Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In [3H]inositol-labeled membranes prepared from Swiss mouse 3T3 and human small cell lung carcinoma cells, [Tyr4]-bombesin stimulated production of water-soluble inositol phosphates. The reaction was stimulated by guanosine 5'-O-[3-thiotriphosphate] and was specifically inhibited by both [Leu13-psi-CH2NHLeu14]-bombesin and the antibombesin antibody 2A11. [Tyr4]-bombesin-induced activation of phospholipase C is most apparent in Ca2(+)-depleted conditions (less than 1 microM[Ca2+]free). The kinetics of activation by ligand also demonstrate that [Tyr4]-bombesin-dependent phospholipase C activation is most apparent at [Mg2+]free of approximately 0.2 microM. At millimolar concentrations of [Mg2+]free, there is considerably less dependence on [Tyr4]-bombesin for activation of phospholipase C. ATP is not necessary for initial activation of phospholipase C, and beta, gamma-imidoadenosine-5'-triphosphate does not inhibit the reaction. These results demonstrate that in these cell types [Tyr4]-bombesin activates phospholipase C in conjunction with guanine nucleotides. Phospholipase C-coupled guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins would be appropriately considered as novel targets for the development of therapeutic strategies in small cell lung carcinoma.
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PMID:Effect of guanine and adenine nucleotides on bombesin-stimulated phospholipase C activity in membranes from Swiss 3T3 and small cell lung carcinoma cells. 216 51

In 158 plasma samples, obtained from patients with lung carcinoma, lung metastases, and infectious or inflammatory lung diseases and from healthy controls, the NMR relaxation times T1 and T2 of water protons were measured at a resonance frequency of 20 MHz by pulsed NMR techniques and adjusted to a standardized total plasma protein concentration. For one-third of these samples water-suppressed 500-MHz 1H NMR spectroscopy at 37 degrees C was used (a) to determine the widths of the composite lipid methyl and methylene signals, and (b) to quantitate individual lipid methylene signal components that could be detected in resolution-enhanced spectra. In addition, hematological parameters and the plasma levels of several acute phase proteins and apolipoprotein-A were monitored. No diagnostically significant differences between lung carcinoma patients and patients with nonmalignant lung disease could be found for any of the plasma NMR parameters, nor could T1 or lipid linewidth data distinguish between any patient group and healthy controls. However, the mean T2 was significantly shortened by about 15% for any kind of lung disease compared to healthy controls. Similar but less significant results were found for apolipoprotein-A levels. A linear discriminant function, calculated from the apolipoprotein-A and T2 data, did not improve the differentiation between malignant and nonmalignant lung disease but did improve the discrimination between tumor patients and healthy controls up to a sensitivity and specificity of 80 and 96.5%, respectively. T2 correlates inversely with plasma fibrinogen levels and the blood sedimentation rate and, therefore, appears to monitor a general inflammatory status of a tumor patient rather than the presence or absence of cancer. For all groups except healthy pregnant women, the lipid methylene composite signal linewidth correlates inversely with the fraction of mobile triglyceride present (mainly as VLDL), as estimated from resolution-enhanced spectra.
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PMID:Investigations concerning the potential for using 1H NMR relaxometry or high-resolution spectroscopy of plasma as a screening test for malignant lung disease. 231 28

Pure ethanol in experimental animal studies, may not primarily be carcinogenic, but secondarily it can act chemically and synergistically as a co-carcinogen via its endogenous metabolites and associated dietary and exogenous factors. However, ethanol, being a small molecule and miscible with water and most lipids, can readily enter cell membranes and directly affect cell function. In an in vitro study where ethanol was added to the culture medium for Lewis lung carcinoma, a dose-dependent suppression of tumour growth occurred. In the in vivo study, sequestration of the Lewis lung carcinoma in the lungs followed tail-vein injection in C57BL/6 mice. Starting on the second day after tumour implantation, primary pulmonary exposure was carried out with inhalations of 0.4% ethanol vapour from an aerosol for 70 min daily, this was continued for 17 days. This resulted in a marked reduction of the pulmonary tumour growth. Exposure to 0.1% ethanol vapour did not significantly affect the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma tumour. The optimum ethanol aerosol applications may thus be tumoricidal. Whether any ethanol secondary metabolites are involved is as yet uncertain.
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PMID:Ethanol vapour modulation of Lewis lung carcinoma, a murine pulmonary tumour. 232 62

