Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Because zinc is an essential nutrient for tissue growth, cellular division, protein synthesis, and DNA and RNA replication, it also ought to play a critical role in the growth of tumors. To test this thesis, a series of experiments were performed to test the effect of zinc deficiency on the lethality of a variety of solid and ascites tumors in mice and rats. Specifically, the following models were tested: Walker 256 carcinosarcomas, solid and ascites forms in rats; three mouse leukemias (L5178yf, L1210, and P388) in CDF, male mice; and Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BI/6 male mice. Rats receiving a zinc-deficient diet showed marked reduction of tumor growth, both of solid or ascites models, and this was accompanied by striking increase in survival. Survival of mice with transplanted leukemia was also significantly prolonged by zinc deficiency. In addition, growth of the Lewis lung carcinoma was inhibited, but the survival through increased, was probably limited by the adverse effects of zinc deficiency. The results suggest that tumor inhibition is a general effect of zinc deficiency, irrespective of cell type, cell growth rate, species, or site of growth. There are numerous potential applications of zinc metabolism to the diagnosis, therapy, and understanding of cancer.
 ...
PMID:Implications of the inhibition of animal tumors by dietary zinc deficiency. 60 51

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulated in vitro invasion, migration, and adherence to reconstituted basement membrane by metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) clones, but this stimulation was blocked by protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors and by expression of a transfected mutant RI alpha which blocks PKA activation. In vitro migration and adherence of metastatic LLC transfectants was heightened by expression of a transfected C alpha gene and further heightened by Zn2+ induction of the expression vector. Nonmetastatic LLC were not migratory nor invasive. However, nonmetastatic LLC that were stably transfected with a C alpha gene were both migratory and invasive, particularly when C alpha expression was further induced with Zn2+. The results of these in vitro studies show that PKA can enhance the metastatic characteristics of LLC.
 ...
PMID:Activation of protein kinase A increases the in vitro invasion, migration, and adherence to reconstituted basement membrane by Lewis lung carcinoma tumor cells. 129 38

A cohort of 54,128 men who worked in Ontario mines was observed for mortality between 1955 and 1986. Most of these men worked in nickel, gold, or uranium mines; a few worked in silver, iron, lead/zinc, or other ore mines. If mortality that occurred after a man had started to mine uranium was excluded, an excess of carcinoma of the lung was found among the 13,603 Ontario gold miners in the study (standardised mortality ratio (SMR) 129, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 115-145) and in men who began to mine nickel before 1936 (SMR 141, 95% CI 105-184). The excess mortality from lung cancer in the gold miners was confined to men who began gold mining before 1946. No increase in the mortality from carcinoma of the lung was evident in men who began mining gold after the end of 1945, in men who began mining nickel after 1936, or in men who mined ores other than gold, nickel, and uranium. In the gold mines each year of employment before the end of 1945 was associated with a 6.5% increase in mortality from lung cancer 20 or more years after the miner began working the mines (95% CI 1.6-11.4%); each year of employment before the end of 1945 in mines in which the host rock contained 0.1% arsenic was associated with a 3.1% increase in lung cancer 20 years or more after exposure began (95% CI 1.1-5.1%); and each working level month of exposure to radon decay products was associated with a 1.2% increase in mortality from lung cancer five or more years after exposure began (95% CI 0.02-2.4%). A comparison of two models shows that the excess of lung cancer mortality in Ontario gold miners is associated with exposure to high dust concentrations before 1946, with exposure to arsenic before 1946, and with exposure to radon decay products. No association between the increased incidence of carcinoma of the lung in Ontario gold miners and exposure to mineral fibre could be detected. It is concluded that the excess of carcinoma of the lung in Ontario gold miners is probably due to exposure to arsenic and radon decay products.
 ...
PMID:Carcinoma of the lung in Ontario gold miners: possible aetiological factors. 166 86

