Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A monoclonal antibody (87.5) with high specificity for the terminal Gal alpha 1--4Gal residue, a receptor for P-fimbriated E. coli, was obtained by immunization with a neoglycoconjugate. A modification of a method for the immunostaining of glycolipids separated on thin layer chromatography plates was developed, in which detection of glycolipids reacting with the antibody was achieved with the immunoperoxidase technique. An affinity chromatographic technique for the analysis of oligosaccharides on immobilized monoclonal antibodies was developed for characterization of tumour associated antigens. Using this method a monoclonal antibody with specificity for human squamous lung carcinoma cells was shown to have high affinity for difuco-p-lacto-N-hexose (Lea-X). The relative amounts of Lea and Leb active glycolipids, obtained from urine sediments in individuals with blood group Lea-b+, was evaluated. A significant number of the samples obtained from patients with urinary bladder carcinoma displayed a ratio Lea/Leb greater than 1, whereas controls showed Lea/Leb less than 1. The results demonstrate the potential use of detailed biochemical investigations on exfoliated material in urine. 3. Urine sediments from patients with the ureteroenterocutaneous type of urinary diversion were shown to contain typical intestinal glycolipids. These were mainly of ABH and Lewis type based on the lacto carbohydrate core sequence. A regional expression of these antigens could be demonstrated. The relative amount of the antigens varied, depending on the intestinal origin of the conduits/reservoirs. The same urinary sediments were also shown to contain considerable amounts of an intestinal type of mucin. High-performance ion exchange chromatography revealed mucin glycopeptides to constitute a very heterogeneous population. The mucin glycopeptides expressed blood group activity mainly correlating with the glycolipids obtained from corresponding samples. Only a minority of the glycopeptides, however, seemed to contain these antigens.
 ...
PMID:Epithelial cell, blood group related, carbohydrate antigens. 305 53

Misonidazole, SR-2508, nitrofurazone and other nitroheterocycles stimulated release of 14CO2 from [1-14C]glucose but not from [6-14C]glucose when incubated with mouse Ehrlich ascites cells or human A549 lung carcinoma cells in vitro. This demonstrated that the nitro compounds activated the hexose monophosphate shunt and is evidence that an important pathway of nitro reduction in these cell lines is electron transfer from NADPH-dependent cytochrome c reductase to the nitro group. Shunt activity was stimulated under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. For catalase-free Ehrlich cells, aerobic effects were greater than anaerobic, indicating that NADPH was used for reduction of H2O2, via GSH peroxidase and reductase, as well as for one-electron nitro reduction, under aerobic conditions. Several of the compounds tested stimulated 14CO2 release from [2-14C]glucose as well as from [1-14C]-glucose. This shows that the cellular requirement for NADPH, in the presence of nitro drug, was great enough to cause recycling of pentose phosphates. Recycling could decrease the availability of ribose-5-P needed for nucleic acid synthesis, which could partly explain the inhibition of DNA synthesis observed upon prolonged aerobic incubation of cells with nitro compounds. Comparison of the rate of disappearance of nitrofurazone from anaerobic A549 cell suspensions with the rate of 14CO2 release suggests that the drug reduction in this cell line was catalyzed almost entirely by NADPH-requiring enzymes.
 ...
PMID:Nitroheterocycle metabolism in mammalian cells. Stimulation of the hexose monophosphate shunt. 642 13

The increased uptake of hexose by mammalian cells is considered to be a general response to stress. Nowadays, mistletoe lectin separated from the extracts of the European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) is often used in adjuvant cancer therapy. The present work studies the effect of the lectin on unirradiated and x-irradiated tumour cells. The response of cultured human lung carcinoma cells (Calu-1) was followed by radioactive glucose uptake as well as by tritiated thymidine incorporation. The cells were maintained either in a complete or a so-called restrictive medium. Slight metabolic changes were found in the restrictive medium but not in the complete one. Mistletoe lectin I at a very low concentration (0.001 ng/mL) increased the glucose uptake and thymidine incorporation. Ionizing radiation (1 Gy) did not influence the hexose uptake but it enhanced the incorporation of thymidine. It seems that the actions of two different factors (mistletoe lectin I and radiation) proved to be rather provoking stress effects for the tumour cells as detected in the restrictive medium.
 ...
PMID:Effects of mistletoe lectin I and ionizing radiation on the glucose and thymidine uptake in tumour cells in vitro. 1059 33