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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The lymphoid-specific protein tyrosine kinase, p56lck which is essential for both T cell development and function, is aberrantly expressed in colon and small lung carcinoma lines. In this paper, we demonstrate p56lck is also expressed in colon tumour biopsies due predominantly or exclusively to the use of the lck type I promoter. In T leukaemia lines, the lck type I promoter requires binding sites for both Ets- and Myb-related transcription factors. In contrast, in colon tumour lines the activation of the lck type I promoter requires the Ets but not the Myb binding site. In these lines, a consensus binding site for HMG-related transcription factors, AACAAAG, is required for efficient lck type I promoter activity. Sox-4 is a candidate transcription factor for binding and activating the lck type l promoter in colon carcinoma cells. Co-expression of Ets-1 and Sox-4, but neither protein alone, was sufficient to activate the lck type l promoter in HeLa cells which do not normally express lck transcripts. These results suggest that aberrant expression of p56lck from the lck type l promoter in colon carcinoma arises from transcriptional activation mediated by Ets- and HMG-related transcription factors.
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PMID:An alternative pathway for expression of p56lck from type I promoter transcripts in colon carcinoma. 941 36

Immunohistochemical studies using epithelial markers have recently been published which identified micrometastases in lymph nodes that had not been found on routine pathological assessment, therefore increasing the accuracy of staging of non-small cell lung cancers. The presence of these micrometastases was associated with reduced survival. We have therefore performed a retrospective immunohistochemical study on all the lymphoid tissue from five lymph node stations (2 hilar, 3 mediastinal) from 49 patients with T1-2, N0 disease. Before immunohistochemistry was undertaken, all slides were reviewed, with the lymph nodes confirmed as negative. In total, 1447 lymph node slices (average 30 per case, 5.9 per lymph node station) were examined, these figures reflecting sectioning of lymph nodes at approximately 3 mm intervals before processing. MNF116, a broad spectrum anti-keratin antibody was then used to look for occult metastases, with adjacent serial sections being examined to ensure that any positively staining cells were detected solely by immunohistochemistry and not through deeper sectioning. In five cases, lymph nodes contained positively staining cells. Two cases proved to be false positives, further immunohistochemistry identifying the cells as benign mesothelial inclusions. In the remaining three cases, positive staining correlated with tumour cells in the adjacent serial sections. Follow-up on 46 of 49 patients revealed recurrence in 27% (actual survival 68%); however all three cases containing tumour cells on immunohistochemistry were free from recurrence. These results suggest that the use of immunohistochemistry adds little useful information above that of thorough routine examination of lymph nodes. They also document that benign mesothelial inclusions within lymph nodes are more frequent than previously reported.
Lung Cancer 1997 Nov
PMID:Does the use of immunohistochemistry to identify micrometastases provide useful information in the staging of node-negative non-small cell lung carcinomas? 944 48

In several studies certain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been shown to be selectively tumouricidal or suppressive of tumour cell proliferation. The mechanism behind this phenomenon likely involves peroxidation of the PUFA and generation of free radicals to which tumour cells seem to be more sensitive than normal cells. In this report we have measured the total lipid content in separated lymphoid cells and several tumour cell lines, among which, T-cell leukaemia, monocytic leukaemia, melanoma, fibrosarcoma, lung carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma are included. Generally these tumour cell lines contain only one half to one third of the relative amount of arachidonic acid (AA) as compared to freshly prepared lymphocytes and monocytes or lymphocytes kept in culture. Furthermore, when we measured the beta-oxidation in long term incubation of [1-14C] AA and compared it with that of [1-14C] palmitic acid we found that several of the tumour cell lines showed a preference for AA over palmitic acid in the tumour cell lines whereas the opposite was observed for normal lymphoid cells.
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PMID:Lower arachidonic acid content and preferential beta-oxidation of arachidonic acid over palmitic acid in tumour cell lines as compared to normal lymphoid cells. 976 8