Zinc sulfonated phthalocyanine (ZnSPc) 10 mg.kg-1 was injected iv into mice bearing S-180 and RA795 lung carcinoma, after 24 h tumor site were irradiated with red light. In mice bearing S-180, tumor regression rate was 31.8-43.5%, tumor growth inhibition rate was 57.4%. The highest concentration was in tumor tissue 24 h after injection of this dye, on d 5 it still retained relatively highest concentration. However, in most other tissues the dye was not detected at this time, disappearance of ZnSPc from plasma was rapid, it showed an open two compartment model, t1/2 alpha 135.8 min, t1/2 beta 70.1 h, Vd 1.92 x 10(-3) L. In blood, most ZnSPc was bound with plasma protein, the peak light absorption showed blue shift. ZnSPc 2.5 micrograms.ml-1 plus light, percent of DNA double strands greatly decreased, this indicated that DNA was one of target sites for ZnSPc photodynamic action.
 ...
PMID:[Photodynamic therapy of zinc sulfonated phthalocyanine on murine transplanted tumors, its tissue distribution, and damaging effect on DNA of cancer cell]. 181 3

Anorexia is a major clinical problem for patients with certain types of cancer. The specific mechanisms that result in this spontaneous decline in food intake remain unknown. In noncancer populations, zinc has been shown to play a role in maintaining normal appetite, taste acuity, and immunocompetence. One purpose of this prospective, longitudinal study of cachexia in ten males with small cell lung carcinoma was to determine if anorexia (caloric intake), perceived taste changes, zinc intake, and impaired cellular immunity were associated with serum zinc concentrations. The average daily caloric intake declined 490 kcal from time of diagnosis to seven months after diagnosis (mean caloric intake = 72% of RDA). Daily zinc intake ranged from 6.5 to 25.4 mg over the seven months. During this period, the mean serum zinc concentrations, although low (71 micrograms/dl), remained within the normal range. The average weight declined from 81.7 to 74.1 kg. There was no identifiable pattern of perceived taste changes; most of the perceived changes were recorded during the period coinciding with prophylactic cranial radiation. At the initial testing, four of nine subjects were anergic to a battery of skin test antigens (mumps, candida, tuberculin purified protein derivative). The only subject who remained responsive to two antigens throughout the study remained alive at 12 months. Caloric intake was inadequate to maintain weight. While zinc intake was low, low normal serum zinc concentrations were maintained; thus in this sample, serum zinc does not appear to be the anorexigenic factor.
 ...
PMID:Anorexia, serum zinc, and immunologic response in small cell lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and prophylactic cranial radiotherapy. 302 47

The variation of tissue copper, zinc, iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium content of inbred C57BL/6 mice during the infective cycle of Lewis lung carcinoma have been studied. Tissue calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium concentrations were well maintained during the infective cycle, probably because of their large dietary availability, copper, zinc and iron, however, showed a progressive decrease in their tissue concentrations. Liver zinc increased in parallel with the metastasising process. The important decrease in tissue iron observed agress with the characterized hypoferric response to infection. However, when the losses of metals were considered on a global organism basis, the loss of iron was not paralleled by an increase in tumor iron, but a global loss was observed. The hypoferric response did not deter tumor growth, as this was able to carry on its development with significantly decreasing neoplastic tissue iron content. The only metal actively concentrated by the tumoral mass was sodium.
 ...
PMID:Essential metals in tissues and tumor of inbred C57BL/6 mice during the infective cycle of Lewis lung carcinoma. 381 20

