Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The prevalence of neural elements in prostatic carcinoma and their effects on the behavior of the lesion have recently been recognized. Recent reports suggest that chromogranin-A- and neuron-specific enolase-expressing tumors have an earlier progression and a lower response rate to hormonal therapy. The extreme presentation of this tumor is presumed to be small cell carcinoma of the prostate. This bombesin-secreting tumor, which has a characteristic clinical picture of early visceral involvement, wide-ranging metastases, and a relatively low rate of expression of PSA and PAP, is highly responsive to chemotherapy. The relatively high rate of expression of neural elements in primary prostatic carcinoma is discordant with the low frequency of clinical small cell carcinoma of the prostate. In order to account for these differences, one can assume that neural elements may play a role in the progression of this disease by either developing their own neoplastic process (small cell carcinoma of the prostate) or, in the majority of cases, causing paracrine progression of the tumor. Bombesin is typically secreted by small cell carcinoma of the lung and possibly by the prostate. It has been shown to be a growth factor mediating the progression of this disease in a number of experiments. Preclinical data demonstrate increased invasiveness and increased proliferation associated with bombesin in the treatment of prostatic carcinoma. Based on the hypothesis that neural peptides may be important mediators of androgen-independent growth of prostatic carcinoma as well as predicting poor prognosis, inhibition of these factors may represent a therapeutic strategy of relevance for the treatment of patients with prostatic carcinoma.
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PMID:The inhibition of the paracrine progression of prostate cancer as an approach to early therapy of prostatic carcinoma. 133 63

To evaluate the effect of administration of dobutamine on gas exchange in patients with one-lung atelectasis during pneumonectomy, ten patients with normal pulmonary function and localized carcinoma of the lung were studied during pulmonary resection. With each patient in the lateral decubitus position, hemodynamic profiles and oxygen transport data were recorded before and after administration of dobutamine at 5 micrograms/kg/min. Patients were ventilated with one-lung anesthesia and administration of 100 percent oxygen. With infusion of dobutamine, the heart rate, cardiac index, and LVSWI significantly increased. Mean arterial pressure increased while PAP fell. Systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance also declined. Arterial oxygenization and delivery improved, while oxygen uptake was unchanged. Pulmonary shunt fraction was significantly reduced. While the mechanism for shunt reduction in our patients is unclear, operative factors may include pulmonary vasodilation with dobutamine inhibition of HPV. The negative impact of reduced HPV may have been lessened by gravitational distribution of blood flow and dobutamine-mediated reduction in PAP in our patients.
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PMID:Effect of cardiac output on gas exchange in one-lung atelectasis. 233 7

In an attempt to localize hormones in cytocentrifuge-prepared cultured cells of small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL), various modifications of the immunoperoxidase (PAP) procedure (Sternberger, 1979) were tested. When using glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, or p-benzoquinone fixation (Pearse & Polak, 1975) and rabbit antibodies in primary or bridging steps of the PAP procedure, nonspecific staining (false positives) could be elicited with the majority of rabbit antibodies tested, but not with antibodies from other animal sources. This problem could be eliminated by fixation of cells either with formalin-acetone (Mason et al., 1975) or, when using antibodies from a source other than rabbit, glutaraldehyde. It was not possible to localize ACTH in DMS-79, a human SCCL line known to produce this hormone. However, calcitonin was localized in the calcitonin-producing SCCL line DMS-53. Failure to localize ACTH in DMS-79 may be due to the lower levels of this hormone in DMS-79, as compared to the levels of calcitonin in DMS-53. This study emphasizes the importance of proper controls before concluding successful localization in a given immunocytochemical preparation of cultured cells.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical staining of cytocentrifuge prepared cultured cells: nonspecific staining and its elimination. 241 84

