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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung is reported in a Chinese patient with serologic evidence of previous Epstein-Barr (EBV) infection. EBV genomes were detected in the tumor using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH) from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. The use of both techniques afforded the exquisite sensitivity of PCR to detect a few copies of EBV DNA with the ability of ISH to precisely localize EBV to the carcinoma, but not to the lymphoid stroma. These findings support a potential oncogenic relationship between EBV and lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung.
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PMID:Detection of Epstein-Barr virus in lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. 164 59

The gamma-subunit of 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydrolyase, E.C. 4.2.1.11 (enolase), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), is present at high concentrations in neurons and neuroendocrine cells and has therefore recently been introduced as a marker for neuroendocrine tumors. By the indirect methods, immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay, NSE has been detected also in some nonneuroendocrine tumors, a finding that could reflect technical artifacts or the capacity for NSE expression in nonneuroendocrine tumor cells. This paper reports on the expression of NSE in human neuroendocrine and nonneuroendocrine tumor specimens and in a panel of permanent human cell lines, by using a direct (enzymatic) and an indirect (radioimmunoassay) method for determination of NSE. We detected NSE in all tested tumor specimens and neuroendocrine tumor cell lines and in a majority (21 of 24) of the nonneuroendocrine tumor cell lines. In general, neuroendocrine tumor specimens and derived tumor cell lines contained more NSE than the nonneuroendocrine tumor specimens and cell lines. However, some of the cultured hematopoietic cell lines (T leukemia and Epstein-Barr virus immortalized B lymphoblastoid cell lines) had NSE levels comparable to those found in some neuroblastoma and small-cell lung carcinoma cell lines. We conclude that NSE is not exclusively expressed in neuroendocrine tumor cells.
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PMID:Expression of gamma-subunit of enolase, neuron-specific enolase, in human non-neuroendocrine tumors and derived cell lines. 300 68

We have demonstrated that anti-CD40 antibody stimulates the heterotypic adhesion of B cells to endothelial cells. This has been shown by using normal B lymphocytes and B-cell lines in a quantitative adhesion assay. When B cells, B-cell lines and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B cells from a patient with leucocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) were stimulated with anti-CD40 antibody, they were found to adhere to both untreated and interleukin-1 (IL-1)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), and to the lung carcinoma line A549. To identify the adhesion receptors responsible for this anti-CD40-induced adhesion, cells were pretreated with blocking antibodies prior to assay. Our results indicate that anti-CD40-stimulated adhesion of tonsillar B cells, B-cell lines RPMI-8866, JY, and an EBV-transformed LAD-cell line were predominantly dependent on the very late antigen-4 (VLA-4)-vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) interaction. Anti-CD40-induced adhesion appears to be dependent on the activation of protein tyrosine kinase and protein kinase C and on the presence of divalent cations.
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PMID:Anti-CD40 antibody stimulates the VLA-4-dependent adhesion of normal and LFA-1-deficient B cells to endothelium. 769 27

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma is a non-nasopharyngeal undifferentiated carcinoma with prominent lymphoid infiltration. Ten cases arising in the lung have been reported so far; seven cases were diagnosed in Orientals, with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome demonstrated in neoplastic cells by in situ hybridization; the remaining three cases affected Caucasian patients and showed no evidence of hybridized viral genome. The present study describes two additional cases of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung in Caucasians, with reference to the differential diagnosis versus other thoracomediastinal malignancies. The neoplastic nuclei, blast-like in appearance, together with the immunohistochemical profile of the neoplastic cells (positivity for cytokeratins, and negativity for CD antigens, S100 protein, placental alkaline phosphatase, and neuroendocrine markers) represent the basic pathologic features of a lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma and allow its recognition even on small bioptic fragments, in which the typical biphasic, Regaud-like morphology might be inapparent. In accordance with the previously reported cases of pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma in Caucasian patients, the present study found no evidence of the Epstein-Barr virus genome in neoplastic cells with in situ hybridization.
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PMID:Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. Two cases diagnosed in Caucasian patients. 777 19

