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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 27 year old woman had in 1965, a paraneoplastic Cushing's syndrome was cured by removal of a pulmonary tumour. The case was published in June 1968. After a normal pregnancy, a recurrence of the Cushing's syndrome in 1969 led in 1970 to bilateral total adrenalectomy in two stages. Pathology showed hyperplastic adrenal glands. After 11 years follow up, we have not noted any relapse of the tumour nor of the Cushing's syndrome. The pathological appearance of the lung carcinoma removed in 1965 (endocrinoid or neuroid structures) suggests that this was an "apudoma" and that the recurrence of the Cushing's syndrome was perhaps an "apudomatosis" involving the pituitary ACTH cells.
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PMID:[Follow-up study of non-neoplastic Cushing's syndrome followed by paraneoplastic Cushing's syndrome after removal of a malignant pulmonary tumor. Role of the diffuse endocrine system and APUD (amine precursor uptake decarboxylase) cells]. 2 28

The radioimmunoassay of ACTH was used in a routine laboratory to localize the site of the lesion in 20 patients with Cushing's syndrome. Eight of the patients had no detectable circulating ACTH and had adrenal tumors removed, 12 had high levels and were diagnosed as having pituitary Cushing's syndrome. Very high levels of plasma ACTH were found in eight patients who had primary adrenal insufficiency, while ACTH was undetectable in ten patients with secondary hypoadrenalism. The routine use of this assay in endocrinology should reduce the hospitalization of patients under investigation for disorders of the pituitary--adrenal axis. Eight patients who had the ectopic ACTH syndrome and carcinoma of the lung were found to have very high levels of ACTH with no diurnal variation. Forty-seven patients with oat-cell carcinoma but without evidence of the ectopic ACTH syndrome had normal ACTH levels. A possible role of ACTH and other peptide hormones as tumor markers is mentioned.
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PMID:Application of adrenocorticotropin assays in a routine clinical laboratory. 17 40

Big corticotropin (adrenocroticotropic hormone, ACTH), an immunoreactive form of ACTH with low biological activity and which elutes in the void volume on Sephadex G-50 gel filtration, is found in plasma and extracts of human pituitary and tumour. Controlled tryptic digestion of big ACTH releases a product with full corticotropic activity which is indistinguishable from the (1-39) ACTH with respect to size, charge and susceptibility to tryptic digestion. Immunoreactive ACTH, predominantly in the big form, is found in virtually all tissue extracts of carcinoma primary to or metastatic from the lung, but not of carcinoma metastatic to the lung, and even in precancerous lung lesions. The absence of clinical Cushing syndrome in patients with carcinoma of the lung and moderate elevation of plasma concentrations of ACTH is due to the low biological activity of big ACTH. Prolonged survival (for more than two years) of patients with lung carcinoma has been observed only in those whose plasma ACTH is low before therapy or after resection of the lung tumour. Rabbit, rat and mouse pituitaries contain an intermediate sized ACTH but the usual 1-39 peptide predominates in the pituitaries of monkey, sheep, dog, cat and guinea pig, as well as man. The hormonal form of ACTH appears to be an important factor regulating the cortisol/corticosterone ratio in mammalian adrenal corticoid secretion because administration of porcine ACTH to rabbits alters the adrenal secretory pattern so as to decrease corticosterone production and increase cortisol production.
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PMID:Multiple forms of corticotropin (adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH) and their significance. 18 Dec 23

Two cases of small cell carcinoma of the lung associated with the ectopic production of multiple hormones are reported. Both tumors were shown to contain significant amounts of ADH, ACTH, and beta-MSH. Biologic, immunologic, and gel chromatographic properties of these ectopic hormones were found to be very similar to those of pituitary origin. The effect of excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) dominated the clinical manifestations in both cases, i.e., syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH). The clinical manifestations of the ectopic ACTH-MSH syndrome were minimal. These data suggest that multiple hormone production without clinically overt sequelae of excess hormone is not uncommon in small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the lung.
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PMID:Two cases of multiple hormone-producing small cell carcinoma of the lung: coexistence of tumor ADH, ACTH, and beta-MSH. 18 19

Daily arginine-vasopressin (AVP) excretion was determined by radioimmunoassay in 60 consecutive cases of untreated lung carcinoma. Control excretion was 61 +/- 34 (SD) in 41 healthy subjects and 50 +/- 38 ng/24 h in 10 patients with chronic lung diseases. Overall 20 out of the 60 cases of lung carcinoma presented with abnormally elevated urinary AVP; In the group with anaplastic oat-cell carcinoma, 15 of 23 had elevated urinary AVP with a mean of 370 +/- 331 (SD) ng/24 h if 2 cases with extremely high values of 11 100 and 55 300 ng/24 h respectively are excluded. None of the 9 patients with large-cell carcinoma had elevated urinary AVP, while only 3 of the 19 cases of epidermoid carcinoma and 2 of the 9 cases of adenocarcinoma had high urinary AVP, with means of 127 +/- 8 and 125 +/- 12 ng/24 h respectively. Plasma osmolality and sodium correlated inversely with AVP excretion. However, only 10 of 23 patients with increased urinary AVP had decreased plasma sodium, although one became hyponatremic 9 weeks later. In one patient AVP excretion normalized after radiotherapy. Plasma renin activity and urinary aldosterone were usually low when urinary AVP was high. Two cases with elevated plasma luteotrophic hormone and another with elevated plasma ACTH, all three presenting with oat-cell carcinoma, were found;
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PMID:[Daily excretion of antidiuretic hormone in bronchial carcinoma]. 19 8

