Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Basaloid carcinoma of the lung is a rarely occurring form of lung cancer morphologically resembling the basal cell carcinoma of the skin. Although various histologic types of lung cancers have metastasized to the skin, basaloid carcinoma of the lung that shows cutaneous metastasis has yet to be reported. A 48-year-old man was admitted to our pulmonology department with mild dyspnea and a solitary cutaneous mass on the left portion of his chin. Chest radiography and computed tomography of the thorax revealed an irregular infiltrative mass confined to the central portion of the left lower lobe bronchus, which is a compatible finding of primary lung cancer. Microscopically, both a cutaneous mass and fine-needle aspirate material in the lung revealed the identical findings of basaloid morphologic patterns.
 ...
PMID:Basaloid carcinoma of the lung presenting concurrently with cutaneous metastasis. 1296 23

Gefitinib is a newly developed molecular-target drug with selective inhibitory activity for tyrosine kinase of the epidermal growth factor receptor and has an encouraging effect on non-small cell lung cancer in an advanced stage. The adverse drug reactions including diarrhea, skin eruptions and liver dysfunction have been considered mild. However, cases of severe acute lung injuries were reported after approval of the drug in Japan in July, 2002. We report a case of recurrent large cell carcinoma of the lung in a 73-year-old man who suffered from radiation recall pneumonitis induced by Gefitinib. Two months after radiation therapy to the mediastinal and right hilar lesions was completed, he started to take Gefitinib at a dose of 250 mg/day. Six weeks later, he complained acutely of a dry cough, slight fever and effort dyspnea, and his chest CT demonstrated ground-glass opacity corresponding to the previous radiation field. In administering Gefitinib, as well as other cytotoxic drugs, meticulous monitoring for acute lung injury and radiation recall reaction is required.
 ...
PMID:[Radiation recall pneumonitis induced by Gefitinib (Iressa): a case report]. 1450 45

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is highly chemosensitive but up to 70% of patients with limited disease and more than 90% of patients with extensive disease will relapse after first-line treatment. There are several standard chemotherapy regimens used for second-line treatment yet the prognosis for patients requiring this treatment remains poor. The topoisomerase-I inhibitor, topotecan, has achieved response rates of up to 22% in previously treated patients with SCLC and survival almost double that achieved with other single agents. Compared with cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/vincristine (CAV), single-agent topotecan achieved a higher response rate, longer survival and statistically significant improvements in dyspnea, hoarseness, fatigue, anorexia and interference with daily activities. Brain metastases are common in SCLC. Topotecan crosses the blood-brain barrier and shows promise for the management of brain metastases.
Lung Cancer 2003 Aug
PMID:The role of topotecan in treating small cell lung cancer: second-line treatment. 1456 8

Gemcitabine (2'-2'-difluorodeoxycytidine) is a recently developed pyrimidine antagonist that is structurally related to cytarabine (ara-C). When phosphorylated intracellularly, gemcitabine inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and arrests cell cycling in the S phase. Paclitaxel is a potent promoter and stabilizer of microtubule spindle formation and an inhibitor of cell cycling. In this report, we discuss 2 patients with advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with a combination of gemcitabine/paclitaxel who developed pulmonary symptoms of dyspnea and cough. Chest radiographs and computed tomography revealed diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. Bronchoscopic evaluation revealed diffuse alveolar damage with associated type II pneumocyte hyperplasia without evidence of infection or metastatic carcinoma, suggesting the development of a drug-induced pulmonary toxicity. Both cases improved with the discontinuation of gemcitabine/paclitaxel and with supportive care including steroids in one of the patients. We also review the published case reports of pneumonitis believed to be secondary to the taxanes or gemcitabine when used as single agents and a solitary case report describing pneumonitis in the setting of both a taxane and gemcitabine. Because the combination of gemcitabine/paclitaxel has demonstrated activity in NSCLC, the use of this combination is likely to increase. Clinicians caring for lung cancer patients receiving this combination should be aware of this potential pulmonary toxicity.
Clin Lung Cancer 2002 Jul
PMID:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients receiving gemcitabine and paclitaxel: report of two cases and a review of the literature. 1465 77

