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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A prospective study of 595 patients treated by the Thoracic Surgical Unit (TSU) at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan between July 1975 and December 1977 was carried out to determine the pattern of thoracic surgical diseases in Nigeria and to prove or disprove the rarity of certain cardiopulmonary diseases in tropical Africa. This review shows that pyogenic infections of the lung and pleura constitute the largest percentage (38.5) of the thoracic surgical diseases in Nigeria. Although pulmonary tuberculosis accounts for only 23.4 percent of our total inpatient load, it constitutes about 60 percent of our outpatient clinic practice. Cardiovascular diseases form 12.9 percent, notably congenital and acquired valvular heart diseases. An interesting finding was the occasional association of pyomyositis with pyogenic pericarditis and empyema thoracis. This triad is being investigated. Chest trauma was the most common thoracic surgical emergency accounting for 9.2 percent of the total thoracic surgical pathology. The most common causes of dysphagia are strictures from corrosive esophagitis, achalasia, and carcinoma of the esophagus. Present experience confirms the rarity of hiatus hernia, reflux esophagitis, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and, perhaps, carcinoma of the lung among Nigerians.
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PMID:Pattern of thoracic surgical diseases in Nigeria: experience at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. 70 99

The carcinogenic activity of orally administered N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)-nitrosamine (DHPN) in male Wistar rats was evaluated with respect to its dose. DHPN was administered at two doses, 100 ppm and 500 ppm, in the drinking water to rats for 25 to 52 weeks. Tumors developed in the lung, liver, and thyroid of rats receiving 100 ppm DHPN and in the lung, liver thyroid, esophagus, kidney, and urinary bladder of rats receiving 500 ppm DHPN. The principal target organ was the lung in rats receiving either 100 or 500 ppm DHPN, indicating that the carcinogenic action of these doses of DHPN was similar to that of higher doses previously reported. Histologically, the tumors were adenoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and combined carcinoma of the lung, hepatocellular carcinoma and hemangioma of the liver, adenoma and adenocarcinoma of the thyroid, squamous cell papilloma and carcinoma of the esophagus, renal cell and transitional carcinoma of the kidney, and transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. No pancreatic tumors were observed.
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PMID:Effect of dose on the carcinogenic activity of orally administered N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine in rats. 71 Aug 6

Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (ESCC) is extremely rare. Twenty-two cases similar to the small cell carcinoma of the lung in histological features were diagnosed in this hospital during the past 30 years. Clinically, this tumor was highly malignant, rapidly growing and poor in prognosis. In our series, 18 of the 22 patients had died and 11 of them did so in about six months postoperatively. Histologically, 11 were of pure small cell type, 5 intermediate cell type and 6 combined small cell type. Neurosecretory granules were observed by electron microscopy in two cases. The results of immunohistochemical study with ABC method were as follow: EMA + 17/18, Keratin + 1/18, NSE + 9/18, S-100 protein + 1/18, but Chromogranin and Vimentin were negative. All the findings suggest that a small cell carcinoma of the esophagus may well be squamous, glandular, or neurosecretory differentiation, therefore supporting the opinion that this tumor is of total potential stem cell origin and that it may derive from the endoderm.
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PMID:[Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study on 22 cases of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus]. 165 17

Primary small cell carcinoma of the oesophagus (SCCO), histologically indistinguishable from its counterpart of the lung, is a rare tumour. Less than 100 cases are reported. A review of 558 consecutive patients with oesophageal carcinomas referred to our department revealed seven cases. These were studied and compared to a survey of 80 cases collected from 24 reports. The present results, as well as the survey, indicate a poor prognosis with rapid and widespread dissemination, and that death is attributed to distant metastases rather than local failure. Freedom from local symptoms was achieved in all seven patients, regardless of therapy modalities employed. A complete response of the primary lesion was observed in three patients after chemo- and subsequent radiotherapy. According to these findings the most suitable treatment approach seems to be the same as for small cell carcinoma of the lung. A detailed immunohistochemical analysis revealed more characteristics similar to small cell carcinoma of the lung than that of the skin, viz 'Merkel cell carcinoma'.
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PMID:Small cell carcinoma of the oesophagus: a clinical and immunohistopathological review. 169 Nov 9