It has recently been shown that the infusion of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) in patients operated on for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), has significant effects in terms of the survival time and control of local relapses. Despite the evident clinical effects, the treatment is unavailable for patients in which TIL have lost their proliferative potential. In an attempt to identify new sources of effector cells using mixed lymphocyte/tumor cultures (MLTC), populations of peripheral blood (PB) lymphoid cells, which have the capability of lysing autologous NSCLC, were studied at the clonal level. Specific cytolytic lymphocytes were detected at very low frequencies in two out of four patients, whereas non-MHC restricted cytolytic T cells were frequently detected. Cytolytic CD4+ belonged to the Th0 or Th2 subsets and were characterized by cytokine secretion patterns suggestive of a lymphokine cascade that could be involved in cancer control. The identification of different efficient effector mechanisms at the clonal level strongly supports the use of in vitro activated lymphocytes, derived from PB, in protocols of adoptive immunotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC in which TIL are unavailable.
Lung Cancer 1998 Jul
PMID:Limiting dilution analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes reacting with non-small-cell lung cancer: functionally heterogeneous effectors efficiently lyse autologous cancer cells. 979 51

To facilitate tumor colonization by adoptively transferred cells of the immune system, we created a chimeric cell adhesion molecule that mediates tumor-specific homing by binding to the integrin alpha(v)beta3 on angiogenic endothelial cells. A high-affinity cell adhesion molecule for integrin alpha(v)beta3 was generated by fusing the disintegrin kistrin to the transmembrane adhesion molecule CD31/PECAM-1. This chimeric cell adhesion molecule, termed KISS31, mediates adhesion of lymphoid cells to soluble recombinant integrin alpha(v)beta3 and to endotheliomal monolayers in vitro. KISS31-expressing lymphoid cells accumulate in angiogenic tumors in two in vivo models, in B16/129 melanoma xenografts on the chick chorioallantois and in s.c. growing Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. Our data indicate that expression of KISS31 on lymphoid cells confers tumor-specific homing. This is, to our knowledge, the first example of an experimental mechanism that targets living cells to tumors by redirecting their homing pattern.
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PMID:A chimeric cell adhesion molecule mediates homing of lymphocytes to vascularized tumors. 1053 6

The prognostic significance of immune cell infiltrates in surgically resected human lung cancer was investigated in 710 patients. Lymphoid infiltrates were quantified on both standard H&E stained sections and, in a subset of 95 cases, using immunohistochemistry and antibodies to CD3, CD8, CD57, CD68, CD79a and S100 to identify various immune cell types. Subjective grading (low, moderate, high) of lymphoid cell infiltrates on H&E sections of tumour and measurement, using image analysis, of overall level of tumour infiltration by any of the immunohistochemically labelled specific immune cell types of the stained sections showed no prognostic significance. However, when a distinction between peritumoural and intratumoural infiltration by particular cell types was made, intratumoural infiltration by high levels of CD3+ and S100+ cells was associated with longer post-operative survival (P = 0.02 and P = 0.045, respectively). In lung cancer, subjective assessment of tumour lymphoid infiltration and overall levels of infiltration by particular immune cell types carries no prognostic significance. Intratumoural infiltration by relatively high numbers of CD3+ T-lymphocytes and Langerhans cells (S100+) is associated with a better patient outcome.
Lung Cancer 2000 Jan
PMID:Immune cell infiltrates and prognosis in primary carcinoma of the lung. 1067 81

Lymphoepithelioma is an undifferentiated carcinoma with prominent lymphoid stroma in the nasopharynx. Tumors with similar histology have been reported with other localizations, including the lungs, and are designated as lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas (LELC). Primary LELC of the lung is very rare, and scant information is available in the scientific literature. This paper details the case of a 25-year-old Caucasian male patient with the diagnosis (determined by thoracotomy) of primary LELC of the lung. Immunohistochemical analysis was negative for Epstein-Barr virus, as was the in situ hybridization of the tumor cells. Observation of the nasopharynx and a magnetic resonance image of the cavum were normal. Because the tumor (T4N2M0) could not be resected, the patient was treated with chemotherapy, carboplatin/5-fluorouracil, completing two cycles. The patient's condition worsened when he developed contralateral pneumonia, which was then followed by pericardial effusion. The patient died 36 h later from cardiac tamponade. Presented here is a revision of this rare pathology, not often reported in the literature.
Lung Cancer 2000 Apr
PMID:Primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. 1070 12