Dihydroambazone 1, a soluble derivative of ambazone, was tested with an admixture of ascorbic acid (0.1, 0.25, or 0.5% in distilled water) for antineoplastic activity by different routes (i.p., p.o., s.c., i.v.) against leukemia P388, and by s.c. application against Lewis lung carcinoma on B6D2F1-mice. The results were compared with that of ambazone. 1 was as active as ambazone upon the per os d 1-4 schedule only. Ascorbic acid, added for stabilization of 1, had no significant influence on the results. Intravenously given 1 was of low activity. It proved to be toxic at 100 mg/kg body mass. The i.v. toxicity was estimated approximately on B6D2F1-mice (LD50: 150 mg/kg; LD100: 175 mg/kg; maximum tolerated dose (MTD): 100 mg/kg. A comparison between the MTD's of 1 and ambazone in mice and rats (Wistar) showed partly a somewhat better p.o. compatibility of 1. The expectation of a favourable i.v. applicable derivative from the otherwise in water nearly insoluble ambazone could not be realized.
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PMID:[Antineoplastic activity and toxicity of dihydroambazone in comparison with ambazone (1,4-benzoquinone-guanylhydrazone-thiosemicarbazone)]. 233 15

Recombinant human (rhu) interleukin 2 (IL-2) was evaluated alone and in combination with local hyperthermia (LH) in mice inoculated s.c. with 5 x 10(5) Lewis lung carcinoma cells. Four treatment regimens were begun 6 days postinoculation at a time when the tumor had grown to approximately 8.0 mm in diameter. Treatments were: group 1, saline injected as control; group 2, LH; group 3, rhuIL-2; or group 4, LH combined with rhuIL-2. LH utilized hot water circulation by a Brann Thermomix 1420. The intratumor temperature was maintained at 43 +/- 0.2 degrees C for 30 min each on days 6 and 10 and rhuIL-2 was given s.c. at 5 x 10(4) units twice a day for 5 days. Thirty mice in each group were sacrificed 28 days after tumor inoculation. An additional 20 mice in each group were observed for survival time. The size of primary tumor and the number of lung metastases were reduced and the survival time was prolonged in mice treated by either LH or IL-2. However, a greater antitumor effect in Lewis lung carcinoma tumor-bearing mice was observed using IL-2 therapy combined with LH. Tumor growth was associated with increased splenic granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells and an abnormal L3T4+/Lyt-2+ lymphocyte subset ratio (less than 1.0). Splenic granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cell numbers and the L3T4+/Lyt-2+ ratio returned to normal in the group treated with combination therapy, the best responder group. The L3T4+/Lyt-2+ ratio did not change in the groups treated with single therapy. These results suggest the efficacy and possible clinical relevance of combined therapy with rhuIL-2 and LH for certain metastatic tumors.
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PMID:Effects of interleukin 2 treatment combined with local hyperthermia in mice inoculated with Lewis lung carcinoma cells. 237 68

Viva-Natural, extracted from a dietary seaweed, containing a macrophage-activating polysaccharide, has been confirmed to be active against intraperitoneally implanted Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and spontaneous AKR T cell leukemia. The antitumor potential against LLC has been evaluated in comparison with standard synthetic immunomodulators such as pyran copolymer (MVE-2), isoprinosine, levamisole, and tilorone while manipulating the immune systems by immunosuppressive agents, cyclophosphamide (CY) and 2-chloroadenosine. The anti-LLC activity of Viva-Natural has been found to be superior to that of isoprinosine but inferior to that of MVE-2. LLC-enhancing effect of CY could be partially reserved by the subsequent administration of Viva-Natural or MVE-2 but not by isoprinosine. 2-Chloroadenosine, a specific macrophage inhibitor, abrogated the anti-LLC activity of Viva-Natural and isoprinosine but not the activity of MVE-2. Levamisole and tilorone showed no anti-LLC activity. Ethanol-precipitable fraction of water-soluble part of Viva-Natural (crude polysaccharide) demonstrated curative activity similar to that of MVE-2. Viva-Natural reversed the potentiation effect of ciclosporin on the development of leukemia in AKR mice at preleukemic stage.
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PMID:Anticancer potential of Viva-Natural, a dietary seaweed extract, on Lewis lung carcinoma in comparison with chemical immunomodulators and on cyclosporine-accelerated AKR leukemia. 247 96

