Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The ability of tumor markers to improve cancer therapy is not established. We studied a man with a human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)-secreting large cell carcinoma of the lung and gynecomastia. Preoperatively, levels of HCG (109 ng/ml), its alpha and beta subunits (3.2 and 21 ng/ml, respectively) and plasma estradiol were elevated. Despite apparently complete tumor resection and total resolution of gynecomastia, HCG titers remained elevated (3.3 ng/ml), heralding tumor recurrence three weeks later. Because the pathophysiologic consequences of the ectopic secretion of HCG on pituitary function are not established, we administered 100 microgram of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (LHRH) and observed a markedly delayed increase in pituitary gonadotropins. Early chemotherapy, guided by persistence of HCG, reduced HCG to undetectable levels, restored to normal the response to LHRH and resulted in a distinctly unusual 30-month complete remission. Use of HCG as a tumor marker levels is more sensitive than the symptom of gynecomastia and may permit detection of small, potentially curable tumor foci.
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PMID:Ectopic secretion of chorionic gonadotropin by a lung carcinoma. Pituitary gonadotropin and subunit secretion and prolonged chemotherapeutic remission. 21 Jun 65

Endocrine and immunohistochemical studies were performed in a patient with lung cancer associated with gynecomastia. Elevated level of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in plasma and mild hyperadrenocorticism were demonstrated by hormone assays. Postmortem examination proved the existence of anaplastic small cell carcinoma of the lung mixed with a feature of chorioepithelioma. The presence of significant amounts of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), beta-melanocyte stimulating hormone (beta-MSH), calcitonin, gastrin, hCG, hCG-alpha, hCG-beta and human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS) in tumor tissues was demonstrated by radioimmunoassays, bioassay and immunohistochemical techniques. We present here a unique case of multiple hormones producing tumor elaborating both hormones of amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) series (ACTH, beta-MSH, calcitonin and gastrin) and of placental origin (hCG, hCG-alpha, hCG-beta and hCS).
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PMID:Multiple-hormone producing lung carcinoma. 22 25

ChaGo cells, derived from a human primary carcinoma of the lung, were successfully transplanted into nude mice without any change in morphologic characteristics over four generations and with continued ectopic secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and HCG alpha subunit (HCG-alpha). The concentration of free HCG-alpha was 1,100-fold higher than that of complete HCG in the original ChaGo culture medium but only 35-fold higher in nude mouse plasma, possibly due to slower metabolic clearance of complete HCG. Tumor weights correlated with plasma HCG-alpha but not with HCG. Tumor-bearing mice had significantly heavier uteri than did control mice.
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PMID:Maintenance of ectopic chorionic gonadotropin and alpha subunit secretion by a human lung cancer cell line (ChaGo) transplanted into nude mice. 90

Twenty-five non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 42 small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), one extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma, 4 carcinoid, and 13 non-lung cancer cell lines were analyzed for human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and related glycoprotein hormones. HCG or its subunits were present in 72% of NSCLC, 10% of SCLC, one extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma, 3/4 carcinoids and 2/13 non-lung cancer cell lines. Related glycoprotein hormones were undetectable. These data indicate a frequent production of HCG or its subunits by NSCLC cell lines and cell lines from tumors with carcinoid features. They confirm the clinical inclusion of carcinoids under the broad category of NSCLC rather than SCLC despite their neuroendocrine features. Clinicians should not assume that undifferentiated NSCLC with HCG production represent germ cell tumors.
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PMID:Human chorionic gonadotropin and related glycoprotein hormones in lung cancer cell lines. 164 86

To investigate the nature of various endocrine cells immunoreactive for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG alpha) in the lung, immunoelectron microscopic study was performed on fibrotic adult lungs and endocrine neoplasms of the lung. The mode of localization of hCG alpha and the size profile of hCG alpha granules were different among endocrine cells under various proliferative conditions. The population of hCG alpha granules in the grouped type of endocrine cells was more variable with a shift to smaller size (mean area: 1.395 x 10(-2) microns 2, mean maximum diameter: 149.8 nm), than that in solitary ones (1.493 x 10(-2) microns 2, 155.4 nm). Tumorlet endocrine cells had larger hCG alpha granules (1.800 x 10(-2) microns 2, 171.3 nm) without change of SD of size parameters. In carcinoid tumors, the size profile of hCG alpha granules was considerably different from that in the three types described above. Moreover, hCG alpha granules were significantly smaller in size in carcinoid tumors without lymph node metastasis (2.295 x 10(-2) microns 2, 189.8 nm) than those in malignant carcinoid tumors with metastasis (3.368 x 10(-2) microns 2, 230.5 nm). The population of hCG alpha granules in atypical endocrine tumor was the parallel shift to a larger scale (6.251 x 10(-2) microns 2, 307.5 nm) from that of malignant carcinoids and the distribution pattern was different from that in benign carcinoids. In small cell carcinoma of the lung, hCG alpha immunoreaction was preferentially present in perinuclear space and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum. The mode of localization of hCG alpha and the size profile of hCG alpha granules, representing specific features of intracellular processing of hCG alpha, may be closely related with some qualitative changes in the neoplastic process of pulmonary endocrine cells.
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PMID:Human chorionic gonadotropin alpha-subunit in endocrine cells of fibrotic and neoplastic lung. Its mode of localization and the size profile of granules. 215 84

