Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have investigated the ability of liposomes containing a lipophilic muramyl dipeptide, N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine glycerol dipalmitate (MDP-GDP) to activate Kupffer cell tumoricidal activity in situ and to inhibit the growth of experimental hepatic micrometastases of tumor cell line H-59, a liver-homing variant of the Lewis lung carcinoma. Liposomes prepared from distearoylphosphatidylcholine/dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DSPC/DMPG) and containing MDP-GDP (1 mumol and 2 micrograms, respectively) were efficiently taken up by the liver after i.v. administration. A single i.v. injection of DSPC/DMPG liposomes containing MDP-GDP was capable of inducing Kupffer cell tumoricidal activity against H-59 tumor cells as measured in vitro. Control liposomes or 100 micrograms free MDP were ineffective in inducing Kupffer cell tumoricidal activity in situ. Two treatment regimens were evaluated in vivo: firstly, C57BL/6 mice were injected with tumor cell line H-59 and subsequently treated with multiple injections of liposomal MDP-GDP. Secondly, treatment with liposomal MDP-GDP was initiated prior to tumor cell injection and continued after tumor cell injection. The ability of liposomes containing MDP-GDP to reduce the number of hepatic micrometastases using the first protocol was related to the tumor cell inoculum, significant inhibition being observed at lower liver tumor burdens (less than 25 tumor nodules). Pretreatment of the mice prior to tumor cell challenge followed by treatment afterwards greatly enhanced the efficacy of liposomal MDP-GDP and brought about a highly significant inhibition of the growth of experimental metastases even at high liver tumor burdens (greater than 50 nodules).
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PMID:Inhibition of murine hepatic tumor growth by liposomes containing a lipophilic muramyl dipeptide. 290 83

Uptake of Tc-99m Hexamethylpropylene-amine Oxine (HM-PAO) was seen in bone metastases from carcinoma of the lung. The uptake was prominent when compared to Tc-99m MDP, I-123 IMP, and Ga-67 citrate. Brain imaging with Tc-99m HM-PAO and N-isopropyl-p-[I-123] iodoamphetamine (IMP) is now frequently performed. Uptake of these agents has been reported in brain tumors and melanomas. In this report, uptake of Tc-99m HM-PAO in a metastatic lesion in bone is discussed.
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PMID:Tc-99m hexamethylpropylene-amine oxine (HM-PAO) uptake in a bone metastasis. 316 75

To determine the frequency with which liver metastases are visualized on bone scintigraphy, 425 pairs of liver and bone scans, performed within one month of each other, were reviewed. Sixty-three of the 425 liver scans showed metastases. Of these 63, five cases of carcinoma of the colon and six cases of carcinoma of the lung also visualized by Tc-99m MDP scintigraphy. This represented 46% of colon metastases and 15% of lung metastases detected on liver scan. Liver metastases from other primary tumors were not detected on bone scan, but the numbers for these tumors were small. The liver metastases which were detected on bone scan were significantly larger than those which were not. The literature was reviewed and the primary and secondary tumors of liver with uptake of Tc-99m phosphate compounds listed.
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PMID:Visualization of metastatic liver disease on technetium-99m bone scintigraphy. 358 4

Seventy-nine cases with known carcinoma of the lung or breast who underwent both bone marrow aspiration and Tc-99m MDP bone scintigraphy were reviewed. The bone images were assessed for the presence of the pattern of bone marrow expansion which is visualized by diffuse increased metaphyseal activity, particularly evident at the knees, ankles, and elbows. This pattern was found to be an insensitive marker for the presence of marrow metastases (sensitivity 15%). The specificity of the finding was 86%. When diffuse increased metaphyseal activity is present on a Tc-99m MDP bone scan in a patient with malignant disease, the possibility of bone marrow metastases should be pursued by marrow aspiration and biopsy.
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PMID:Technetium-99m MDP scintigraphy. An insensitive tool for the detection of bone marrow metastases. 381 96

The efficacy of N-acetyl-nor-muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (nor-MDP) in controlling viral oncogenesis in mice was investigated. The tumors studied were blood cell malignancies induced by Friend leukemia virus in SJL/J mice, spontaneous mammary neoplasms in RIII/Imr and C3H/OuJ mice, and spontaneous lymphocytic leukemia in AKR/J mice. A transplantable tumor, Lewis lung carcinoma, in C57BL/6J mice was used as a nonvirally induced control model. The nor-MDP was dissolved in saline and made into an emulsion with an equal volume of squalene-Arlacel A and injected subcutaneously at 1- to 2-month intervals. Test and control mice were challenged with exogenous virus or tumor transplant 2 weeks after a second injection of nor-MDP. Administration was started at around 2 months of age in mice that develop spontaneous neoplasms. Electron microscopy studies were done on neoplastic tissues of selected test and control mice. This administration of nor-MDP prevented erythroleukemia in SJL/J mice caused by low doses of Friend leukemia virus (although erythroleukemia survivors were not protected from a late-developing lymphoma) and also delayed (possibly prevented) the development of a spontaneous mammary neoplasm in RIII/Imr mice. No antitumor effects were observed on the spontaneous neoplasms of C3H/OuJ and AKR/J mice or on the Lewis lung carcinoma implanted into C57BL/6J mice. Electron microscopic examinations of the various neoplastic tissues indicated that nor-MDP administration eliminated or reduced extracellular viruses. The results suggested that under the experimental conditions used nor-MDP appears to effect the viruses and not the malignant cells per se.
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PMID:Prevention of oncogenic viral infections in mice with CGP 11637, a synthetic muramyl dipeptide analog. 386 29