A case of primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus is presented. The clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings of our case and 72 other cases were reviewed. The most common presenting symptoms were weight loss and dysphagia. Eighty percent were larger than 4 cm at presentation and 97% were in the mid to distal esophagus. The esophageal tumors were identical histologically to small cell carcinoma of the lung. Esophageal luminal widening on esophagram has been found to be more common in nonsquamous cell carcinomas. While rare, small cell carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of primary esophageal tumors, particularly in the presence of these findings.
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PMID:Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: case presentation and review of the literature. 184 35

Small-cell carcinoma of the esophagus is a rare tumor and has received little attention until recent years. It should be differentiated from the far more common poorly differentiated squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus, because treatment by surgical resection alone or by radiation therapy results in limited survival of a few months. It is now recognized that esophageal small-cell carcinoma presents with early widespread dissemination and is chemosensitive, similar to primary small-cell carcinoma of the lung. We report on a patient with small-cell carcinoma of the esophagus treated with combination chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and VP-16 followed by local radiation therapy. Pathologic complete remission was achieved. The patient is currently in remission 22 months after diagnosis, the longest survival reported thus far.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy for small-cell carcinoma of the esophagus. A case report of long-term survival and review of the literature. 217 15

A 54-year-old man with small cell carcinoma of the esophagus and extensive metastases to the liver and bone is presented herein. Ectopic hormone production and a high level of serum NSE (neuron specific enolase), as revealed by biochemical and radioimmunoassay, suggested that this tumor was derived from the cells of the APUD (amine precursor and dehydroxylation) series. He was treated with a combination chemotherapy, resulting in a prompt remission with significant palliation lasting five months. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus is as responsive to chemotherapy as small cell carcinoma of the lung. Although this is an uncommon tumor, recognition is important because of its responsiveness to chemotherapy and the potential for significant palliation of symptoms without surgical intervention.
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PMID:Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: report of a case treated with chemotherapy. 284 21

Two hundred patients with squamous carcinoma of the head and neck were evaluated prospectively for synchronous second primary tumors. Complete head and neck examination, chest x-ray, and barium study (when indicated) revealed synchronous tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract in 24 patients (12%). Eleven patients had a second primary in the head and neck area. Nine patients had carcinoma of the lung, while four had carcinoma of the esophagus. Seven patients had a second primary outside the upper aerodigestive tract either in large bowel or prostate. During the period of this study, an additional 13 patients were seen with metachronous tumors 1-12 years after initial treatment of their index tumor. Most of these metachronous tumors were in the lung and esophagus and were noted within 1-3 years of treatment of the primary head and neck cancer. Detection of synchronous second primary is very important for prognosis and management of the index tumor, while early diagnosis of metachronous lesion is crucial in the follow-up of these patients.
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PMID:Synchronicity, multicentricity, and metachronicity of head and neck cancer. 323 52

Twenty-four patients with a bronchoesophageal fistula due to a malignant lesion were seen during the eight years from 1974 to 1981. Twenty of the patients had carcinoma of the esophagus, and four patients had carcinoma of the lung. All three patients who had a Celestin tube inserted had gastric reflux, and in two, the fistula was not completely occluded. Four patients who had a cervical esophagostomy, feeding jejunostomy and ligation of the gastroesophageal junction died in the immediate postoperative period. The best palliative result was achieved in 17 patients who had a bypass of the fistula with the stomach. Fourteen had a substernal gastric bypass to the cervical portion of the esophagus, and three patients had a gastric bypass to the upper thoracic portion of the esophagus by way of a right thoracotomy. Although the operative deaths occurred in six of 17 patients, the surviving patients resumed oral feeding within ten to 14 days after operation, and the pneumonias cleared. These patients had, by far, the best palliative result. We, therefore, advocate substernal or intrathoracic bypass of the bronchoesophageal fistula as soon as the general condition of the patient permits.
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PMID:Management of malignant bronchoesophageal fistulas. 661 68

Paraneoplastic complications are obscure and difficult to understand. The association of motor neuron disease and carcinoma may sometimes be more than coincidental, and 2 cases are described. One patient had motor neuron disease, limbic encephalitis (a recognized paraneoplastic disorder) and carcinoma of the oesophagus; the other had motor neuron disease and adenocarcinoma of the rectum. In the elderly male with motor neuron disease simple screening tests to exclude lymphoma and carcinoma of the lung, bowel and genito-urinary tract are advocated.
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PMID:Motor neuron disease associated with carcinoma. A report of 2 cases. 682 48


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