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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ferruginous (asbestos) bodies may be found in the lungs of almost everyone in the population, but little information is available as to whether such bodies are nucleated on asbestos or on some other fibrous dust. In this study morphologically "typical" ferruginous bodies were isolated from the lungs of 23 autopsy and surgical patients, none of whom had primary asbestos exposure. Eleven patients had carcinoma of the lung. To determine the nature of the core, 328 bodies were examined by electron diffraction. Of these, 264 (80%) showed the diffraction patterns of amphibole asbestos, whereas six showed the pattern of chrysotile asbestos. No amorphous cores or crystalline nonasbestos cores were identified. Fifty-eight (18%) bodies could not be diffracted because of the thickness of the iron-protein coat. No differences were seen between patients with and without lung cancer. We conclude that typical ferruginous bodies have asbestos cores, which are usually amphibole type. The findings suggest widespread exposure to asbestos dust; occupational histories appeared to indicate the source of exposure in some but not all patients.
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PMID:Analysis of the cores of ferruginous (asbestos) bodies from the general population. I. Patients with and without lung cancer. 89 70

Histochemistry, SEM-EDX and X-ray fluorescence analysis were applied to detect the distribution of iron, arsenic and other related elements in the pulmonary tissues of tin miners in Yunnan. Lesions obtained in human beings could be reproduced in rats subjected to intratracheal injection of arsenic containing ore dust, which was prepared in order to study the deposition, dissociation and release of inhaled less-soluble arsenic containing ors dust in the lungs and the process of development of different ferruginous bodies. Data obtained in the pulmonary tissues provided also the evidence about the role of arsenic as the etiological factor of lung carcinoma in the tin miners of Yunnan province.
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PMID:[Study of deposition and translocation of mineral dust in lungs of tin miners in Yunnan by X-ray microanalysis]. 149 71

A cohort of 54,128 men who worked in Ontario mines was observed for mortality between 1955 and 1986. Most of these men worked in nickel, gold, or uranium mines; a few worked in silver, iron, lead/zinc, or other ore mines. If mortality that occurred after a man had started to mine uranium was excluded, an excess of carcinoma of the lung was found among the 13,603 Ontario gold miners in the study (standardised mortality ratio (SMR) 129, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 115-145) and in men who began to mine nickel before 1936 (SMR 141, 95% CI 105-184). The excess mortality from lung cancer in the gold miners was confined to men who began gold mining before 1946. No increase in the mortality from carcinoma of the lung was evident in men who began mining gold after the end of 1945, in men who began mining nickel after 1936, or in men who mined ores other than gold, nickel, and uranium. In the gold mines each year of employment before the end of 1945 was associated with a 6.5% increase in mortality from lung cancer 20 or more years after the miner began working the mines (95% CI 1.6-11.4%); each year of employment before the end of 1945 in mines in which the host rock contained 0.1% arsenic was associated with a 3.1% increase in lung cancer 20 years or more after exposure began (95% CI 1.1-5.1%); and each working level month of exposure to radon decay products was associated with a 1.2% increase in mortality from lung cancer five or more years after exposure began (95% CI 0.02-2.4%). A comparison of two models shows that the excess of lung cancer mortality in Ontario gold miners is associated with exposure to high dust concentrations before 1946, with exposure to arsenic before 1946, and with exposure to radon decay products. No association between the increased incidence of carcinoma of the lung in Ontario gold miners and exposure to mineral fibre could be detected. It is concluded that the excess of carcinoma of the lung in Ontario gold miners is probably due to exposure to arsenic and radon decay products.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the lung in Ontario gold miners: possible aetiological factors. 166 86