Patients with advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) have poor prognoses and experience negative sequelae of disease. Patients often suffer from dyspnea and/or hemoptysis, with overall pulmonary compromise. Patients with advanced, inoperable disease have limited options for treatment. This study summarizes our early experience and findings using photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an effective modality in the palliation of hemoptysis, dyspnea, and physical airway obstruction in cases of inoperable lung cancer. A retrospective review was conducted for the first 10 patients diagnosed with stage III/IV obstructive NSCLC who underwent PDT at our institution. Endobronchial lesions were identified by bronchoscopy. Treatments were initiated 48 hours after intravenous injection of 2 mg/kg of the photosensitizing agent porfimer sodium (Photofrin, QLT PhotoTherapeutics, Vancouver, BC). The porfimer sodium was then activated by illumination with a 630 nm wavelength light using a Coherent argon ion laser through a flexible bronchoscope. Repeated bronchoscopies were performed 1-3 days following initial PDT for evaluation and airway debridement. In 8 cases, a second treatment of PDT was administered within 72 hours of the first injection. One patient received a third treatment several months later. Three patients also received endobronchial stents after PDT. Overall, all 10 patients responded to PDT. Physical airway obstruction was reduced in all patients, with a noted improvement in bronchoscopic luminal diameter. Acute hemoptysis resolved in all 7 symptomatic patients. Median survival was 5.5 months post-PDT, while median survival postdiagnosis was 10.5 months. Three patients are alive at the time of this review at 5-21 months following therapy. Patients with unresectable late-stage NSCLC have few options for treatment. Our early experience with PDT indicates effective relief of hemoptysis, dyspnea, and airway obstruction and improves their quality of life.
Clin Lung Cancer 2001 Aug
PMID:Photodynamic therapy for patients with advanced non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung. 1465 88

Previous phase I, II, and III studies on high-dose epirubicin (HDEPI), alone or in combination with cisplatin (CP), indicate an interesting activity of this drug in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the toxicological profile of HDEPI limits its prolonged use. In our experience, vinorelbine (VNR) seems to be a suitable drug for long-term monotherapy for advanced NSCLC. On these grounds, advanced NSCLC patients were treated with the following strategy: 3 consecutive cycles of CP 60 mg/m2 and HDEPI 120 mg/m2 on day 1, every 3 weeks; then, irrespective of response, weekly VNR at a dose of 25 mg/m2 was administered at home. From December 1996 to March 1998, 25 patients entered the study. After receiving 3 cycles of CP/HDEPI, 8 patients (32%) had a partial response and 3 (12%) had a minor response. Nine patients had stable disease (36%) and 4 (16%) had progressive disease. Twenty-three patients received weekly VNR, and the median number of administrations was 10 (range, 1-38). After VNR treatment, we observed a partial response in 2 patients who previously had stable disease. Therefore, the overall response rate to sequential treatment was 40%; median time to progression was 7 months (range, 2-26 months). The major toxicities due to the CP/HDEPI regimen were neutropenia (72%) and alopecia (80%). During the VNR treatment, grade 3/4 neutropenia was seen in 36% of patients. The doses and the timing of VNR administrations were modified according to toxicity. Symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, and pain, present in 21 patients before the treatment, improved in 11 cases (52%). Median overall survival is 9 months (range, 3-40+ months); one patient is still alive after 40 months. One- and 2-year survival rates are, respectively, 44% and 16%. This study confirms the activity of CP/HDEPI in NSCLC and indicates that the sequential treatment of CP/HDEPI for 3 cycles followed by weekly VNR could be considered an effective strategy for locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC.
Clin Lung Cancer 2001 Aug
PMID:Phase II study of sequential treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: three cycles of high-dose epirubicin plus cisplatin followed by weekly vinorelbine. 1465 90

A 68-year-old Japanese male with a five-year-history of lung carcinoma showed recurrent blisters and erosions on the oral and genital mucosae and the skin. The patient complained of dyspnea due to severe laryngeal stenosis and underwent a tracheostomy. A skin biopsy specimen showed a subepidermal blister and linear deposits of IgG and C3 at the basement membrane zone of the epidermis. Indirect immunofluorescence examination demonstrated circulating IgG anti-basement membrane zone autoantibodies that reacted to epiligrin on immunoblotting. Based on a diagnosis of anti-epiligrin cicatricial pemphigoid, he was treated with prednisolone, minocycline hydrochloride and nicotinamide. Although no new skin lesions appeared, he died of lung carcinoma five months after the tracheostomy. A review of reported cases with anti-epiligrin cicatricial pemphigoid in Japan disclosed that 5 of 16 cases (31.2%) were complicated by internal malignancies.
 ...
PMID:A case of anti-epiligrin cicatricial pemphigoid associated with lung carcinoma and severe laryngeal stenosis: review of Japanese cases and evaluation of risk for internal malignancy. 1473 97