The value of immunoreactivity of antibodies against neuronspecific enolase (NSE), bombesin (GRP), and synaptophysin (SY 38) as markers for various human lung carcinoma has been assessed. One hundred-forty-two primary bronchus carcinomas (small cell anaplastic carcinoma, epidermoid carcinoma, adeno carcinoma, and large cell anaplastic carcinoma) were studied by the indirect immunoperoxidase method (PAP). SY 38 was found to react positively in 49/68 (79%) of the small cell anaplastic carcinoma (SCCL) and in 6/74 (8%) of the non-small cell carcinoma of the lung (NSCCL). Positive immunohistochemical data with antibody SY 38 showed in some cases an immunoreactive polypeptide of Mr = 40.000 obtained by immunoblotting similar in molecular weight as described for synaptophysin in other tumours. Reactivity of NSE was observed in 41/68 (61%) of the SCCL and in 8/74 (10%) of the NSCCL. Positive reactivity to GRP was similar to NSE in 42/68 (62%) of SCCL and in 7/74 (10%) of NSCCL. All cases of NSCCL reacting positively to SY 38 were found to react positively to NSE, and to GRP. Prognostic value of SY 38 was calculated vp = 0.71 for positive prediction and vn = 0.91 for negative prediction. The data indicate that SY 38 represents the broadest marker for neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung since in addition to the majority of SCCL about 10% of NSCCL are recognized by the antibody SY 38.
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PMID:Expression of neuroendocrine markers (neuronspecific enolase, synaptophysin and bombesin) in carcinoma of the lung. 314 9

The aim of the study was the ultrastructural analysis of endogenous lipid pneumonia (ELP)-type changes localized in the vicinity of primary neoplasms of the lungs. The analysis was carried out on the material obtained from 30 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Routine histopathological examination was performed in light microscope, focusing mainly on the presence or lack of ELP-type changes. Ultrastructural examinations in transmission electron microscope used 12 cases classified among early (4 cases) or advanced (8 cases) ELP forms. Results of the study reveal a likely coexistence of ELP- and PAP (pulmonary alveolar proteinosis)-type changes in the vicinity of NSCLC and suggest a correlation between the processes leading to the development of ELP or/and PAP. Ethiopathogenesis of the changes observed and the role of granulocytes, macrophages and type II alveolar epithelial cells are discussed.
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PMID:Ultrastructural study of endogenous lipid pneumonia and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis coexistent with lung cancer. 927 46

Measurements including spirographic examination, arterial blood gas tensions, standard electrocardiogram are routinely used to define risk factors for patients undergoing lung tissue resection. In some instances routine functional check-ups should be accompanied by the assessment of the hemodynamics of pulmonary circulation. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the correlations between gasometric and hemodynamic parameters measured at rest and after exercise. In case of the presence of such correlations I wanted to find the principles to provide pulmonary artery hypertension in order to avoid right heart catheterization. The gasometric parameters in systemic and in mixed venous blood (pH, PaO2, PaCO2, SaO2) as well as hemodynamic parameters of pulmonary circulation (PAP, PCWP, CVP) were measured in 50 male patients with lung carcinoma. All measurements were taken at rest and after an exercise test--5 minutes, 50 W workload on cycle ergometer in supine position. CI, PVR and SVR were calculated. The study proved statistically significant correlations between gasometric and hemodynamic parameters and made possible to calculate the regression lines equations, which help to predict pulmonary artery pressure before tissue resection.
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PMID:Comparative analysis of the gasometric and hemodynamic parameters in preoperative evaluation of patients with lung cancer. 1289 3

Conventional treatment of recurrent and metastasized prostate cancer (CaP) remains inadequate; this fact mandates development of alternative therapeutic modalities, such as specific active or passive immunotherapy. Previously, we reported the identification of a novel highly immunogenic HLA-A*0201-restricted Prostatic Acid Phosphatase-derived peptide (PAP-3) by a two-step in vivo screening in an HLA-transgenic (HHD) mouse system. In the present study we aimed at elucidating the efficiency of PAP-3-based vaccine upon active antitumor immunization. To this end we established preventive and therapeutic carcinoma models in HHD mice. The 3LL murine Lewis lung carcinoma clone D122 transduced to express HLA-A*0201 and PAP served as a platform for these models. The HLA-A*0201-PAP-3 complex specific recombinant single chain scFV-PAP-3 antibodies were generated and used to confirm an endogenous PAP processing resulting in PAP-3 presentation by HLA-A*0201. PAP-3 based vaccines significantly decreased tumor incidence in a preventive immunization setting. Therapeutic vaccination of HHD mice with PAP-3 led to rejection of early established tumors and to increase of mouse survival. These results strongly support a therapeutic relevance of the identified CTL epitope upon active antitumor immunization. The newly established carcinoma model presented herein might be a useful tool for cancer vaccine design and optimization.
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PMID:Preventive and therapeutic vaccination with PAP-3, a novel human prostate cancer peptide, inhibits carcinoma development in HLA transgenic mice. 1673 49