Asbestos bodies (AB) have long been recognized in light microscopic (LM) sections of pulmonary hilar lymph nodes (LN) from patients with asbestos-related diseases, but the presence of AB on LM has not been correlated with the lung AB burden. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether AB in histologic sections of LN are indicative of heavy lung asbestos burdens. Twenty cases (17 with asbestosis, 15 with carcinoma of the lung, and two with malignant pleural mesothelioma) with at least one AB on a hilar LN section were identified. Bleach digestion of lung tissue in 15 cases demonstrated a median of 24,000 AB/g by LM and 44,000 AB/g by scanning electron microscopy. Digestion of hilar nodes demonstrated 21,800, 15,500, and 3,200 AB/g by LM in three cases which had lung burdens of 22,000, 481,000, and 5470 AB/g, respectively. A fourth LN specimen contained 322,000 AB/g in a case with no lung available to digest. Mean AB lengths in the LN in three cases were 48, 45, and 27 microns. Fourteen control cases of men over 50 without known asbestos exposure or asbestos-related disease had no AB in LN sections even after staining for iron. Among fourteen patients with parietal pleural plaques and an elevated lung asbestos body content, AB were observed in iron-stained LN sections in only two cases. These two patients had 3240 and 610 AB/g lung tissue, respectively (normal range 0 to 20 AB/g). We conclude that the finding of AB on a histologic section of hilar LN is generally indicative of a heavy lung AB burden.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Asbestos bodies in pulmonary hilar lymph nodes. 221 55

The effect of central iv hyperalimentation (IVH) as an adjunct to aggressive antineoplastic therapy for small cell carcinoma of the lung was evaluated in a randomized trial with 119 evaluable patients. IVH was given over a 28-day period with higher caloric and protein intake for patients nutritionally depleted on entry in the study; all patients were escalated in caloric and protein intake to maximize nutritional repletion. Combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy induced a 45.5% complete response rate and an overall response rate of 92.8%. Median survival for patients with limited disease was 18 months; median survival for patients with extensive disease was 11 months. Patients randomized to receive IVH did not have a better response rate (P = 0.97) or survival (P = 0.78) than control patients. IVH did not significantly alter the survival for patients who at baseline had greater than 5% pretreatment weight loss, low caloric intake, decreased serum albumin, or reduced total iron-binding capacity. Significantly more febrile episodes were seen in IVH patients than in control patients (P less than 0.001). Short-term IVH to patients with this malignancy who are capable of enteral alimentation cannot be routinely recommended as adjunctive therapy.
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PMID:Effect of adjuvant central iv hyperalimentation on the survival and response to treatment of patients with small cell lung cancer: a randomized trial. 298 91

The variation of tissue copper, zinc, iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium content of inbred C57BL/6 mice during the infective cycle of Lewis lung carcinoma have been studied. Tissue calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium concentrations were well maintained during the infective cycle, probably because of their large dietary availability, copper, zinc and iron, however, showed a progressive decrease in their tissue concentrations. Liver zinc increased in parallel with the metastasising process. The important decrease in tissue iron observed agress with the characterized hypoferric response to infection. However, when the losses of metals were considered on a global organism basis, the loss of iron was not paralleled by an increase in tumor iron, but a global loss was observed. The hypoferric response did not deter tumor growth, as this was able to carry on its development with significantly decreasing neoplastic tissue iron content. The only metal actively concentrated by the tumoral mass was sodium.
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PMID:Essential metals in tissues and tumor of inbred C57BL/6 mice during the infective cycle of Lewis lung carcinoma. 381 20

Within a case-control study of male lung carcinoma in northern Sweden combined effects of underground mining (iron ore mines) and smoking were analysed. A synergistic effect was found approximately of multiplicative type. Cases with lung carcinoma exposed to underground mining had a considerably lower average cumulative tobacco consumption than other lung carcinoma cases as an expression of the fact that smoking is particularly dangerous in underground miners. Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma was overrepresented among the cases exposed to underground mining and were especially often low tobacco consumers. In the 2 municipalities where the iron mines were located 74 per cent of the male lung carcinoma incidence could be explained by smoking and 55 per cent by underground mining (etiologic fractions).
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PMID:Combined effects of mining and smoking in the causation of lung carcinoma. A case-control study in northern Sweden. 629 49