To study the clinical relevance of bone-marrow metastasis, bone-marrow biopsy and aspiration from the posterior iliac crest were performed in 11 consecutive patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung. Six of the 11 patients (54.5%) showed tumor cell involvement in the bone marrow. In 4 patients with bone-marrow metastasis, myelocytes and metamyelocytes were present in the peripheral blood. Aspiration was diagnostically more valuable than bone-marrow biopsy. Bone scintigrams, using 99mTc-MDP, correlated with the bone-marrow involvement except in one case, where false-negative results were obtained. The areas of bone-marrow metastasis did not match well with the positive lesions detected by bone scintigraphy.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of the bone marrow examination in small cell carcinoma of the lung]. 630 2

The efficacy of 6-O-QS-10-N-acetyl muramyl-L-valyl-D-isoglutamine methyl ester (quinonyl-MDP-66) for restoring impaired immune status was examined in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma. Quinonyl-MDP-66 suspended in phosphate-buffered saline was shown to restore the depressed allogeneic cell-mediated cytotoxicity of spleen cells from mice with Lewis lung carcinoma when the chemical was injected twice intraperitoneally, intravenously, or intratumorally. However, primary tumor size and the numbers of lung metastases were not affected when quinonyl-MDP-66 was administered under the present experimental conditions. Intraperitoneal injection of quinonyl-MDP-66 in mice with Lewis lung carcinoma enhanced host resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection.
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PMID:Effect of quinonyl-N-acetyl muramyl dipeptide on immune responses in tumor-bearing mice. 682 11

N2-[(N-acetylmuramoyl)-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl]-N6-stearoyl-L-lysine (MDP-Lys (L18), romurtide) is a synthetic muramyl dipeptide derivative, and has immunomodulating activities including activation of cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage. We examined the effect of intrapleural instillation of MDP-Lys (L18) against malignant pleurisy associated with lung cancer. Six patients with cytologically-positive malignant pleural effusion (four with adenocarcinoma, one with small cell carcinoma and one with large cell carcinoma) were treated with single intrapleural instillation of MDP-Lys (L18) of 200 microg. Clinically, no reaccumulation of pleural effusion for at least 4 weeks was observed in four patients. No major side effects were observed. Total cell number elevated remarkably 4 h after instillation, and main increased population was that of neutrophils. Levels of chemotactic cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-8, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6, elevated in pleural effusion, and peak IL-1beta and IL-6 levels tended to be higher in clinical responders than non-responders. These results suggest MDP-Lys (L18) instilled by intrapleural route had a potential local immunomodulatory activity. Further study is warranted to further determine the critical factors which correlate with the clinical response.
Lung Cancer 2000 Feb
PMID:Intrapleural therapy with MDP-Lys (L18), a synthetic derivative of muramyl dipeptide, against malignant pleurisy associated with lung cancer. 1068 89

A 73-year-old male with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma presented with leg swelling and clubbing of the fingers on both hands upon physical examination, and bone scintigrams demonstrated marked accumulation of 99mTc-MDP in the long bones adjacent to the patellae. A diagnosis of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy associated with primary lung cancer was made. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) was utilized for cytoreduction, because the patient refused chemotherapy. One-month follow-up CT scans revealed low density of the ablated area associated with ablation necrosis. Cytoreduction by RFA rapidly alleviated the arthralgia and swelling, but not the clubbing of fingers. Follow-up bone scintigrams demonstrated a reduction in patellar uptake after RFA.
Lung Cancer 2002 Dec
PMID:Tumor debulking by radiofrequency ablation in hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy associated with pulmonary carcinoma. 1244 55

The current standard of practice for the detection of osseous metastatic disease is the conventional bone scan of the entire body using technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate (Tc-99m MDP). Although Tc-99m MDP scintigraphy is sensitive for the detection of advanced skeletal metastatic lesions, early involvement may be missed because this technique relies on the identification of the osteoblastic reaction of the involved bone rather than the detection the tumor itself. Positron emission tomography (PET) has proven to be the gold standard in metabolic imaging. Fluorine -18 deoxyglucose (FDG) provides a means of quantitating the glucose metabolism, with the amount of tracer accumulation reflecting the glucose metabolism: high-grade malignancies tend to have higher rates of glycolysis than do low-grade malignancies and benign lesions; therefore, high-grade malignancies have greater uptake of FDG than that of low-grade or benign lesions. Positron emission tomography has been shown to be superior to scintigraphy in the detection of metastases because it detects the presence of tumor directly by metabolic activity, rather than indirectly by showing tumor involvement due to increased bone mineral turnover. This has allowed the detection of metastatic foci earlier with PET than with bone scintigraphy. Although the spectrum of PET applications is unknown, it now is approved for the diagnosis, staging and restaging of many common malignancies and has shown efficacy for the detection of osseous metastasis from several malignancies including lung carcinoma, breast carcinoma, and lymphoma.
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PMID:Diagnosis of occult bone metastases: positron emission tomography. 1460 Jun 1


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