Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Out of 16 patients, spinal leptomeningeal neoplastic disease was diagnosed by MRI in 4 patients, myelography in 14 patients and CT myelography in 12 cases. MR was superior to myelography in 2 patients, in another 2 patients MRI was equally diagnostic. The cerebrospinal fluid of every patient contained malignant cells. Histological evidence for primary central nervous system tumors was found in 5 cases. In 10 cases, non-neuraxial malignancy consisted of small cell carcinoma of the lung (7 cases), and leukemia and lymphoma (3 patients). In 1 patient, primary leptomeningeal malignant melanoma was confirmed at autopsy. Preferential thoracolumbar neoplastic morphologic manifestation correlated with the presence of conus and cauda equina syndrome in 9 patients, low back pain, paresthesia and spinal root signs in 7 patients. False-negative interpretation of myelography in 2 patients with positive MR findings, and the impressive sensitivity of gadolinium Dota to improve visualization of subarachnoid spread, favor MRI as an alternative imaging technique in the assessment of patients with suspected intradural extramedullary malignancy.
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PMID:Spinal leptomeningeal neoplastic disease. Evaluation by MR, myelography and CT myelography. 131 84

A seventy-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of paresthesias and progressive weakness of the extremities. Ten months previously, tightness in the thighs and numbness in the fingers developed, with subsequent tingling sensations of the hands and feet. Three months before entry, she had difficulty in walking because of severe paresthesias in the extremities. She was found to have an abnormal mass in a X-ray film of the chest, and transferred to our hospital. Neurological examination showed generalized hyporeflexia, marked loss of deep and discriminative sensations in the distal portion of the limbs, positive Romberg sign and severely ataxic gait. Cerebellar sign was negative. Cytologic examination of a transbronchial lung biopsy disclosed small cell carcinoma of the lung. A sural nerve biopsy showed severe loss of myelinated fibers accompanied by axonal degeneration of residual fibers. Immunohistochemically antineuronal antibody was found in the serum but not in the CSF, which reacted to nuclei and cytoplasm of the dorsal root ganglion neurons as well as Purkinje cells. Titers of this autoantibody in the serum were markedly reduced after chemotherapy and irradiation. Western blot analysis demonstrated that autoantibody in the serum recognized neuronal antigen with single band at 38 kd. Pathogenesis of carcinomatous neuropathy is still unexplained, but the findings here presented have given rise to the speculation that antineuronal antibody may be a contributory factor in carcinomatous neuropathy.
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PMID:[Antineuronal antibody in carcinomatous neuropathy]. 256 Apr 16

Different schemes of prospidin administration to 54 patients were evaluated. Stage IV paresthesia or renal derangements are limitations of prospidin treatment due to its toxicity. Rheovasographic studies established that disorders in vascular tension are responsible for paresthesia development. The best results were obtained with the administration of 300-400 mg every other day for 2-3 weeks. Schemes of combined administration of prospidin and cyclophosphamide and bleomycin were worked out (58 cases). Therapeutic effect was recorded in the treatment of melanoma, carcinoma of the lip, tongue, nasopharynx, salivary gland and skin. Prospidin, cyclophosphamide and radiation therapy were successfully used in the management of small cell carcinoma of the lung.
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PMID:[Clinico-pharmacological study of prospidin]. 618 75

Among 137 patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL) treated on two consecutive protocols, leptomeningeal metastases were documented in 12 patients (9%), 10 antemortem by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology, one by myelogram, and one only at necropsy. Signs and symptoms included confusion in seven, limb weakness in six, paresthesias in three, headache in two, urinary incontinence in two, and nausea and vomiting, diplopia and neck pain in one patient each. Nine of the 12 patients had evidence of other metastases while three patients relapsed first in the CSF and one had disease only in the leptomeninges. Treatment for this complication including irradiation, intrathecal chemotherapy, or systemic chemotherapy was generally ineffective with a median duration of survival of 50 days (range 5 to 130) after diagnosis of leptomeningeal. Necropsies showed thick tumor deposits along cord, distal nerve roots, cauda equina, and in Virchow--Robbins spaces with deep invasion into adjacent neural substance in six of the seven. Leptomeningeal involvement appears to have become manifest as median survival has increased. CSF cytology should therefore be examined in patients who develop unusual neurological findings during the course of this disease and methods of prevention may need to be considered in future studies.
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PMID:Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in small cell carcinoma of the lung. 625 38

53 patients with advanced and measurable cancerr were treated with vindesine in doses of 3 mg/m2 (pretreated) and 4 mg/m2 (non pretreated) i.v. once weekly. 48 patients are evaluable for response: of 14 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, 1 partial remission (PR), 1 minor response (MR) and 1 no change (NC) were observed. In 5 patients with large cell carcinoma of the lung: 1 NC. In 3 with adenocarcinoma of the lung: 1 MR. One patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma had progressive disease. Stable disease was observed in a patient with carcinoma of the tongue and in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Four patients with colorectal carcinoma had progressive disease. One MR was observed in a patient with breast cancer, while all of the other 3 patients had progressive disease. One carcinoma of the penis was stable. One MR was observed in a patient with Hodgkin's disease. One PR was observed in a case with no-Hodgkin's lymphoma. A patient with acute leukemia had progressive disease. Among 9 patients with malignant melanoma, 3 had an MR and 1 patient had stable disease. A patient with fibrosarcoma had progressive disease. Observed toxicity included leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, paresthesias, constipation, jaw pain, nausea, stomatitis, alopecia, loss of taste, pruritus and skin rash, weakness and fatigue.
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PMID:[Phase-II-study with vindesine (desacetyl-vinblastine-amide-sulfate) in advanced malignant diseases]. 742 51