The records on 375 consecutive bone marrow aspirations were reviewed to establish the incidence and association of peripheral and bone marrow basophilia. Seventeen cases of peripheral basophilia were identified (4.5 percent incidence) and were associated with iron deficiency (five cases), lung carcinoma (four cases), anemia of undetermined cause (four cases), and chronic myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplasia, chronic renal failure, and acute myelogenous leukemia (one case each). There were six cases of marrow basophilia, including iron-deficiency anemia (two cases), sideroblastic anemia with myelodysplasia, mild dyspoiesis, anemia of chronic disease, and acute erythroleukemia. Marrow basophilia was significantly associated with myelodysplasia and sideroblastic anemia, but was not found in 37 patients with lymphoproliferative disorders. There were no instances of simultaneous marrow and peripheral basophilia. These data support the concept that marrow basophilia is a specific, although not sensitive, marker of disruption of the normal marrow maturation controls.
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PMID:Basophils in peripheral blood and bone marrow. A retrospective review. 670 76

This review presents various aspects of the technological development, and their assessment in the design of a contrast agent for MRI, tailored to visualise tumours in the brain. First, it was demonstrated that magnetite as a contrast agent exhibited a much stronger relaxivity than gadolinium. The prepared magnetite particles bound to dextran, were also shown to be of appropriate size by electron microscopy. After their intravenous injection into rats with blood-brain barrier disruption, the lesion was strongly enhanced by T2-shortening. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies directed against small cell lung carcinoma, proved to be able to penetrate into tumours, which had been raised by implantation of the small cell lung carcinoma cells into the brains of nude rats. As to the essential step, it was demonstrated in vitro that magnetite particles coupled to monoclonal antibodies by the biotin-streptavidin binding, could be bound to the target cells of the antibody, changing the relaxation rates of the latter. Finally it could be shown in vitro that an alternative approach, using lymphocytes to be targeted to tumour cells, also proved feasible, in that these lymphocytes could be labelled with magnetite that had been incorporated into liposomes. Further developments will be the in vivo assessment of the acquired progress in experimental animals, before clinical application is warranted.
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PMID:Our approach towards developing a specific tumour-targeted MRI contrast agent for the brain. 768 84

Neutron-activated crocidolite, containing 55Fe and 59Fe, was used to determine whether iron was mobilized from crocidolite phagocytized by cultured human lung carcinoma cells (A549 cells). Cells were treated with neutron-activated crocidolite in medium at pH 6.8 or 7.4 for 24 h. The mobilization of iron into two subcellular fractions, 10,000g supernatant (total iron) or < 10,000 MW [low-molecular-weight (LMW)] was monitored using scintillation counting. Iron was mobilized from crocidolite at a rate similar to that observed in vitro when citrate was incubated with crocidolite for 24 h at pH 7.4, but the amount mobilized was greater when cells were cultured at pH 6.8 than at 7.4. Iron mobilization was not due to the medium nor did it appear to be due to differences in the amount of crocidolite phagocytized. At the highest concentration of crocidolite used for treatment at pH 7.4 (4.5 micrograms/cm2), a total of 3600 pmol iron/10(6) cells was mobilized of which 54 pmol/10(6) cells was in a LMW fraction. After estimation of the volume of the cells, this was calculated to be equivalent to an intracellular concentration of 1.4 mM iron of which 22 microM was in the LMW fraction. Cell survival decreased linearly as the iron mobilized into the LMW fraction increased, independent of the pH of the culture medium being used. These results suggest that iron mobilization from crocidolite into a LMW fraction may represent "iron overload" in cells which have phagocytized the fibers and may be responsible for crocidolite-dependent cytotoxicity and possibly other crocidolite-dependent biological effects.
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PMID:Iron mobilization from crocidolite asbestos by human lung carcinoma cells. 797 79


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