The Grimelius silver nitrate stain has enabled us to demonstrate the presence of tumor cells with argyrophil granules (argyrophil cells) in small cell carcinoma of the lung. Of the 22 tumors, 11 showed varying numbers of argyrophil cells. The occurrence of the cells differed in frequency among the subtypes of small cell carcinoma. The fusiform cell type showed the cells more frequently than the other types. Both tumors with numerous argyrophil cells belonged to the fusiform cell type. The number of positive cells seen under the light microscope did not correlate with the number of cells containing neurosecretory granules under the electron microscope, nor with the amount of either ACTH or serotonin in the tumor extracts. The demonstration of these cells in a pulmonary carcinoma may be of help in making correct histological diagnosis.
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PMID:Demonstration of argyrophil granules in small cell carcinoma of the lung. 20 93

Immune complexes could be isolated from sera of 7 patients with oat-cell carcinoma of the lung, but not from 5 normal controls, using zonal ultracentrifugation. After ultracentrifugation, fractions containing macromolecular IgG were absorbed on a protein A-sepharose column and the immune complexes were eluted and dissociated by glycin-HCl buffer at pH 3.5. The eluates were tested for the presence of tumour-associated proteins as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), non-specific crossreacting antigen (NCA), alpha2 pregnancy associated antigen (alpha2PAG) and isoferritin. Whereas none of these tumour-associated antigens could be demonstrated, an ACTH-like activity was detected in the immune-complex fractions of 4 patients with oat-cell carcinoma, by radioimmuno- and bioassay. Polyacrylamide electrophoresis of an immune-complex fraction from a patient with Cushing syndrome showed ACTH-like activities, with mol. wt of 110,000, 75,000, 30,000 and less than 20,000 (all glycoproteins) indicating the presence of different subfractions of big ACTH.
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PMID:ACTH-like activity in immune complexes of patients with oat-cell carcinoma of the lung. 21 84

ProACTH was identified by radioimmunoassay and column chromatography in extracts of 38 lung carcinomas. One hundred patients were evaluated because of abnormalities on chest roentgenograms; 53 (72 per cent) of 74 with lung cancers had increased plasma ACTH immunoreactivity; all 26 with benign abnormalities had normal ACTH. Of 101 patients with obstructive lung disease, five of 20 with elevated plasma ACTH levels and two of 81 with normal plasma ACTH levels had lung cancer within two years. In three of 31 patients with granulomatous lung disease plasma ACTH levels were elevated during acute exacerbation of the disease, but they returned to normal after recovery. We conclude that plasma ACTH immunoreactivity is frequently increased early in the course of lung carcinoma.
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PMID:ProACTH: use for early detection of lung cancer. 22 Aug 73

The capacity which the cells of some tumors have of synthesizing, storing, and releasing hormonal polypetides constitutes the basic characteristic of the neoplasms of the APUD system. On many occasions these polypeptides are released as hormonal precursors of high molecular weight, with a minimal biological action in comparison with the real hormone (big ACTH, big gastrin, etc.), and they have no clinical expressivity. On other occasions they reproduce, however, the clinical syndrome of the hormone released in excess. The production of multiple hormones by a single tumor is not a common event. Here we present the case of a patient with an oat-cell carcinoma of the lung and a carcinoma of the pancreas, both histopathologically primitive. In this patient a syndrome of inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone was detected. By means of radioimmunoassay techniques, the existence of antidiuretic hormone, ACTH with a predominance of the components of high molecular weight (big ACTH and beta-LPH) and MSH was demonstrated in the tumoral extracts from the lung, pancreas, and from a mediastinal metastatic lymph node. While the concentrations of ACTH were much greater in the lung than in the pancreas, the opposite occurred for the antidiuretic hormone. The synthesis of MSH by the hypophyseal gland or by tumors is not at present recognized, but rather is considered as a degradation product during the process of extraction. The APUD system makes up the morphologic substrate of the syndromes of familiar multiple endocrine adenomatosis. The present case could represent a variant of sporadic multiple endocrine neoplasms which would have the same anatomical basis.
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PMID:[Hormonal multiplicity of an apudoma of the lung and pancreas. Characterization of the different peptides in the tumoral extracts (author's transl)]. 22 76

The DMS-79 continuous line of human small cell lung carcinoma cells, which produces immunoreactive (IR)-corticotropin (ACTH), -lipotropin (LPH), and -beta-endorphin (beta END), was found to produce IR-calcitonin (CT). Two major high molecular weight (HMW) forms of IR-CT were observed after gel exclusion chromatography under denaturing conditions (mol wt. approximately 7,000 and approximately 14,000), as well as a minor HMW IR-CT component (mol. wt. approximately 70,000). None of these IR-CT materials was extracted from DMS-79 medium by affinity chromatography using an ACTH antibody covalently bound to agarose. These results demonstrate ectopic production of HMW forms of CT and ACTH/LPH/beta END by human lung tumor cells in tissue culture, but do not support the existence of a common CT/ACTH/LPH/beta END precursor molecule.
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PMID:Ectopic production of high molecular weight calcitonin and corticotropin by human small cell carcinoma cells in tissue culture: evidence for separate precursors. 23 96


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