Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A Phase 1-2 study of high-dose photoradiation therapy was performed in 23 patients with cerebral tumors. Twenty-two patients had high-grade gliomas (13 glioblastomas, six recurrent glioblastomas, two anaplastic astrocytomas, and one recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma) and one had a right frontal metastasis from a carcinoma of the lung. Hematoporphyrin derivative was administered to these patients in a dose of 5 mg/kg and, 24 hours later, they all underwent a craniotomy with radical excision of the tumor. The tumor bed was then irradiated with 630 nm of laser light from either an argon dye laser or a gold metal vapor laser for between 43 and 94 minutes, receiving total doses of 70 to 120 J/sq cm (six cases) or 120 to 230 J/sq cm (17 cases). The temperature of the tumor bed was kept below 37 degrees C by irrigation. Fifteen patients who developed new tumors underwent postoperative radiotherapy (45 Gy in 20 divided doses). There was no evidence of increased cerebral edema and no other toxicity from the therapy. All patients were discharged from the hospital within 18 days of surgery. Four of seven patients with gliomas have suffered a further recurrence at 12 to 16 weeks, and two of 15 patients with primarily treated gliomas experienced recurrence at 3 and 13 months following therapy. Fifteen patients have had no recurrence of their tumor and are alive and well at a median follow-up period of 7 months (range 1 to 16 months). It is concluded that photoradiation therapy using 5 mg/kg of hematoporphyrin derivative and 630 nm light at doses of up to 230 J/sq cm can be used as an adjuvant to surgery and radiotherapy with no additional complications.
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PMID:Adjuvant high-dose photoradiation therapy in the treatment of cerebral glioma: a phase 1-2 study. 365 87

Empirical evidence in the clinical literature suggests that ionizing radiation influences human epileptic behavior. A group of patients with tumor-associated epilepsy, biopsy-proven malignancy, and primary antineoplastic treatment with ionizing radiation was selected to evaluate this observation. The antiepileptic effect of ionizing radiation was examined in 9 patients presenting with malignant cerebral tumor and medically refractory partial seizures during at least 2 months. Tissue diagnosis was obtained by stereotactic biopsy without further surgery. Histological categories included anaplastic astrocytoma (5 cases), glioblastoma (2), lymphoma (1), and metastatic non-small cell carcinoma of the lung (1). All patients had medically refractory simple partial seizures with or without secondary generalization with frequencies of 3/week to 8/day for 2-7 months before completion of therapy. Fractionated radiation therapy by parallel opposed fields was delivered with a cumulative dose range of 3,000-6,600 cGy. One patient also had 125I brachytherapy with implant removal after 6 months. Five patients had a seizure-free outcome for periods lasting 2-12 months, whereas the remainder experienced a reduction in frequency of greater than 75% during a follow-up period of 3 months to 6 years. One patient with a glioblastoma remained seizure-free for 3 months and experienced 2 generalized seizures during tumor progression and clinical deterioration but otherwise remained under good anticonvulsant control until his death after 1 year. This review of cases of partial seizures attributable to an unresected malignant cerebral tumor indicates that ionizing radiation may have a favorable effect upon medically refractory partial seizures with significant reduction or elimination of seizures. Moreover, the effect lasts beyond the immediate and early postradiation period. The therapy may thus also lessen the propensity for cerebral tissue towards later epileptogenicity that gives rise to a partial seizure disorder.
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PMID:Effect of ionizing radiation on partial seizures attributable to malignant cerebral tumors. 931 Oct 74

Virtually all patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) relapse. Docetaxel has an established, Food and Drug Administration-approved role as salvage therapy in previously treated, platinum-exposed patients. However, the response rate in phase III studies is < 15%, and median survival is only 6-8 months. Temozolomide, a novel triazene derivative with activity in melanoma and anaplastic astrocytoma, has demonstrated activity in C26 adenocarcinoma, Lewis lung cancer, and in phase I studies. A phase II trial was mounted using a unique schedule of oral temozolomide 75 mg/m2 daily for 6 weeks every 8-10 weeks, in patients with previously treated, advanced, incurable NSCLC. Eligibility stipulated an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS) of 0-2, adequate end organ function, up to 1 prior chemotherapy for advanced (relapsed or metastatic) disease, and up to 1 prior regimen in the context of radiosensitization, adjuvant therapy, or induction. From March 2000 through January 2002, 47 patients (24 male, 23 female) were enrolled. The median age was 67 years. Sixteen patients had a PS of 2, 22 had a PS of 1, and 9 had a PS of 0. It was too early to evaluate 9 patients. Toxicity, with the exception of mild nausea and thrombocytopenia, was negligible. Three patients had a delayed recovery of platelets prompting discontinuation of treatment. Of the 38 evaluable patients, 1 patient had a complete response, 2 patients had a partial response, 12 had stable disease, and 19 had disease progression. Four patients were not evaluable. Six patients died within 30 days of taking temozolomide; 5 of these deaths were not related to treatment upon review by an independent data safety monitoring committee. Temozolomide, using a unique 6-week continuous schedule, has demonstrated activity in the salvage therapy of advanced NSCLC. Toxicity is modest, and accrual to this study continues.
Clin Lung Cancer 2002 May
PMID:Temozolomide in non-small-cell lung cancer: preliminary results of a phase II trial in previously treated patients. 1466 33