62-year old man who had small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) with subacute sensory neuropathy had an antibody (IgM) recognizing the antigen on peripheral nerves. The antibody in the serum recognized cell surface antigen on small cell carcinoma cell lines and also reacted with peripheral nerves simultaneously, but not with central nervous system. Two months before admission, he felt difficulty in walking because of paresthesias in the extremities. He was found to have a tumor shadow in chest X-ray, and was diagnosed as SCLC by biopsy of right supraclavicular lymph node. Western blot analysis demonstrated that auto-antibody (IgM) in the serum recognizing the antigen on the neuronal axon with single band at 29 kD. Pathogenesis of carcinomatous neuropathy is still unexplained, but the findings presented here have given rise to the possibility that anti-SCLC antibody may cross-react with neuronal antigen, primarily resulting in neuronal disorder.
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PMID:[Antibodies of IgM type against small cell lung carcinoma and 29 kD neuronal antigen of rat in a patient with paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy]. 755 60

Gallium nitrate is a group IIIa metal that was found to be active in animal species. Gallium nitrate exerts its antitumor effects via a transferrin binding mechanism. This agent is of interest in small cell lung cancer since 26 of 27 small cell carcinoma cell lines tested had increased levels of transferrin receptors. In a phase I study using a continuous infusion, the dose limiting toxicity was nausea when gallium nitrate was given at doses of 400 mg/m2/day. Other effects included elevations of serum creatinine, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, decreased hearing and paresthesias. Activity has been seen in pretreated patients with malignant lymphoma, bladder carcinoma and small numbers of patients with small cell lung carcinoma. To determine the activity of continuous infusion gallium nitrate, this phase II trial was undertaken in patients with small cell lung cancer previously treated with chemotherapy.
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PMID:Phase II trial of gallium nitrate in previously treated patients with small cell lung cancer. 839 97

We tested paclitaxel (Taxol) and low dose hydroxyurea as second line therapy in 30 patients with non-small cell lung cancer since both drugs are active against non-small cell lung cancer in other settings, and since hydroxyurea may reverse chemotherapy resistance by disrupting double minute chromosomes. Hydroxyurea 500 mg was given orally each Monday, Wednesday, Friday starting 1 week before paclitaxel, and continuing until removal from study. Paclitaxel 135 mg/m2 was given i.v. over > or = 1 h every 3 weeks with dexamethasone, diphenhydramine, and ranitidine. Patients could have paclitaxel doses escalated to 175 mg/m2 in course 2 and to 200 mg/m2 in course 3, where tolerated. Sixteen males and 14 females were treated. All patients had previously received a single cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimen and 23 had previously received radiotherapy. Twelve patients had adenocarcinomas, six had squamous cell carcinomas, and 12 had large cell carcinomas. Eight patients had Stage IIIb cancers and 22 had Stage IV. Paclitaxel doses were 135 mg/m2 in 56 courses, 175 mg/m2 in 24, and 200 mg/m2 in 15. Treatment was well tolerated. Median granulocyte nadirs were 2.5 (x 10(9)/l) for paclitaxel 135 mg/m2, 1.8 for 175 mg/m2, and 1.3 for 200 mg/m2. No patient developed febrile neutropenia, and none required a dose reduction. Two patients had reversible anaphylaxis. Other toxicities were quite tolerable. They included fatigue, myalgias, dizziness, paresthesias, diarrhea, alopecia, mucositis, flushing, headache, swollen red hands, and anxiety. One patient had a partial remission and 15 had stable disease (including six with minor responses). Median survival was 20 (95% CI, 12-34) weeks, with 19% of patients remaining alive at 1 year from initiation of treatment. This is a well-tolerated regimen with modest activity as second line chemotherapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer previously treated with cisplatin regimens. Higher doses would be feasible and other strategies are now being explored.
Lung Cancer 1996 Aug
PMID:Paclitaxel plus hydroxyurea as second line therapy for non-small cell lung cancer. 886 29

A 53-year-old man presented with an 8-week history of upper and lower limb paraesthesia. Neurological examination revealed a glove and stocking distribution of sensory loss. Sural nerve biopsy showed severe axonal neuropathy associated with microvasculitis. Positron-emission tomography and thoracic computed tomography helped in localising the underlying malignancy. A transbronchial biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Neuroimmunological studies identified anti-Hu antibodies and confirmed a paraneoplastic aetiology for his neuropathy. Treatment of small cell lung cancer with carboplatin and etoposide resulted in significant improvement of neurological symptoms. We report a case of a patient with SCLC and anti-Hu paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy with microvasculitis, and discuss the literature on prognosis of patients with SCLC with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes compared with patients with SCLC only.
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PMID:Small cell lung cancer associated with anti-Hu paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy and peripheral nerve microvasculitis: case report and literature review. 1476 59

A 27-year-old female presented with gait disturbance and left facial paresthesia. She had a history of breast and lung masses not yet identified. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a tumor suggesting a petroclival meningioma. Her symptoms worsened rapidly. MR imaging showed enlargement of the tumor. Subtotal removal of the tumor was performed. Histological examination revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma. Examination of the other masses confirmed adenocarcinoma originating from lung carcinoma. Dural metastases can be difficult to preoperatively differentiate from meningioma clinically or radiographically. MR spectroscopy and laboratory examinations such as cytologic and serologic studies are valuable for differential diagnosis. The final diagnosis of the tumor depends on the histological findings. However, careful monitoring of the patient's course is very important to detect rapid growth of metastases.
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PMID:Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the dura mimicking petroclival meningioma--case report. 1525 48


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