The retinoblastoma (RB) gene is the prototype tumor suppressor gene. It encodes a nuclear protein that acts as a cell cycle control checkpoint at the G1 phase. Deletion or inactivation of both RB alleles plays an essential, rate-limiting role in retinoblastoma and in the osteosarcomas that arise within families that carry a mutated RB gene. RB inactivation is also found in other sarcomas, small cell carcinoma of the lung, and in carcinoma of the breast, bladder, and prostate. Transforming proteins encoded by SV40, and the transforming or tumor-associated subtypes of adenoviruses and human papilloma viruses (HPV) can bind RB, thereby blocking its normal function. The EBNA-5 protein of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is also able to bind RB in vitro. In addition, RB can interact with several cellular proteins, including the transcription factor E2F. RB gene knock-out mice die in utero around day 14 of gestation. The embryos show disturbed neural and hematopoietic differentiation, indicating that RB is vitally important for these processes. This notion is further supported by studies demonstrating that RB expression in mouse embryo tissues is highest in cells undergoing differentiation, and that RB is required for MyoD-induced muscle differentiation.
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PMID:The retinoblastoma gene: role in cell cycle control and cell differentiation. 839 17

We previously have reported on an experimental athymic mouse model in which regression of human Burkitt's lymphoma is induced by either coinjection with or intratumor inoculation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-immortalized human B cells. In the current study, we were interested in determining whether the powerful antitumor effects of EBV-immortalized B cells could be effective against a variety of human tumors grown in athymic mice, including acute lymphocytic leukemia, malignant melanoma, acute promyelocytic leukemia, neuroblastoma, lung carcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, Wilms tumor, Hodgkin's lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and breast adenocarcinoma. We report here the results of experiments in nude mice that demonstrated the potent antitumor effect of EBV-immortalized B cells against human tumors derived from a variety of different tissues.
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PMID:Regression of experimental human leukemias and solid tumors induced by Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B cells. 853 18

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is strongly associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas (LELC) of foregut-derived organs. Recently this group of EBV-associated carcinomas has been expanded by the identification of the virus in conventional adenocarcinomas of the stomach. In situ hybridization (ISH) using a sensitive digoxigenin-labelled EBER RNA probe was performed on 167 consecutive unselected primary non-small cell lung carcinomas, to determine the frequency of EBV association in these tumours. Nine cases (5.4 per cent) showed strong EBER signals in the tumour cell nuclei. By immunohistochemistry, four of the EBER-positive tumours showed patchy expression of the viral latent membrane protein (LMP-1) and none showed any expression of the EBV nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2). Morphologically, all the positive tumours were LELC, whereas no conventional type of non-small cell lung carcinoma showed EBV association. The LELC presented a morphological spectrum from undifferentiated to squamoid or glandular differentiation. The patients showed a male to female ratio of 8:1. The mean age at presentation was 48 years. Smoking was not a risk factor. All patients were alive at follow-up periods of 23-52 months. Southern blot analysis performed on eight of the nine positive tumours showed a clonal episomal form of EBV, suggesting the clonal expansion of an infected tumour cell early in oncogenesis. These characteristics of the EBV-associated lung tumours justify their consideration as a distinct clinicopathological entity.
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PMID:In situ detection of Epstein-Barr virus in non-small cell lung carcinomas. 855 84

A B-cell lymphoma, restricted to the skin, developed in a 58-year-old man receiving methotrexate for non-rheumatoid peripheral arthritis, with the simultaneous occurrence of a cytolytic hepatitis and carcinoma of the lung. Two weeks after methotrexate was stopped, both the skin tumour and the hepatitis disappeared spontaneously, with no recurrence during a 12-month follow-up period. Immunoglobulin gene rearrangement was shown by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) but in situ hybridization failed to reveal neoplastic cells positive for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
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PMID:Reversible cutaneous lymphoma occurring during methotrexate therapy. 877 73

A 47-year-old Caucasian female was admitted to the hospital with a suspicious lesion in the right lower lobe of the lung. At frozen tissue sections a malignant tumour was found which, after special stains and immunohistochemical investigations, was diagnosed as lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and metastasis of a nasopharygeal carcinoma could be excluded by immunohistochemical stains and clinical examination. The tumour cells and the infiltrating lymphocytes were negative for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) as revealed by in situ hybridization (ISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A reevaluation of the literature showed an interesting and surprising fact: in all lung cases, so far reported, the tumour cells were positive for EBV in Asians and negative in Caucasians. Due to the high prevalence of EBV infections in the Asian population it might be speculated, that EBV positivity could be an epiphenomenon in Asian cases of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung.
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PMID:Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. 882 23

Primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung is rare; only 26 case reports have been identified in the literature. The present report presents a case of a 67-year-old white man with a T1 N1 M0 lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. He presented with severe arthritic complaints that resolved after resection of the tumor. The majority of these tumors have occurred in Asian patients who have shown evidence of previous exposure to the Epstein-Barr virus.
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PMID:Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung. 935 48


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