Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The feasibility of monitoring cisplatin chemotherapy by measuring platinum (Pt) concentrations in blood mononuclear cells was tested in six patients (four with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, one with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and one with lung carcinoma). Blood samples (20 to 40 mL) were collected at intervals from 6 min to 21 days after an iv infusion of cisplatin (80 or 100 mg per m2). Blood mononuclear cells were harvested on a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient, washed repeatedly, counted, and homogenized by sonication in 0.5 mL of saline solution. Pt was analyzed in duplicate 40 microL samples of plasma (N = 26) or cell homogenates (N = 23) by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry with Zeeman background correction. Immediately after the cisplatin infusion, plasma Pt concentrations averaged 2.6 (SD +/- 0.2) mg per L and mononuclear cell Pt concentrations averaged 2.5 +/- 0.5 ng per 10(6) cells. At 24 to 26 hr post-infusion, plasma Pt concentrations averaged 1.6 +/- 0.2 mg per L and mononuclear cell Pt concentrations averaged 2.3 +/- 0.6 ng per 10(6) cells. Plasma Pt disappearance followed two-compartment kinetics in all patients; the plasma Pt disappearance half-time (T1/2, mean +/- SD) was 148 +/- 41 hours. The Pt concentrations in blood mononuclear cells diminished gradually during the period of observation; the T1/2 could not be reliably determined, but was estimated to be longer than two weeks. This study shows that Pt can be measured in mononuclear cells of patients after cisplatin treatment and that Pt disappears more slowly from blood mononuclear cells than from plasma of these patients.
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PMID:Platinum in blood mononuclear cells from patients after cisplatin therapy. 207 87

Shedding of neoplastic cells into the circulation is an essential event for the hematogenous metastasis of solid tumors. Recently, several studies reported that a high frequency of cancer cells could be detected in the bloodstream during surgery. The intraoperative detection of hematogenous dissemination of cancer cells was able to identify a subset of patients with malignant diseases at high risk for postoperative metastasis and to predict a poor prognosis. In order to evaluate the association between intraoperative dissemination of cancer cells and postsurgical survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we developed a flow cytometric assay for specific detection of lung cancer cells in the blood. The monocyte-enriched population in the blood was separated by a modified Ficoll-Hypaque density centrifugation and then labeled with a combination of monoclonal antibodies specific for CD45, cytokeratin (CK) and two antigens expressed on lung cancer cells (2F7 and S5A). The assay could detect quantitatively lung cancer cells (defined as CD45(-1) CK(+) 2F7/S5A(+) cells), with the sensitivity limit of one cancer cell in 10(5) normal leukocytes. The specificity for lung cancer was 97%, which was calculated from the results of healthy subjects (20 cases) and patients affected with benign pulmonary diseases (26 cases) or esophageal cancer (14 cases). Blood samples of 31 NSCLC patients were collected from pulmonary vein during open thoracic surgery. Fifteen of them (48.4%) were found to have positive test results. The average cancer cell counts in these cases were 0.306 x 10(6)/l. Patients under 55 years of age had a significantly higher percentage of positive findings than those over 55 years of age (P < 0.05). The positive rate increased over the stages and lymph node status, but the differences were not statistically significant. Moreover, patients with squamous cell carcinoma at later stages (stages III and IV) had an increased frequency of positive test results than those at earlier stages (stages I and II, P < 0.05). In contrast, no such a difference was found in cases with adenocarcinoma. On the basis of 30-months follow-up date, the median survival time and 2-year survival rate for patients with positive and negative findings were 11 vs. 27 months, and 26.7 vs. 62.5%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between overall survival curves that favored the patients with negative test results (P = 0.023). Multivariate analysis indicated the stage of disease and the positive test results as two independent factors that affected survival time (P = 0.017 and 0.027). When a comparison was made within the patients at stages III and IV, the presence of cancer cells in blood was associated with a significantly shorter survival. These data indicate that the hematogenous dissemination of lung cancer cells during surgery would be one of the mechanisms of postoperative tumor metastasis. The detection of these cells may help to identify patients with poor prognosis.
Lung Cancer 2002 Sep
PMID:Hematogenous dissemination of lung cancer cells during surgery: quantitative detection by flow cytometry and prognostic significance. 1223 99