The German Lung Cancer Cooperative Group (GLCCG) is assessing the impact of chemoradiation in addition to chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant treatment of stage III NSCLC. After three cycles of cisplatin/etoposide patients receive either hyperfractionated radiotherapy (RT) with concurrent carboplatin/vindesine and then surgery (arm A) versus surgery and then conventional RT (arm B). Quality of life (QL) was assessed throughout therapy using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-LC 13. Of 126 eligible patients, 54 completed treatment. For patients in both treatment arms physical functioning decreased, whereas dyspnoea, fatigue and pain increased from beginning to the end of treatment. For self-assessed QL no statistically significant effect was found in or between the two treatment arms. The combined modality approach with preoperative radio/chemotherapy proves to be feasible in treating locally advanced NSCLC patients without decreasing their subjective QL.
Lung Cancer 2004 Apr
PMID:Combined modality treatment for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: preoperative chemoradiation does not result in a poorer quality of life. 1501 87

The purpose of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the Taiwan Chinese translation of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30, version 3) and Quality of Life Questionnaire Lung Cancer-13 (QLQ-LC13) questionnaires. Consecutively 51 patients with lung cancer undergoing active chemotherapy and 48 such patients undergoing regular follow-up completed the questionnaires. The intraclass correlation between test and retest ranged from 0.46 to 0.85 for the QLQ-C30 and was 0.76 for dyspnea for the QLQ-LC13. The kappa coefficients between test and retest ranged from 0.51 to 0.73 for single items of the QLQ-C30 and 0.49-0.68 for five of the nine items in the QLQ-LC13. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were > or = 0.70 for all scales of the two questionnaires apart from that of cognitive functioning. The correlation coefficients between indices measuring similar dimensions of the EORTC QLQ-C30 and the SF-36 questionnaires ranged from 0.43 to 0.73, and that between the dyspnea scales of the two EORTC questionnaires was 0.70. Patients in the follow-up group revealed higher scores of global status/quality of life, and lower scores of nausea/vomiting, as also physical functioning. The questionnaires could also detect expected adverse effects of radiotherapy, cisplatin, and paclitaxel.
 ...
PMID:Quality of life of lung cancer patients: validation of the Taiwan Chinese version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-LC13. 1505 6

Lung carcinoma is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in the world, with the incidence increasing through the 20th century. Presentation may be as a tumor mass primarily obstructing the central bronchial lumen, or a mass infiltrating lung tissue. Cryosurgery can be used as a method of palliative treatment for both these endobronchial and extrabronchial presentations. The aim of this study is two-fold: to present data relating to our extensive experience in treating obstructing endobronchial tumors and to present our initial results of direct cryosurgery to infiltrating lung tumor masses. During a nine-year period, 521 consecutive patients (male:female ratio 1.8:1) with a mean age of 67.9 years who had advanced obstructive tracheobronchial malignant tumors underwent cryosurgery with a mean of 2.4 treatments per patient. Hemoptysis, cough, dyspnoea and chest pain improved by at least one class in 76.4%, 69.0%, 59.25% and 42.6% (p<0.01) of symptomatic patients respectively. Quality of life studies showed that the mean Karnofsky score improved from 60 +/- 7 to 75 +/- 8 and the mean WHO score from 3.04 +/- 0.7 to 2.20 +/- 0.56. There were 7 (1.2%) in-hospital deaths, and 2-year survival was 15.9%. Direct cryosurgery to carcinoma of the lung was performed on 15 patients at exploratory thoracotomy. Results showed an increase in FEV1 from 1.80 +/- 0.6 liters to 1.95 +/- 0.8 (8.3%) liters and in FVC from 2.50 +/- 0.8 to 2.68 +/- 0.8 liters (7.2%). The Karnofsky score improved from 68 +/- 9 to 78 +/- 10 and the WHO score from 2.63 +/- 0.81 to 2.38 +/- 0.78 (9.6%). Major symptoms including cough, dyspnoea, and hemoptysis were assessed and showed improvement in 77.8%, 66.7%, and 100% (p<0.01) of symptomatic patients respectively. Patients were followed for a mean period of 18 months (range 4-84 months). Median survival from the date of surgery (Kaplan-Meier, 95%Cl) was 11.6 (6.8 to 18.2) months, range 1 to 84 months. Cryosurgery provides a safe and effective method for the palliation of advanced central bronchial obstructive tumors, and compares favorably with other methods in terms of safety, cost, and complications. Initial experience suggests that similar palliation may be achieved by cryosurgery applied to advanced parenchymal tumor masses.
 ...
PMID:Cryosurgery for lung cancer: clinical results and technical aspects. 1505 20


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>