species larger than the mature hormone (Mr 3,420). Messenger RNA isolated from DMS 53 cells and nude mouse tumors was translated in wheat germ systems, and the products were precipitated with CT-specific antisera. Analyses of the translation products by electrophoresis on 15% polyacrylamide-sodium dodecyl sulfate gels indicated synthesis of a Mr 16,500 preprohormone that was reduced to Mr 14,500 by cotranslation with microsomal membranes. Immunoprecipitation of CT from media from pulse-labeled cultures revealed two major products (Mr 16,500 and Mr 14,500) and up to three minor secreted polypeptides (Mr 9,400, 8,400, and 6,800). Intracellular CT from cell homogenates appeared almost entirely as a single major product (Mr 14,500) and possibly 3-4 minor components (Mr 16,500; 9,200, 8,400, and 6,800). No glycosylated forms of CT were demonstrable by lectin binding methods or labeling attempts with tritiated sugars. The presence of multiple CT species in DMS 53 cells suggests significant post-translational processing of the larger precursor molecules and the accumulation and secretion by small cell carcinoma of the lung of several intermediate immunoreactive forms via a glycosylation-independent secretory pathway.
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PMID:Biosynthesis of procalcitonin in small cell carcinoma of the lung. 300 May 86

Interferon has been shown to enhance the ability of nonspecific cytotoxic mononuclear cells to lyse some, but not all, tumor cells. We have examined the effect of recombinant human gamma interferon (rIFN gamma) on the cell-mediated cytolysis of tumor target cells derived from continuously cultured lines of small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL). Cells from the SCCL lines DMS 44, 53, 79, 92, and 406 were labeled with 51Cr and incubated with normal and rIFN gamma-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells for 18 h at 37 degrees C and tumor cell lysis estimated by measuring 51Cr release. Although cells from certain SCCL lines were good targets for cell mediated cytotoxicity, susceptibility to lysis was heterogeneous among the different SCCL lines. DMS 406 and 79 were, on average, maximally lysed, while DMS 44, 53, and 92 showed less susceptibility to lysis by either control or rIFN gamma-stimulated effector cells. In addition, although pretreatment with rIFN gamma increased the cytolytic capacity of normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells from several different donors, preincubation of the tumor cell lines with rIFN gamma resulted in inhibition of cytolysis mediated by both control and IFN-activated effector cells. These findings suggest that although rIFN gamma may enhance cell-mediated lysis of SCCL tumor cells, it may also decrease susceptibility to lysis.
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PMID:Lysis of small cell carcinoma of the lung tumor cell lines by gamma interferon-activated allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells: abrogation of killing by pretreatment of tumor cells with gamma interferon. 301 8

Three established cell lines derived from human small cell carcinoma of the lung, and known to produce significant amounts of peptide hormones were used to evaluate the regulation of hormone secretion by cholinergic agonists. In two of the cell lines (DMS 53, DMS 153) acetylcholine chloride, bethanechol chloride, and carbamylcholine at the concentrations of 10(-3)M to 10(-5)M stimulated secretion of bombesin and calcitonin as measured by RIA. The third cell line, DMS 406, was not significantly stimulated. Inhibition of induced stimulation by the cholinergic antagonist atropine, but not hexamethonium, indicated the presence of muscarinic rather than the nicotinic type of cholinergic receptors on the stimulatable cells. These receptors appear to mediate hormone secretion comparably to normal endocrine cells.
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PMID:Bombesin and calcitonin secretion by pulmonary carcinoma is modulated by cholinergic receptors. 613 24

Spike electrogenesis, local depolarizing and hyperpolarizing responses, spontaneous rhythmic firing, and alternating resting potentials were measured in cells from a continuously cultured small cell carcinoma of the lung. Spike generation was blocked by MnCl2. In view of this evidence for calcium-spike electrogenesis and previous evidence of secretory activity in these cells, this cell line (DMS 53) can provide a model for the study of excitation-secretion behavior in human neoplastic cells.
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PMID:Calcium spike electrogenesis and other electrical activity in continuously cultured small cell carcinoma of the lung. 626 14

Sixteen continuous tumor-cell cultures have been isolated from 91 tissue specimens from patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung. Biopsy and autopsy specimens of primary and metastatic tumors have been utilized. The developing cell lines were recognized by proliferation of tumor cells in the culture from one to 14 weeks after explanation and have been maintained for up to four years. Primary lung tumor, bone marrow aspirations, pleural effusions and other metastases have all been productive explant material for the development of cell lines. Their human origin has been demonstrated by chromosome and/or isoenzyme analysis. Dense core vesicles, characteristically found in small-cell tumor cells were observed by electron microscopic examination of cultured cells. Growth rates in vitro have been measured and the in vitro cycle time in tumors of one cell line (DMS 79) has been compared with in vivo cycle time in tumors arising from DMS 79 cells in nude athymic mice.
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PMID:Isolation and growth characteristics of continuous cell lines from small-cell carcinoma of the lung. 626 31

A series of continuous cell lines of human small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL) have been evaluated for the production of bombesin (BN). In early established cultures BN was detected in the medium of 9 out of 11 cell lines and in 6 out of 7 cell homogenates examined. Levels in the medium were frequently higher in cultures of later passages compared to earlier passages of the same line and low levels developed in the two previously negative cell lines. Plasma concentrations were greater than 80 pmol/l in 2 out of 27 (7%) randomly selected patients with SCCL. A culture (DMS 406) established from the tumor of a patient with the highest plasma level (1240 pmol/l) was the highest producer in vitro. The results indicate that BN, which has been demonstrated immunocytochemically to be present in normal bronchial mucosal cells, is frequently produced by SCCL in vitro but elevated plasma levels are infrequently found in patients with this neoplasm.
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PMID:Bombesin production by human small cell carcinoma of the lung. 628 85

POMC processing is frequently altered in ACTH-secreting nonpituitary tumors in which intermediate lobe-like peptides such as corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide (CLIP) are occasionally generated. In rodent pituitaries, the exclusive presence of prohormone convertase PC2 in the melanotrophs of the intermediate lobe is responsible for the specific conversion of ACTH to alpha MSH and CLIP, by contrast with corticotrophs of the anterior lobe, which do not contain PC2 and, therefore, only produce ACTH. The goal of our study was to look for PC2 expression in ACTH-secreting nonpituitary tumors in man. Using Northern blot analysis, PC2 transcripts were detected in five nonpituitary tumors that contained large proportions of CLIP (from 40-95% of the total C-terminal immunoreactive ACTH). A predominant PC2 messenger ribonucleic acid migrated with an apparent mol wt of 5 kilobases, and a minor signal at 3 kilobases was also detected. No PC2 messenger ribonucleic acid could be detected in the small cell carcinoma of the lung-derived DMS-79 human cell line, which produces unprocessed POMC, or in three pituitary tumors responsible for Cushing's disease or Nelson's syndrome, which produced intact ACTH, but no CLIP. These data strongly suggest that, as in rodents, PC2 is responsible for the production of smaller POMC end products, such as CLIP, frequently observed in ACTH-secreting nonpituitary tumors in man.
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PMID:Expression of the prohormone convertase PC2 correlates with the presence of corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide in human adrenocorticotropin-secreting tumors. 796 50


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