We have previously established that type I interferon (IFN), a mixture of alpha- and beta-IFN, augments the antitumor activity of alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis, against B16 melanoma. The objective of the present investigation was to extend these earlier observations to metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma and to determine specifically which component(s) of type I IFN potentiates the antitumor activity of DFMO. Furthermore, we wanted to determine whether type II (gamma) IFN can also potentiate the antitumor activity of DFMO. Treatment of animals bearing Lewis lung carcinoma with DFMO, 2% in drinking water (3 g/kg/day), or IFN-alpha/beta (1000 units/mouse) given subcutaneously on alternate days for a total of ten doses alone resulted in 42 and 5% inhibition of tumor growth, respectively. A combination of DFMO and interferon brought about complete elimination of tumors in 12 of the 18 animals, and 94% inhibition of tumor growth in the remainder. DFMO or type I IFN administered alone caused 94 and 26% inhibition of metastasis, respectively. Combination treatment with these two agents resulted in complete elimination of visible metastases. Treatment of mice bearing B16 melanoma with DFMO resulted in 81% inhibition of tumor growth compared to controls. The administration of interferons alone resulted in tumor growth inhibition of 15, 3, 1, and 43% for type I, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-interferons, respectively. Treatment of animals with combination of DFMO and various interferons resulted in inhibition of 94, 93, 86, and 94% of B16 tumor growth for type I, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-interferons, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effect of murine alpha-, beta-, and gamma-interferons in combination with alpha-difluoromethylornithine, an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis, on the tumor growth and metastasis of B16 melanoma and Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. 249 64

Of the patients who underwent surgical treatment for the respiratory system at our hospital over the past 9 years, 6 were postoperatively complicated with chylothorax, 1 with liquorrhea and the other one with paraplegia. Chylothorax occurred after mediastinal lymph node dissection which was carried out for the treatment of malignant tumors. In five cases, it occurred on the left side, and in the sixth case, it occurred on the right side. In 2 patients who received conservative treatment, there was no reduction in chyle outflow, and they died of cerebral infarction and sepsis. The other 4 cases were surgically treated. In 3 of them, the impaired site of the thoracic duct was confirmed by administration of Sudan III before surgery. We confirmed that early reoperation for the chylothorax after lung resection should be performed. Liquorrhea occurred from the 5th costvertebral joint which had been directly infiltrated by lung carcinoma. Fortunately, the postoperative course was uneventful, though the patient complained of dizziness and headache until 14 postoperative days. The case of paraplegia was caused by oxydized cellulose cotton that entered the epidural space via the intervertebral foramen. It was used for hemostasis in the 5th costvertebral joint. This case indicates that oxydized cellulose cotton, which swells when it absorbs water, should be carefully used for hemostasis around the nerves.
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PMID:[Complication related to operative procedure in lung cancer and mediastinal malignancy--report of 6 cases]. 258 77

CGP 6809 is a water-soluble nitrosourea derivative with quite distinct chemical and biological properties as compared with the well-known representatives of this class of compounds. It is related to the antibiotic streptozotocin, from which it is distinguished in the structure of the sugar moiety and the position of the methylnitrosourea residue. CGP 6809 possesses practically the same alkylating potential as streptozotocin; however, its carbamoylating activity is comparable with that of CCNU. In contrast to other nitrosourea derivatives, CGP 6809 showed relatively little activity in murine leukemias but was markedly active in solid transplantable melanomas (Harding-Passay, B16), in the 11095 prostate carcinoma, and in a substrain of Yoshida hepatoma (AH 7974) resistant to BCNU and CCNU. In the Ehrlich and Yoshida ascitic tumors complete responses were seen with no toxic death. Dose-dependent activity was found in the human lung carcinoma MBA 9812 and almost complete growth inhibition was achieved in the human melanoma WM 47 by both the oral and parenteral routes of administration. However, mammary tumor lines (Ca 755, 2661/61, R-3230AC), the Guerin-T8 uterus epithelioma, and the Rous sarcoma/S-R proved to be relatively refractory to this drug. This was also the case for the Lewis lung carcinoma implanted i.m. or s.c. However, development of lung metastases was markedly inhibited. Combination therapy using CGP 6809 with cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, or chlorambucil in the same model led to partial responses of the primary tumor as well as almost total eradication of lung metastases.
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PMID:CGP 6809, a sugar-containing nitrosourea derivative: pharmacological and physicochemical properties. 271 56

The metallocene complex bis(cyclopentadienyl)acetonitrilechlorotitanium(IV) tetrachloroferrate(III) [(C5H5)2Ti(Cl)NCCH3]+[FeCl4]- was investigated for antitumor properties against three solid experimental animal tumors (B16 melanoma, colon 38 adenocarcinoma, Lewis lung carcinosarcoma). The growth of all three tumors was inhibited significantly by the titanocene complex. Colon 38 carcinoma and Lewis lung carcinoma revealed to be more sensitive to the titanocene tetrachloroferrate derivative than solid B16 melanoma, whereby the growth development of the aforementioned tumors was suppressed by 70-76% of control tumor size to T/C ratios amounting to 24-30%. Bis(cyclopentadienyl)acetonitrilechlorotitanium(IV) tetrachloroferrate(III) is representative of ionic titanocene complexes which are generally distinguished by improved water solubility in comparison to neutral metallocene compounds.
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PMID:Antitumor activity of an ionic titanocene tetrachloroferrate derivative against some solid experimental tumors. 275 35


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