CDw60 is a recently described T-cell antigen, which functionally delivers a costimulatory signal in T-cell activation. In addition, CDw60 has been regarded as a melanoma-associated antigen. To date, only limited information exists on the distribution of CDw60 in other normal and pathologically altered tissues in human. In the present study, the expression of CDw60 was analysed immunohistologically in a large panel of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded normal and pathological human tissues. The antigen was detected in several normal tissues, such as epithelia of the reproductive system, exocrine and endocrine glands, glial cells and neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems, and lymphoid cells. These showed different subcellular distribution patterns, i.e. (1) cell surface labelling of peripheral lymphocytes and lymphocytes of the lymph node and thymus, (2) diffuse cytosolic staining in lymphocytes, subpial glial processes, and the outer plexiform layer of the retina, (3) granular cytoplasmic staining associated with the Golgi apparatus in epithelial cells of certain endocrine and exocrine glands, of the ductus epididymis and deferens, neurons of the peripheral and central nervous system, and lymphocytes and megakaryocytes of the bone marrow. In exocrine glands, e.g. of the prostate and uterine corpus, CDw60-positive Golgi fields were located in the juxtaluminal cell compartment, thus reflecting a polarized distribution. In some malignant tumours, the neoplastic cells contained CDw60-immunolabelled Golgi complexes, which were disorderly distributed throughout the cytoplasm, thus reflecting a loss of epithelial polarity. Only in mammary carcinomas was abnormal cell surface labelling detected. A putative de novo expression of CDw60 was observed in pleomorphic adenoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland, seminoma, embryonal and teratocarcinoma of the testis, small cell carcinoma of the lung, and malignant melanoma. These results define the CDw60 determinant as a broadly distributed antigen within a large panel of normal human tissues. The antigen is also detectable in some previously undescribed benign and malignant tumours, which may give importance to CDw60 as a possible diagnostic marker.
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PMID:CDw60: an antigen expressed in many normal tissues and in some tumours. 1098 8

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive tumor usually associated with asbestos exposure. Although it can remain stable for prolonged periods, it has not been described to spontaneously regress. MM tumors are thought to be immunogenic based both on animal studies and on the good responses in some humans treated with immunotherapy. Here we present a case of pleural MM in which a transient spontaneous regression was associated with tumor tissue infiltration with mononuclear cells and serological evidence of anti-MM reactivity. The patient's tumor eventually progressed and with this progression there was evidence of loss of serological reactivity to some, but not all, of her MM antigens. The patient survived for 20 months and, in contrast to her initial biopsy, no significant lymphoid infiltrate was detected in her MM tissue at post mortem examination.
Lung Cancer 2001 May
PMID:Localised spontaneous regression in mesothelioma -- possible immunological mechanism. 1132 91

There is very limited knowledge about the antibody response against tumor-expressed antigens in lung cancer. To arrive at a more complete picture of lung cancer antigens, we generated 2 cDNA libraries from squamous cell lung carcinoma and isolated 15 immunogenic antigens using autologous sera. Among the antigens most frequently identified were the lymphoid blast crisis oncogene (LBC), an unknown hypothetical protein and the p53-binding protein (TP53 BP), which have already been associated with tumor development. Of the immunogenic antigens, 6 map to chromosomes that are frequently altered in squamous cell lung carcinoma. SEREX database analysis showed that 7 of the identified immunogenic antigens have been associated with the humoral immune response in other human tumors. Screening with heterologous sera of patients with lung carcinoma identified 4 antigens, including human protein kinase C and TP53 BP, which have also been found by autologous screening. Only 1 of the 15 identified antigens reacted with any of the 36 control sera, which were taken from individuals without known disease. Sera from adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma of the lung were not reactive for the antigens. In summary, using 2 newly established cDNA libraries, we isolated 15 novel antigens, which were subsequently evaluated for the frequency of their corresponding antibodies in autologous, normal and heterologous sera; their chromosomal localization; and their correlation with survival after surgery.
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PMID:Toward a more complete recognition of immunoreactive antigens in squamous cell lung carcinoma. 1240 7


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