Adrenalectomy prevents thymic atrophy but not splenomegaly in mice implanted with Lewis Lung carcinoma cells. Surprisingly, the presence of the tumor does not lead to increased levels of corticosterone, which argues against an exclusive role of stress in the tumor-induced involution of the thymus. Interestingly, serum from tumor-bearing hosts in vitro displays strong cytolytic activity against normal syngeneic thymocytes. This thymocytotoxicity depends upon the stage of tumor development, i.e., the size of the local tumor, and is concomitant with the severe thymic atrophy. Treatment of donor mice with zinc chloride or excision of the local tumor, both of which have been shown to prevent this involution of the thymus, also abolishes the cytotoxic effect of the serum. The active component of the serum is a nonimmunoglobulin fraction of molecular weight greater than 25,000 Da. The possible mechanisms of tumor-dependent thymic atrophy as well as the in vivo relevance of this serum-mediated thymocytotoxicity are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Studies of the thymus in mice bearing the Lewis lung carcinoma. III. Possible mechanisms of tumor-induced thymic atrophy. 633 32

Modulation of thymic natural killer (NK) cell activity by the serum thymic factor (thymulin or FTS-Zn) was demonstrated in mice carrying the Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL). Thymulin decreased the increased NK activity found in amputated (tumor) tumor-bearing mice and induced a significant NK activity in nonamputated mice, normally devoid of such activity. Zinc had no effect in either case. Histological studies revealed that zinc prevented the tumor-induced thymic atrophy. A clear-cut decrease in the number of lung metastases was observed in zinc-treated mice. This effect was suppressed by concomitant administration of thymulin to amputated mice. The thymic dependency of the anti-metastatic action of zinc as well as the mode of action of thymulin on NK cell activity in tumor-bearing animals is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Studies of the thymus in mice bearing the Lewis lung carcinoma. II. Modulation of thymic natural killer activity by thymulin (FTS-Zn) and the antimetastatic effect of zinc. 668 8

Microelements metabolic disorders, including copper and zinc, constitute an important field of cancer studies. Efforts are undertaken to identify cancer markers. Found changes in plasma copper and zinc levels in patients with lung carcinoma may have clinical implications, and help in the diagnosis despite the fact that there are no reports in the literature confirming specificity of these two elements for lung carcinoma. Plasma copper and zinc levels were determined in blood samples of 94 patients with lung carcinoma with atomic absorption technique. The obtained results were compared with those in 20 healthy blood donors, and were analysed statistically and plotted graphically. Statistically significant differences in patient's plasma vs control group were noted.
 ...
PMID:[Level of copper and zinc in plasma of patients with lung cancer]. 770 69

Four Zn(II) 2,3-naphthalocyanines (unsubstituted ZnNc1, tetracetylamido substituted ZnNc2, tetramino substituted ZnNc3 and tetramethoxy substituted ZnNc4) incorporated into unilamellar liposomes of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine have been injected intra-peritoneally (i.p.) (0.25-0.3 mg kg-1) to male C57/Black mice bearing a transplanted Lewis lung carcinoma. The pharmacokinetic investigations show that three of the four studied ZnNcs, 1, 2 and 4, are good tumor-localizers in Lewis lung carcinoma. The highest concentration is detected after ZnNc1 administration. The lowest tumor concentration as well as the lowest phototherapeutic effect were established with ZnNc3. In previous work it was shown that this ZnNc did not differ from the other three studied ZnNcs regarding the quantum yield of 1O2-formation and the photoinduced electron transfer. Obviously not only the good photochemical properties but also the tumor drug uptake can be an important factor of effective PDT. The biodistribution investigations also show that 72 h after drug injection, the skin concentration of the studied ZnNcs returns to the original base line. Indeed, we can expect that the skin photosensitivity will last for no longer than three days after PDT. The established higher drug concentration in the tumor rather than in the liver tissue (20 h after injection) shows again the tumor targeting selectivity of the applied liposome-sensitiser delivered procedure. Evaluating the PDT effect as reflected in the dynamics of the mean tumor diameter, we obtained unambiguous data on the potential capacity of ZnNcs 1,2,4 as PDT-photosensitisers. The data obtained from the assessment of the cytotoxic effect of PDT on the basis of the degree of induced necrosis, gave an adequate characterization of the tumor tissue destruction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Hydrophobic Zn(II)-naphthalocyanines as photodynamic therapy agents for Lewis lung carcinoma. 802 49


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>