Two cases of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)-producing lung carcinoma are reported. Both were male, aged 66 and 65, respectively histological examination of percutaneous lung biopsy revealed large cell carcinoma. The patients both developed bilateral gynecomastia during their clinical course. Endocrine function tests demonstrated high levels of HCG, HCG-beta, luteinizing hormone, estrone, estradiol, progesterone in the blood. They were given only anticancer chemotherapy with no effect and died. Autopsy revealed extensive metastases of lung cancer and the presence of HCG in tumor cells was demonstrated by immunohistochemical technique in both cases.
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PMID:[Two cases of human chorionic gonadotropin-producing large cell carcinoma of the lung accompanied with gynecomastia]. 217 Jul 32

This article documents a patient with lung carcinoma that produced three oncofetal antigens including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Serum AFP, CEA, and hCG-beta-subunit were extremely high--118,000 ng/ml, 133 ng/ml and 0.9 ng/ml, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining of these tumor markers revealed that these proteins were present in different cells. The pattern of lectin affinity electrophoresis of AFP resembled that of hepatocellular carcinoma. Also investigated was the reactivity of serum CEA to monoclonal antibodies against peptide or sugar moieties. Serum CEA values measured by antipeptide monoclonal antibodies were higher than those measured by antisugar monoclonal antibodies. The demonstration of AFP, CEA, and hCG in different tumor cells suggests that three genomes were not reactivated together in a cell, and the lung carcinoma probably consisted of at least three clones of cancer cells with different phenotypes.
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PMID:A primary lung carcinoma producing alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, and human chorionic gonadotropin. Immunohistochemical and biochemical studies. 244 64

Neurological disorders associated with a malignant neoplasm, which is not caused by a direct effect such as metastasis, infiltration or compression, is called carcinomatous neuromyopathy. Subacute cerebellar degeneration recognized in this category is characterized by acutely or subacutely progressive cerebellar ataxia and widespread loss of Purkinje cells. There have been several reports of subacute cerebellar degeneration in lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma and Hodgkin's disease, but rare in urogenital malignancies. We present a patient with neurological disorder considered subacute cerebellar degeneration associated with HCG-beta positive seminoma. A 29-year-old man noticed a left intrascrotal mass in the summer of 1984. The mass began to grow in April, 1985 and diplopia, gait disturbance and dysarthria appeared late in May. He consulted our hospital on July 20, 1985. Serum human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)-beta was elevated to 200 ng/ml but alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen were normal. Left high orchiectomy was performed and the tumor was diagnosed histologically as typical seminoma. Bulky metastatic tumor was recognized in retroperitoneum on abdominal CT but brain CT was normal. VAB VI chemotherapy was performed. The retroperitoneal metastatic tumor disappeared and HCG-beta was normalized and complete remission achieved, but cerebellar symptoms still remain 14 months after remission. This case is considered to be subacute cerebellar degeneration associated with seminoma and is the second case with testicular carcinoma reported.
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PMID:[Subacute cerebellar degeneration with HCG-beta positive seminoma of the testis]. 245 60

We studied the effects of preimmunization with a synthetic carboxy-terminal peptide of the beta-subunit of human choriogonadotropin (hCG) conjugated to diphtheria toxoid on the growth of two tumor models, the transplantable Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6J mice and the spontaneous mammary carcinoma in C3H/OuJ mice. Immunization with the conjugate prior to Lewis lung tumor implantation significantly (P less than 0.05) retarded the growth of tumors as measured by tumor weight 18 days following transplantation. The weights of Lewis lung tumors in animals preimmunized with the hCG immunogen were inversely correlated (r = 0.61) with the levels of circulating antibodies against human chorionic gonadotropin, whereas no statistical correlation was found between tumor weights and the levels of antibodies reactive to diphtheria toxoid. The number of conjugate-treated C3H/OuJ mice that developed mammary tumors was significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced compared to their vehicle-treated cohorts. Pretreatment with the synthetic muramyl dipeptide analog utilized as an adjuvant with both immunogens did not show any effect on the tumor growth in either tumor system.
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PMID:Effects of immunization against human choriogonadotropin on the growth of transplanted Lewis lung carcinoma and spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma in mice. 348 61

Continuous cell lines have been established from a variety of biopsy and postmortem species of tumor from patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL) and have been maintained over several years. The medium from the cultures has been assayed for peptide, glycoprotein, and steroid hormones. Significant amounts of 14 hormones including calcitonin, adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), parathormone, luteinizing hormone, chorionic gonadotropin, glucagon, growth hormone, somatostatin, prolactin, beta-endorpin, lipotropin, oxytocin-neurophysin, vasopressin-neurophysin, and estradiol have been demonstrated. Up to ten different hormones have been produced by a single cell line. Most produce ACTH and all evaluated so far produce estradiol. These studies indicate that cells from SCCL have a potential for producing a wide variety of hormones and that this characteristic can be maintained for prolonged periods of culture in vitro.
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PMID:Hormone production by cultures of small-cell carcinoma of the lung. 626 22


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